SpringBoot集成Quartz动态定时任务「建议收藏」

大家好，又见面了，我是你们的朋友全栈君。

SpringBoot自带schedule

沿用的springboot少xml配置的优良传统，本身支持表达式等多种定时任务
注意在程序启动的时候加上@EnableScheduling

@Scheduled(cron="0/5 * * * * ?")
    public void job(){
        System.out.println("每五秒执行一次");
    }

为什么要使用Quartz

多任务情况下，quartz更容易管理，可以实现动态配置
执行时间表达式：

表达式示例：

集成Quartz

如何搭建springboot就不再细说，官网和网上的教程很多。

maven依赖

<dependency>
            <groupId>org.quartz-scheduler</groupId>
            <artifactId>quartz</artifactId>
            <version>2.2.1</version>
        </dependency>

测试Job类
SchedulerQuartzJob1和SchedulerQuartzJob2代码差不多就不一一列出

package com.yvan.quartz.job;

import org.quartz.Job;
import org.quartz.JobExecutionContext;
import org.quartz.JobExecutionException;
/** * 实现Job接口 * @author yvan * */
public class SchedulerQuartzJob1 implements Job{ 
   
    private void before(){
        System.out.println("任务开始执行");
    }

    @Override
    public void execute(JobExecutionContext arg0) throws JobExecutionException {
        before();
        System.out.println("开始："+System.currentTimeMillis());
        // TODO 业务
        System.out.println("结束："+System.currentTimeMillis());
        after();
    }

    private void after(){
        System.out.println("任务开始执行");
    }

}

任务调用处理
将其拆分成两个部分

实例化Job，将任务触发器加入任务调度中

    private void startJob1(Scheduler scheduler) throws SchedulerException {
        // 通过JobBuilder构建JobDetail实例，JobDetail规定只能是实现Job接口的实例
        // JobDetail 是具体Job实例
        JobDetail jobDetail = JobBuilder.newJob(SchedulerQuartzJob1.class).withIdentity("job1", "group1").build();
        // 基于表达式构建触发器
        CronScheduleBuilder cronScheduleBuilder = CronScheduleBuilder.cronSchedule("0/5 * * * * ?");
        // CronTrigger表达式触发器 继承于Trigger
        // TriggerBuilder 用于构建触发器实例
        CronTrigger cronTrigger = TriggerBuilder.newTrigger().withIdentity("job1", "group1")
                .withSchedule(cronScheduleBuilder).build();
        scheduler.scheduleJob(jobDetail, cronTrigger);
    }

    private void startJob2(Scheduler scheduler) throws SchedulerException {
        JobDetail jobDetail = JobBuilder.newJob(SchedulerQuartzJob2.class).withIdentity("job2", "group2").build();
        CronScheduleBuilder cronScheduleBuilder = CronScheduleBuilder.cronSchedule("0 0/5 * * * ?");
        CronTrigger cronTrigger = TriggerBuilder.newTrigger().withIdentity("job2", "group2")
                .withSchedule(cronScheduleBuilder).build();
        scheduler.scheduleJob(jobDetail, cronTrigger);
    }

对外提供关于动态管理任务的方法

    /** * 开始执行所有任务 * * @throws SchedulerException */
    public void startJob() throws SchedulerException {
        startJob1(scheduler);
        startJob2(scheduler);
        scheduler.start();
    }

    /** * 获取Job信息 * * @param name * @param group * @return * @throws SchedulerException */
    public String getJobInfo(String name, String group) throws SchedulerException {
        TriggerKey triggerKey = new TriggerKey(name, group);
        CronTrigger cronTrigger = (CronTrigger) scheduler.getTrigger(triggerKey);
        return String.format("time:%s,state:%s", cronTrigger.getCronExpression(),
                scheduler.getTriggerState(triggerKey).name());
    }

    /** * 修改某个任务的执行时间 * * @param name * @param group * @param time * @return * @throws SchedulerException */
    public boolean modifyJob(String name, String group, String time) throws SchedulerException {
        Date date = null;
        TriggerKey triggerKey = new TriggerKey(name, group);
        CronTrigger cronTrigger = (CronTrigger) scheduler.getTrigger(triggerKey);
        String oldTime = cronTrigger.getCronExpression();
        if (!oldTime.equalsIgnoreCase(time)) {
            CronScheduleBuilder cronScheduleBuilder = CronScheduleBuilder.cronSchedule(time);
            CronTrigger trigger = TriggerBuilder.newTrigger().withIdentity(name, group)
                    .withSchedule(cronScheduleBuilder).build();
            date = scheduler.rescheduleJob(triggerKey, trigger);
        }
        return date != null;
    }

    /** * 暂停所有任务 * * @throws SchedulerException */
    public void pauseAllJob() throws SchedulerException {
        scheduler.pauseAll();
    }

