大家好,又见面了,我是全栈君。
简单介绍
Memcache是danga.com的一个项目,最早是为 LiveJournal 服务的。眼下全世界不少人使用这个缓存项目来构建自己大负载的站点,来分担数据库的压力。
Memcache官方站点:http://memcached.org/
1,安装
下载地址: http://www.memcached.org/downloads,我们线上使用的比較稳定的版本号是1.4.15,假设官网找不到曾经的版本号了,能够去我的csdn资源里面下载此版本号,下载地址:
memcache1.4.15 :http://download.csdn.net/detail/mchdba/7562193
libevent2:http://download.csdn.net/detail/mchdba/7562201
或者去官网下载最新的:
wget http://memcached.org/latest
[root@localhost ~]#tar -xvf memcached-1.4.15.tar.gz
[root@localhost ~]# cd memcached-1.4.15
[root@localhost memcached-1.4.15]# ./configure && make && make test && sudo make install
……
checking for library containing clock_gettime… -lrt
checking for library containing socket… none required
checking for library containing gethostbyname… none required
checking for libevent directory… configure: error: libevent is required. You can get it from http://www.monkey.org/~provos/libevent/
If it’s already installed, specify its path using –with-libevent=/dir/
看到提示。须要先安装libevent包。lebevent主要用于socket的处理,
wget https://github.com/downloads/libevent/libevent/libevent-2.0.21-stable.tar.gz
tar -xvf libevent-2.0.21-stable.tar.gz
cd libevent-2.0.21-stable
./configure –prefix=/usr/local/libevent
make
make install
#删除原来的文件夹,又一次解压缩进行编译安装
[root@localhost ~]#rm -rf /root/memcached-1.4.15/
[root@localhost ~]# tar -xvf memcached-1.4.15.tar.gz
[root@localhost ~]# cd /root/memcached-1.4.15/
[root@localhost memcached-1.4.15]# ./configure –with-libevent=/usr/local/libevent –prefix=/usr/local/memcache
[root@localhost memcached-1.4.15]# make
[root@localhost memcached-1.4.15]# make test
[root@localhost memcached-1.4.15]# make install
2,怎样执行memcache
/usr/local/bin/memcached -d -m 10 -u root -l 10.xx.xx.xx -p 12000 -c 1024 –P /tmp/memcached.pid
## 相关选项说明
-d 表示启动一个守护进程
-m 是分配给memcached使用的内存
-u 执行memcached的用户
-l 是memcached监听的ip
-p 是memcached监听的port
-c memcache执行的最大并发连接数
-P 是设置memcache的pid文件
[root@localhost ~]# /usr/local/memcache/bin/memcached -d -u nobody -m 1024 -t 64 -c 2048 -k -I 1M -L -l 127.0.0.1 -p11211 -P /var/memcached/memcached_11211.pid
Cannot enable large pages on this system
(There is no Linux support as of this version)
[root@localhost ~]#
Cannot enable large pages,启动命令不合适。换成例如以下
/usr/local/memcache/bin/memcached -d -m 1024 -u root -l 10.xx.xx.xx -p 11211 -c 2048 -P /var/memcached/memcached.pid
3,实现service启动停止以及查看状态
然后执行例如以下,载入到启动项:
chkconfig –add memcache #注冊服务
chmod 700 memcache
chkconfig –level 345 memcache on #指定服务在3、4、5级别执行
4,简单測试
[root@localhost ~]# telnet 127.0.0.1 11211
# 存一个简单的key1,值为123456
Trying 127.0.0.1…
Connected to 127.0.0.1.
Escape character is ‘^]’.
set key1 0 0 6
123456
STORED #存储成功
quit
Connection closed by foreign host.
[root@localhost ~]# telnet 127.0.0.1 11211
# 去获取这个key1的值
Trying 127.0.0.1…
Connected to 127.0.0.1.
Escape character is ‘^]’.
get key1
VALUE key1 0 6
123456 #获取成功
END
5,memcache的使用
有些是转载的,原文地址:http://blog.csdn.net/heiyeshuwu
6,memcache性能监控
6.1,安装python插件
下载地址:http://download.csdn.net/detail/wufongming/1159646
tar -xvf python-memcached-latest.tar.gz
cd python-memcached-1.43
python setup.py install
执行上面的命令的时候出现例如以下错误
Traceback (most recent call last):
File “setup.py”, line 3, in ?
