2019/6/18

大家好，又见面了，我是你们的朋友全栈君。

今日内容：

1.selenium剩余用法

2.selenium万能登录破解

3.破解极验滑动验证码

from selenium import webdriverimport time

      driver = webdriver. Chr ome (r' D: Bai duNetdi skDownl oad( chr omedriver_ win32 chr omedriver. exe')

      try:

      driver. get(' https://dig. chouti. com/')driver. implicitly_ wait(10)time. sleep(5)

      1ogin_ btn = driver. find_ element_ by_ id( 1ogin_ btn')login_ btn. click() .time. sleep(2)

      phone = driver. find_ element_ by_ class_ name(' 1ogin- -phone )phone. send_ .keys

      pwd = driver. find_ element_ .by_ class_ name ( pwd-passwor d-input' )pwd. send_ keys( kermi t46709394' )

      1ogin_ submit = driver. find_ ,element_ _by_ ,class. _name(' btn-large )login_ submit. click() .

      time. sleep (20)

#捕获异常并打印

except Exception as e:

print(e) 

finally: 

driver. close()



from selenium import webdriver . driver = webdriver. Chr ome (r' D: Bai duNetdi skDownl oad( chr omedriver_ win32 chr omedriver. exe') F try: driver. get(' https://doc. scrapy. org/en/1atest/_ static/selectors-sample1. htm1' )driver. implicitly_ wait(5)




#根据xpath语法查找元素

#/从根节点开始找第一个


 htm1 = driver. find_ element_ _by, _xpath( /html )

      # htm1 = driver. find_ .element_ by_ xpath('/head') # HR#print(html. tag_ name)

      div = driver. find_ element_ by_ _xpath(' //div' )print (div. tag_ name)

 

      div = driver. find_ element_ by_ xpath(' //div[@id=" images"]' )print (div. tag_ name)print (div. text)





#找到第一个a节点

      a = driver. find_ element_ _by_ xpath(' //a' )print(a. tag_ name)

      #找到所有a节点

      a _s = driver. find elements_ by_ xpath(' //a' )print(a_ s)


      #找到第一个a节点的href属性

      # get_ attribute:获取节点中某个属性

      a = driver. find_ element_ by_ _xpath(' //a' ). get_ attribute(' href' )print (a)

      finally:

      driver. close()

‘ ‘ ‘

点击、清除工作

‘ ‘ ‘

try:

      driver. implicitly_ wait(10 ）

      driver. get(' https://www. jd. com/' )

      input_ _tag = driver. find_ element_ by_ id(' key' )input_ .tag. send_ keys(' EA )

      input_ .tag. send_ _keys (Keys. ENTER)time. sleep (2)

      input_ tag = driver. find_ element_ by_ id(' key' )input_ tag. clear()

      input_ .tag. send_ keys(' 5 #Èi )# #HI#R#HÆH#

      button = driver. find_ _element_ _by_ class_ _name (' button )button. click()e time. sleep(10)

      finally:

      driver. close()

from selenium import webdr ivere import time driver = webdr iver. Chrome (r' D: Bai duNetdiskDownloadchr omedr iver. _win32chr try:
dr iver. implicitly_ _wait(10) driver. get(' https: //www. zhihu. com/explore' )print (driver. get_ cookies 0) e time. sleep(10) finally: dr iver. c1ose()

#选项卡管理：切换选项卡，有js的方式window.open，有Windows快捷键

#Ctrl+t等，最通用的就是js的方式

from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver import ActionChains
import time

driver = webdriver.Chrome()
driver.implicitly_wait(10)
driver.get('http://www.runoob.com/try/try.php?filename=jqueryui-api-droppable')

try:

    # driver.switch_to_frame('iframeResult')
    # 切换到id为iframeResult的窗口内
    driver.switch_to.frame('iframeResult')

    # 源位置
    draggable = driver.find_element_by_id('draggable')

    # 目标位置
    droppable = driver.find_element_by_id('droppable')

    # 调用ActionChains，必须把驱动对象传进去
    # 得到一个动作链对象，复制给一个变量
    actions = ActionChains(driver)

    # 方式一: 机器人
    # 瞬间把源图片位置秒移到目标图片位置
    # actions.drag_and_drop(draggable, droppable)  # 编写一个行为
    # actions.perform()  # 执行编写好的行为


    # 方式二: 模拟人的行为
    source = draggable.location['x']
    target = droppable.location['x']
    print(source, target)

    distance = target - source
    print(distance)

    # perform：每个动作都要调用perform执行

    # 点击并摁住源图片
    ActionChains(driver).click_and_hold(draggable).perform()

    s = 0
    while s < distance:
        # 执行位移操作
        ActionChains(driver).move_by_offset(xoffset=2, yoffset=0).perform()
        s += 2