    /** * 暂停某个任务 * * @param name * @param group * @throws SchedulerException */
    public void pauseJob(String name, String group) throws SchedulerException {
        JobKey jobKey = new JobKey(name, group);
        JobDetail jobDetail = scheduler.getJobDetail(jobKey);
        if (jobDetail == null)
            return;
        scheduler.pauseJob(jobKey);
    }

    /** * 恢复所有任务 * * @throws SchedulerException */
    public void resumeAllJob() throws SchedulerException {
        scheduler.resumeAll();
    }

    /** * 恢复某个任务 * * @param name * @param group * @throws SchedulerException */
    public void resumeJob(String name, String group) throws SchedulerException {
        JobKey jobKey = new JobKey(name, group);
        JobDetail jobDetail = scheduler.getJobDetail(jobKey);
        if (jobDetail == null)
            return;
        scheduler.resumeJob(jobKey);
    }

    /** * 删除某个任务 * * @param name * @param group * @throws SchedulerException */
    public void deleteJob(String name, String group) throws SchedulerException {
        JobKey jobKey = new JobKey(name, group);
        JobDetail jobDetail = scheduler.getJobDetail(jobKey);
        if (jobDetail == null)
            return;
        scheduler.deleteJob(jobKey);
    }

完整代码

package com.yvan.quartz;
import java.util.Date;
import org.quartz.CronScheduleBuilder;
import org.quartz.CronTrigger;
import org.quartz.JobBuilder;
import org.quartz.JobDetail;
import org.quartz.JobKey;
import org.quartz.Scheduler;
import org.quartz.SchedulerException;
import org.quartz.TriggerBuilder;
import org.quartz.TriggerKey;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import com.yvan.quartz.job.SchedulerQuartzJob1;
import com.yvan.quartz.job.SchedulerQuartzJob2;
/** * 任务调度处理 * @author yvan * */
@Configuration
public class QuartzScheduler { 

// 任务调度
@Autowired
private Scheduler scheduler;
/** * 开始执行所有任务 * * @throws SchedulerException */
public void startJob() throws SchedulerException {
startJob1(scheduler);
startJob2(scheduler);
scheduler.start();
}
/** * 获取Job信息 * * @param name * @param group * @return * @throws SchedulerException */
public String getJobInfo(String name, String group) throws SchedulerException {
TriggerKey triggerKey = new TriggerKey(name, group);
CronTrigger cronTrigger = (CronTrigger) scheduler.getTrigger(triggerKey);
return String.format("time:%s,state:%s", cronTrigger.getCronExpression(),
scheduler.getTriggerState(triggerKey).name());
}
/** * 修改某个任务的执行时间 * * @param name * @param group * @param time * @return * @throws SchedulerException */
public boolean modifyJob(String name, String group, String time) throws SchedulerException {
Date date = null;
TriggerKey triggerKey = new TriggerKey(name, group);
CronTrigger cronTrigger = (CronTrigger) scheduler.getTrigger(triggerKey);
String oldTime = cronTrigger.getCronExpression();
if (!oldTime.equalsIgnoreCase(time)) {
CronScheduleBuilder cronScheduleBuilder = CronScheduleBuilder.cronSchedule(time);
CronTrigger trigger = TriggerBuilder.newTrigger().withIdentity(name, group)
.withSchedule(cronScheduleBuilder).build();
date = scheduler.rescheduleJob(triggerKey, trigger);
}
return date != null;
}
/** * 暂停所有任务 * * @throws SchedulerException */
public void pauseAllJob() throws SchedulerException {
scheduler.pauseAll();
}
/** * 暂停某个任务 * * @param name * @param group * @throws SchedulerException */
public void pauseJob(String name, String group) throws SchedulerException {
JobKey jobKey = new JobKey(name, group);
JobDetail jobDetail = scheduler.getJobDetail(jobKey);
if (jobDetail == null)
return;
scheduler.pauseJob(jobKey);
}
/** * 恢复所有任务 * * @throws SchedulerException */
public void resumeAllJob() throws SchedulerException {
scheduler.resumeAll();
}
/** * 恢复某个任务 * * @param name * @param group * @throws SchedulerException */
public void resumeJob(String name, String group) throws SchedulerException {
JobKey jobKey = new JobKey(name, group);
JobDetail jobDetail = scheduler.getJobDetail(jobKey);
if (jobDetail == null)
return;
scheduler.resumeJob(jobKey);
}
/** * 删除某个任务 * * @param name * @param group * @throws SchedulerException */
public void deleteJob(String name, String group) throws SchedulerException {
JobKey jobKey = new JobKey(name, group);
JobDetail jobDetail = scheduler.getJobDetail(jobKey);
if (jobDetail == null)
return;
scheduler.deleteJob(jobKey);
}
private void startJob1(Scheduler scheduler) throws SchedulerException {
// 通过JobBuilder构建JobDetail实例，JobDetail规定只能是实现Job接口的实例
// JobDetail 是具体Job实例
JobDetail jobDetail = JobBuilder.newJob(SchedulerQuartzJob1.class).withIdentity("job1", "group1").build();
// 基于表达式构建触发器
CronScheduleBuilder cronScheduleBuilder = CronScheduleBuilder.cronSchedule("0/5 * * * * ?");
// CronTrigger表达式触发器 继承于Trigger
// TriggerBuilder 用于构建触发器实例
CronTrigger cronTrigger = TriggerBuilder.newTrigger().withIdentity("job1", "group1")
.withSchedule(cronScheduleBuilder).build();
scheduler.scheduleJob(jobDetail, cronTrigger);
}
private void startJob2(Scheduler scheduler) throws SchedulerException {
JobDetail jobDetail = JobBuilder.newJob(SchedulerQuartzJob2.class).withIdentity("job2", "group2").build();
CronScheduleBuilder cronScheduleBuilder = CronScheduleBuilder.cronSchedule("0 0/5 * * * ?");
CronTrigger cronTrigger = TriggerBuilder.newTrigger().withIdentity("job2", "group2")
.withSchedule(cronScheduleBuilder).build();
scheduler.scheduleJob(jobDetail, cronTrigger);
}
}