from setuptools import setup
ImportError: No module named setuptools
解决的方法:yum -y install python-setuptools
成功安装后再次 python setup.py install 安装就能够成功了。
6.2。下载安装插件
[root@squid-2 soft]# wget http://s1.dlnws.com/dealnews/developers/cacti-memcached-1.0.tar.gz
解压缩:
[root@squid-2 soft]# tar -xvf cacti-memcached-1.0.tar.gz
cacti-memcached-1.0/
cacti-memcached-1.0/cacti_memcached_host_template.xml
cacti-memcached-1.0/INSTALL
cacti-memcached-1.0/memcached.py
cacti-memcached-1.0/README
[root@squid-2 soft]#
将监控文件memcached.py拷贝到cacti的scripts文件文件夹下
[root@squid-2 cacti-memcached-1.0]# pwd
/root/soft/cacti-memcached-1.0
[root@squid-2 cacti-memcached-1.0]# cp memcached.py /var/www/html/cacti/scripts/
[root@squid-2 cacti-memcached-1.0]#
赋予执行用户权限
[root@squid-2 cacti-memcached-1.0]# chown -R apache.apache /var/www/html/cacti/scripts/memcached.py
[root@squid-2 cacti-memcached-1.0]#
6.3,在cacti界面导入memcache模板文件
将解压缩的cacti_memcached_host_template.xml文件copy到本地E:\u\memcache,然后进入“console”,再进入“Import Templates”。再进入“选择文件”,选择E:\u\memcache下的cacti_memcached_host_template.xml文件。然后点击右下角的“Import”button。导入完后,会在Graph Templates看到memcache的6项监控服务,例如以下图所看到的:
6.4,在界面加入memcache主机服务
进入“Devices”。点击右上角的“Add”button, 填写主机名称和主机ip地址,在“Host Template”下拉框里面选择“Memcached Server”选项,点击右下角的“Save”button创建memcache服务主机,例如以下图所看到的。
6.5。给memcache主机加入监控图
选择“Devices”,点击主机名称连接“xx.xx_memcache”,在新的界面中,点击右上角的“Create Graphs for this Host”,然后在新的页面中选择6个Memcache监控选项,点击右下角的“Create”button,就创建好了memcache监控图,例如以下图所看到的:
6.6,查看memcache监控图
选择“monitor”。再选择右边的“Tree View”,再选择左边的memcache主机名称,就会在右边出现6个监控图,例如以下所看到的:
(1) Memcached – Bytes Used
(2)Memcached – Cache Hits and Misses
(3)Memcached – Current Connections
(4)Memcached – Items Cached
(5)Memcached – Network Traffic (bits/sec)
(6)Memcached – Requests/sec (get/set)
以上设置仅仅是针对默认port11211,可是当你的port不是11211,而是其它的port,比方我的是12000,这种话你就要对你的cacti的data source做下小更改了,操作例如以下:
Console—Data Input Methods–Memcached – Statistics
找到Input String的值python /scripts/memcached.py
更改成:python /scripts/memcached.py –p 12000
假设你是其它port的,仅仅要将port号更改成其它的值就能够了!
6.7,遇到的问题总结
(1)有图出不来数据。显示为nan值,问题出在,没有安装 python-memcached-latest.tar.gz插件导致。安装完插件后,重新启动cacti服务,图上的数据显示出来了。
(2)网卡监控流量选项选择不了,报错: This data query returned 0 rows, perhaps there was a problem executing this data query. You can run this data query in debug mode to get more information.
解决方式例如以下:
a。第一种
打开默认的/etc/snmp/snmpd.conf文件,更改例如以下配置:
1、查找下面字段:
sec.name source community
com2sec notConfigUser default public
将“comunity”字段改为你要设置的password.比方“public”.
2、查找下面字段:
# Finally, grant the group read-only access to the systemview view.
# group context sec.model sec.level prefix read write notif
access notConfigGroup “” any noauth exact all none none
将”systemview”字段改为all.
3、查找下面字段:
# incl/excl subtree mask
#view all included .1 80
将该行前面的”#”去掉.