    # 释放动作链
    ActionChains(driver).release().perform()

    time.sleep(10)


finally:
    driver.close()

”’ 前进、后退 ”’

from selenium import webdriver
import time

driver = webdriver.Chrome()


try:
    driver.implicitly_wait(10)
    driver.get('[图片]https://www.jd.com/')
    driver.get('https://www.baidu.com/')
    driver.get('https://www.cnblogs.com/')

    time.sleep(2)

    # 回退操作
    driver.back()
    time.sleep(1)
    # 前进操作
    driver.forward()
    time.sleep(1)
    driver.back()
    time.sleep(10)

finally:
    driver.close()

from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver import ChromeOptions
import time
r'''
步骤:
    1、打开文件的查看，显示隐藏文件
    2、找到C:\Users\administortra\AppData\Local\Google\Chrome\User Data
        删除Default文件
    3、重新打开浏览器，并登陆百度账号
        - 此时会创建一个新的Default缓存文件
'''
# 获取options对象，参数对象
options = ChromeOptions()

# 获取cookies保存路径
# 'C:\Users\administortra\AppData\Local\Google\Chrome\User Data'
profile_directory = r'--user-data-dir=C:\Users\administortra\AppData\Local\Google\Chrome\User Data'

# 添加用户信息目录
options.add_argument(profile_directory)

# 把参数加载到当前驱动中  chrome_options默认参数，用来接收options对象
driver = webdriver.Chrome(chrome_options=options)

try:
    driver.implicitly_wait(10)
    driver.get('https://www.baidu.com/')
    '''
    BDUSS:*****
    '''
    # 添加用户cookies信息
    # name、value必须小写
    driver.add_cookie({
       
       "name": "BDUSS", "value": "用户session字符串"})

    # 刷新操作
    driver.refresh()

    time.sleep(10)

finally:
    driver.close()

爬取京东商品信息:
请求url:
https://www. jd. com/提取商品信息:
1.商品详情页

2.商品名称

3.商品价格

4.评价人数

5.商品商家

from selenium import webdriver

from selenium. webdriver. common. keys import Keysimport time

driver = webdriver. Chrome()

try:

      driver. implicitly_ wait (10)# I、往京东主页发送请求

      driver. get(' https://www. jd. com/')

      # 2、输入商品名称，并回车搜索

      input_ .tag = driver. find element_ by_ id(' key' )input_ tag. send keys (’macbook' )input_ tag. send_ keys (Keys. ENTER)

      # 3、查找所有商品div

      # good div = driver. find element_ by_ id(J goodsList')good_ list = driver. find_ elements_ by_ class_ name(' gl-item' )

#根据属性选择器查找#商品链接

 #根据属性选择器查找#商品链接

      good_ url = good.find element_ by_ css_ selector

      .p-img a' ). get_ attribute(' href' )

      #商品名称

      good_ name = good. find_ element_ by_ CSS_ selector (

      '. p-name em' ). text. replace("\n", "--")

      #商品价格

      good_ price = good. find_ element_ by_ class_ name (

      p-price' ). text. replace("\n",”:")

      #评价人数

      good_ .commit = good. find element_ by_ class_ name (

      p-commit' ). text. replace("\n",””)

      #商品商家

      good_ from = good. find_ element_ by_ class_ name (

      ’J_im_ icon' ). text. replace("\n",”")

      激活indowse

      good_ content = f'  '  '

      商品链接：{ｇｏｏｄ＿ｕｒｌ}
　　商品名称：{ｇｏｏｄ＿ｎａｍｅ}
　　商品价格：{ｇｏｏｄ＿ｐｒｉｃｅ}
　　评价人数：{ｇｏｏｄ＿ｃｏｍｍｉｔ}
　　商品商家：{ｇｏｏｄ＿ｆｒｏｍ}
      print (good_ .content)

      with open(' jd. txt', ' a, encoding=' utf-8' ) as f:

      e  f. write (good_ content)e  time. s1eep(10)

      finally:

      driver. close()

＃递归调用函数

 get_ good(driver)ng

time. sleep(10)166

  finally:

  driver. close0169170

lif _- name_ ._ == '__ _main_. .' :172

good_ name = input('靖輪入爬取商品信息:’). stripO174

 driver = webdriver. Chr ome O176  driver. implicitly_ wait(10)

＃往京东主页发送请求

input_ tag = driver. find_ .element_ .by_ id(' key')input_ tag. send_ keys (good_ name)input_ tag. send_ keys (Keys. ENTER)time. sleep(2)

get_ good(driver)

今日作业：

１．总结课堂知识点，写博客

２．爬取京东商品信息

３.滑动验证（提高题）

from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.keys import Keys
import time


def get_good(driver):
    try:

