什么是“系统空闲进程”，为什么使用那么多的CPU？「建议收藏」

Have you ever opened up Task Manager and noticed the System Idle Process is using 90% or more of your CPU? Contrary to what you might think, that’s not a bad thing. Here’s what that process actually does.

您是否曾经打开过任务管理器，并注意到系统空闲进程正在使用90％或更多的CPU？ 与您可能认为的相反，这不是一件坏事。 这就是该过程的实际作用。

This article is part of our ongoing series explaining various processes found in Task Manager, like Runtime Broker, svchost.exe, dwm.exe, ctfmon.exe, rundll32.exe, Adobe_Updater.exe, and many others. Don’t know what those services are? Better start reading!

本文是我们正在进行的系列文章的一部分，介绍了在任务管理器中找到的各种过程，例如Runtime Broker ， svchost.exe ， dwm.exe ， ctfmon.exe ， rundll32.exe ， Adobe_Updater.exe 等 。 不知道这些服务是什么？ 最好开始阅读！

什么是系统空闲过程？ (What Is the System Idle Process?)

If you’ve ever poked around in the Task Manager—Windows 10 users have to look under the “Details” tab—you’ll see that the System Idle Process is using most, if not all, of your CPU. But the System Idle Process is just that; an idling process made by the operating system. Without this process constantly keeping your processor occupied with something to do, your system could potentially freeze.

如果您曾经在任务管理器中闲逛过-Windows 10用户必须在“详细信息”选项卡下查看-您会看到系统空闲进程正在使用大部分(如果不是全部)CPU。 但是系统空闲过程就是这样。 操作系统进行的空闲过程。 如果没有该过程不断使您的处理器忙于处理某事，则系统可能会冻结。

In other words, the CPU resources used by the System Idle Process are just the CPU resources that aren’t being used. If programs are using 5% of your CPU, the System Idle Process will be using 95% of your CPU. You can think of it as a simple placeholder. That’s why the Task Manager describes this process as the “percentage of time the processor is idle.” It has a PID (process identifier) of 0.

换句话说，系统空闲进程使用的CPU资源就是未使用的CPU资源。 如果程序使用了5％的CPU，则系统空闲进程将使用95％的CPU。 您可以将其视为简单的占位符。 这就是为什么任务管理器将此过程描述为“处理器空闲时间的百分比”。 PID(进程标识符)为0。

Windows hides the System Idle Process information from the normal Processes tab in Windows 10’s Task Manager to keep things simple, but it’s still shown on the Details tab.

Windows会从Windows 10的任务管理器的常规“进程”选项卡中隐藏“系统空闲进程”信息，以使事情变得简单，但仍在“详细信息”选项卡上显示。

Windows为什么需要系统空闲进程？ (Why Does Windows Need a System Idle Process?)

Without this process always keeping your processor occupied with something to do, your system could potentially freeze. Windows runs this process as part of the SYSTEM user account, so it’s always active in the background while Windows is running.

没有此过程，总是让您的处理器忙于做事，您的系统可能会死机。 Windows作为SYSTEM用户帐户的一部分运行此过程，因此Windows在运行时始终在后台处于活动状态。

System Idle Processes are native to Windows NT operating systems, dating back to 1993—they also appear in Unix-like operating systems such as Linux but operate a bit differently. A System Idle Process is a normal part of your OS that runs a single thread on each CPU core for a multiprocessor system, while systems that use hyperthreading have one idle thread per logical processor.

系统空闲进程可追溯到1993年，是Windows NT操作系统的本机-它们也出现在类似Unix的操作系统(如Linux)中，但操作方式略有不同。 系统空闲进程是OS的正常部分，在多处理器系统的每个CPU内核上运行一个线程，而使用超线程的系统每个逻辑处理器都有一个空闲线程。

The System Idle Process’ sole purpose is to keep the CPU busy doing something—literally anything—while it waits for the next computation or process fed into it. The reason this all works is that the idle threads use a zero priority, which is lower than ordinary threads have, allowing for them to be pushed out of the queue when the OS has legitimate processes to be run. Then, once the CPU finishes with that job, it’s ready to handle the System Idle Process all over again. Having idle threads always in a Ready state—if they’re not already running—keeps the CPU running and waiting for anything the OS throws at it.