Scheduler 注入
这里采用监听spring容器加载完毕后事件，启动任务调用
将Scheduler交给spring初始化管理

package com.yvan.quartz;
import org.quartz.Scheduler;
import org.quartz.SchedulerException;
import org.quartz.SchedulerFactory;
import org.quartz.impl.StdSchedulerFactory;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationListener;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.context.event.ContextRefreshedEvent;
@Configuration
public class ApplicationStartQuartzJobListener implements ApplicationListener<ContextRefreshedEvent>{ 

@Autowired
private QuartzScheduler quartzScheduler;
/** * 初始启动quartz */
@Override
public void onApplicationEvent(ContextRefreshedEvent event) {
try {
quartzScheduler.startJob();
System.out.println("任务已经启动...");
} catch (SchedulerException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
/** * 初始注入scheduler * @return * @throws SchedulerException */
@Bean
public Scheduler scheduler() throws SchedulerException{
SchedulerFactory schedulerFactoryBean = new StdSchedulerFactory();
return schedulerFactoryBean.getScheduler(); 
}
}

封装API
这里封装的API主要是为了方便动态管理执行任务，当然依赖这些接口也可以做一个界面来更直观的操作管理任务，这个就不再赘述。

package com.yvan.controller.quartzApi;
import org.quartz.SchedulerException;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import com.yvan.quartz.QuartzScheduler;
/** * 这里并没有采用restful风格 只是简单封装了一下api * * @author yvan * */
@RestController
@RequestMapping("/quartz")
public class QuartzApiController { 

@Autowired
private QuartzScheduler quartzScheduler;
@RequestMapping("/start")
public void startQuartzJob() {
try {
quartzScheduler.startJob();
} catch (SchedulerException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
@RequestMapping("/info")
public String getQuartzJob(String name, String group) {
String info = null;
try {
info = quartzScheduler.getJobInfo(name, group);
} catch (SchedulerException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return info;
}
@RequestMapping("/modify")
public boolean modifyQuartzJob(String name, String group, String time) {
boolean flag = true;
try {
flag = quartzScheduler.modifyJob(name, group, time);
} catch (SchedulerException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return flag;
}
@RequestMapping(value = "/pause")
public void pauseQuartzJob(String name, String group) {
try {
quartzScheduler.pauseJob(name, group);
} catch (SchedulerException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
@RequestMapping(value = "/pauseAll")
public void pauseAllQuartzJob() {
try {
quartzScheduler.pauseAllJob();
} catch (SchedulerException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
@RequestMapping(value = "/delete")
public void deleteJob(String name, String group) {
try {
quartzScheduler.deleteJob(name, group);
} catch (SchedulerException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}

运行结果

 任务已经启动...
18-03-02 14:39:46,879  INFO TomcatEmbeddedServletContainer:201 - Tomcat started on port(s): 8080 (http)
18-03-02 14:39:46,883  INFO Start:57 - Started Start in 3.18 seconds (JVM running for 3.47)
任务开始执行
开始：1519972790003
结束：1519972790003
任务开始执行
任务开始执行
开始：1519972795000
结束：1519972795000
任务开始执行

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SpringBoot集成Quartz动态定时任务「建议收藏」

SpringBoot自带schedule

为什么要使用Quartz

集成Quartz

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