        # 通过JS控制滚轮滑动获取所有商品信息
        js_code = '''
            window.scrollTo(0,5000);
        '''
        driver.execute_script(js_code)  # 执行js代码

        # 等待数据加载
        time.sleep(2)

        # 3、查找所有商品div
        # good_div = driver.find_element_by_id('J_goodsList')
        good_list = driver.find_elements_by_class_name('gl-item')
        n = 1
        for good in good_list:
            # 根据属性选择器查找
            # 商品链接
            good_url = good.find_element_by_css_selector(
                '.p-img a').get_attribute('href')

            # 商品名称
            good_name = good.find_element_by_css_selector(
                '.p-name em').text.replace("\n", "--")

            # 商品价格
            good_price = good.find_element_by_class_name(
                'p-price').text.replace("\n", ":")

            # 评价人数
            good_commit = good.find_element_by_class_name(
                'p-commit').text.replace("\n", " ")

            good_content = f'''
                        商品链接: {good_url}
                        商品名称: {good_name}
                        商品价格: {good_price}
                        评价人数: {good_commit}
                        \n
                        '''
            print(good_content)
            with open('jd.txt', 'a', encoding='utf-8') as f:
                f.write(good_content)

        next_tag = driver.find_element_by_class_name('pn-next')
        next_tag.click()

        time.sleep(2)

        # 递归调用函数
        get_good(driver)

        time.sleep(10)

    finally:
        driver.close()


if __name__ == '__main__':

    good_name = input('请输入爬取商品信息:').strip()

    driver = webdriver.Chrome()
    driver.implicitly_wait(10)
    # 1、往京东主页发送请求
    driver.get('https://www.jd.com/')

    # 2、输入商品名称，并回车搜索
    input_tag = driver.find_element_by_id('key')
    input_tag.send_keys(good_name)
    input_tag.send_keys(Keys.ENTER)
    time.sleep(2)

    get_good(driver)

#滑动

'''''' ''' 破解极验滑动验证 破解极验滑动验证 博客园登录url: https://account.cnblogs.com/signin?returnUrl=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cnblogs.com%2F 代码逻辑: 1、输入用户名与密码，并点击登录 2、弹出滑动验证，获取有缺口与完整的图片 3、通过像素点进行比对，获取滑动位移距离 4、模拟人的行为轨迹 5、开始滑动 ''' from selenium import webdriver # 用来驱动浏览器的 from selenium.webdriver import ActionChains # 破解滑动验证码的时候用的 可以拖动图片 import time from PIL import Image # pip3 install pillow import random # 截图图片函数 def cut_image(driver): # 获取整个页面图片，图片名字为'snap.png' driver.save_screenshot('snap.png') # 获取滑动小画图 image = driver.find_element_by_class_name('geetest_canvas_img') print(image.location) print(image.size) # 获取小图片的左上右下的位置 left = image.location['x'] top = image.location['y'] right = left + image.size['width'] buttom = top + image.size['height'] print(left, top, right, buttom) # 调用open方法打开全屏图片并赋值给image_obj对象 image_obj = Image.open('snap.png') # 通过image_obj对象对小图片进行截取 # box: The crop rectangle, as a (left, upper, right, lower)-tuple. img = image_obj.crop((left, top, right, buttom)) # 打开截取后的小图片  img.show() return img # 获取完整图片 def get_image1(driver): time.sleep(2) # 修改document文档树，把完整图片的display属性修改为block js_code = ''' var x = document.getElementsByClassName("geetest_canvas_fullbg")[0].style.display = "block"; ''' # 执行js代码  driver.execute_script(js_code) # 截取图片 image = cut_image(driver) return image # 获取有缺口图片 def get_image2(driver): time.sleep(2) # 修改document文档树，把完整图片的display属性修改为block js_code = ''' var x = document.getElementsByClassName("geetest_canvas_fullbg")[0].style.display = "none"; ''' # 执行js代码  driver.execute_script(js_code) # 截取图片 image = cut_image(driver) return image def main(): driver = webdriver.Chrome(r'D:\BaiduNetdiskDownload\chromedriver_win32\chromedriver.exe') driver.implicitly_wait(10) driver.get('https://account.cnblogs.com/signin?returnUrl=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cnblogs.com%2F') # 1、输入用户名与密码，并点击登录 user_input = driver.find_element_by_id('LoginName') user_input.send_keys('_tank_') time.sleep(0.2) pwd_input = driver.find_element_by_id('Password') pwd_input.send_keys('k46709394.') time.sleep(2) login_submit = driver.find_element_by_id('submitBtn') login_submit.click() # 2、获取完整的图片 image1 = get_image1(driver) # 3、获取有缺口图片 image2 = get_image2(driver) time.sleep(100) if __name__ == '__main__': main()