系统空闲进程的唯一目的是使CPU在等待下一个计算或进程进入时忙于做任何事情(实际上是任何事情)。 所有这些工作的原因是，空闲线程使用零优先级，该优先级低于普通线程，因此允许它们在操作系统运行合法进程时被从队列中推出。 然后，一旦CPU完成该工作，就可以再次处理系统空闲进程。 使空闲线程始终处于“就绪”状态(如果尚未运行)，会使CPU处于运行状态，并等待操作系统对其进行处理。

为什么要使用这么多的CPU？ (Why Is It Using So Much CPU?)

Like mentioned earlier, this process appears to use a lot of CPU, which is something you’ll spot if you open the Task Manager, looking for resource hungry processes. That’s normal because it’s a special task run by the OS scheduler only when your CPU is idle, which—unless you’re doing something that demands a lot of processing power—will look to be quite high.

如前所述，该过程似乎使用大量CPU，如果您打开“任务管理器”以寻找资源匮乏的过程，就会发现这一点。 这是正常的，因为这是仅在CPU空闲时才由OS调度程序运行的特殊任务，除非您正在执行需要大量处理能力的操作，否则它将看起来非常高。

To understand the number next to the process in Task Manager, you have to think the opposite of what you normally understand it to mean. It represents the percent of CPU that’s available, not how much it’s using. If programs are using 5% of the CPU, then the SIP will show to be using 95% of the CPU, or 95% of the CPU is unused, or unwanted by other threads in the system.

要了解任务管理器中流程旁边的数字，您必须考虑与通常理解的含义相反的含义。 它表示可用CPU的百分比，而不是使用的百分比。 如果程序正在使用5％的CPU，则SIP将显示正在使用95％的CPU，或者95％的CPU未使用，或者系统中其他线程不希望使用。

但是我的电脑很慢！ (But My Computer Is Slow!)

If your computer is slow and you notice high usage by the System Idle Process—well, that’s not the System Idle Process’s fault. This process’s behavior is perfectly normal and suggests the problem isn’t due to high CPU usage. It may be caused by a lack of memory, slow storage, or something else using up your computer’s resources. As always, it’s a good idea to run a scan with an antivirus program if you’re experiencing problems and you’re not running anything that might be slowing your PC down.

如果您的计算机运行缓慢，并且发现系统空闲进程的使用率很高，那不是系统空闲进程的问题。 此过程的行为完全正常，这表明问题不是由于CPU使用率高。 这可能是由于内存不足，存储速度慢或其他消耗计算机资源的原因引起的。 与往常一样，如果遇到问题并且没有运行任何可能会使PC速度降低的问题，则最好使用防病毒程序运行扫描 。

If that yields nothing and you’re still experiencing slower than usual performance, try uninstalling unused programs, disabling programs that launch when you start up your computer, reduce system animations, free up disk space, or defrag your HDD.

如果这样做没有效果，并且您仍然比平时的性能慢，请尝试卸载未使用的程序 ， 禁用启动计算机时启动的程序 ， 减少系统动画，释放磁盘空间或整理硬盘碎片。

The System Idle Process is an integral part of the Windows operating system and, while it may look like it’s hogging upwards of 90%, that’s just showing you available resources and that your CPU isn’t doing anything with at the moment.

系统空闲进程是Windows操作系统不可或缺的一部分，尽管看起来它占据了90％以上的位置，但这只是向您显示可用资源，并且您的CPU目前没有任何处理。

翻译自: https://www.howtogeek.com/411569/what-is-system-idle-process-and-why-is-it-using-so-much-cpu/