然后重新启动snmpd服务,就OK了。
b,另外另一种办法例如以下:
例如以下:
编辑linux主机下的/etc/snmp/snmpd.conf文件
找到62行:
access notConfigGroup “” any noauth exact systemview none none
改动成:(假设有#号。把#号去掉)
access notConfigGroup “” any noauth exact mib2 none none
找到89行。把改行的#去掉:
#view mib2 included .iso.org.dod.internet.mgmt.mib-2 fc
改动成:
view mib2 included .iso.org.dod.internet.mgmt.mib-2 fc
重起snmpd服务,service snmpd restart
參考文章地址:
http://blog.chinaunix.net/uid-20639775-id-154601.html
https://code.google.com/p/memcached/wiki/NewStart
简单介绍
Memcache是danga.com的一个项目,最早是为 LiveJournal 服务的。眼下全世界不少人使用这个缓存项目来构建自己大负载的站点,来分担数据库的压力。Memcache官方站点:http://memcached.org/
1,安装
下载地址: http://www.memcached.org/downloads,我们线上使用的比較稳定的版本号是1.4.15,假设官网找不到曾经的版本号了,能够去我的csdn资源里面下载此版本号。下载地址:
memcache1.4.15 :http://download.csdn.net/detail/mchdba/7562193
libevent2:http://download.csdn.net/detail/mchdba/7562201
或者去官网下载最新的:
wget http://memcached.org/latest
[root@localhost ~]#tar -xvf memcached-1.4.15.tar.gz
[root@localhost ~]# cd memcached-1.4.15
[root@localhost memcached-1.4.15]# ./configure && make && make test && sudo make install
……
checking for library containing clock_gettime… -lrt
checking for library containing socket… none required
checking for library containing gethostbyname… none required
checking for libevent directory… configure: error: libevent is required. You can get it from http://www.monkey.org/~provos/libevent/
If it’s already installed, specify its path using –with-libevent=/dir/
看到提示,须要先安装libevent包,lebevent主要用于socket的处理,
wget https://github.com/downloads/libevent/libevent/libevent-2.0.21-stable.tar.gz
tar -xvf libevent-2.0.21-stable.tar.gz
cd libevent-2.0.21-stable
./configure –prefix=/usr/local/libevent
make
make install
#删除原来的文件夹,又一次解压缩进行编译安装
[root@localhost ~]#rm -rf /root/memcached-1.4.15/
[root@localhost ~]# tar -xvf memcached-1.4.15.tar.gz
[root@localhost ~]# cd /root/memcached-1.4.15/
[root@localhost memcached-1.4.15]# ./configure –with-libevent=/usr/local/libevent –prefix=/usr/local/memcache
[root@localhost memcached-1.4.15]# make
[root@localhost memcached-1.4.15]# make test
[root@localhost memcached-1.4.15]# make install
2,怎样执行memcache
/usr/local/bin/memcached -d -m 10 -u root -l 10.xx.xx.xx -p 12000 -c 1024 –P /tmp/memcached.pid
## 相关选项说明
-d 表示启动一个守护进程
-m 是分配给memcached使用的内存
-u 执行memcached的用户
-l 是memcached监听的ip
-p 是memcached监听的port
-c memcache执行的最大并发连接数
-P 是设置memcache的pid文件
[root@localhost ~]# /usr/local/memcache/bin/memcached -d -u nobody -m 1024 -t 64 -c 2048 -k -I 1M -L -l 127.0.0.1 -p11211 -P /var/memcached/memcached_11211.pid
Cannot enable large pages on this system
(There is no Linux support as of this version)
[root@localhost ~]#
Cannot enable large pages,启动命令不合适,换成例如以下
/usr/local/memcache/bin/memcached -d -m 1024 -u root -l 10.xx.xx.xx -p 11211 -c 2048 -P /var/memcached/memcached.pid
3,实现service启动停止以及查看状态
然后执行例如以下。载入到启动项:
chkconfig –add memcache #注冊服务
chmod 700 memcache
chkconfig –level 345 memcache on #指定服务在3、4、5级别执行
4,简单測试
[root@localhost ~]# telnet 127.0.0.1 11211
# 存一个简单的key1,值为123456
Trying 127.0.0.1…
Connected to 127.0.0.1.
Escape character is ‘^]’.
set key1 0 0 6
123456
STORED #存储成功
quit
Connection closed by foreign host.
[root@localhost ~]# telnet 127.0.0.1 11211
# 去获取这个key1的值
Trying 127.0.0.1…
Connected to 127.0.0.1.
Escape character is ‘^]’.
get key1
VALUE key1 0 6
123456 #获取成功
END
5,memcache的使用
有些是转载的,原文地址:http://blog.csdn.net/heiyeshuwu
6,memcache性能监控
6.1
。安装
python
插件
下载地址:http://download.csdn.net/detail/wufongming/1159646
tar -xvf python-memcached-latest.tar.gz
cd python-memcached-1.43
python setup.py install
执行上面的命令的时候出现例如以下错误
Traceback (most recent call last):
File “setup.py”, line 3, in ?
from setuptools import setup
ImportError: No module named setuptools
解决的方法:yum -y install python-setuptools
成功安装后再次 python setup.py install 安装就能够成功了。
6.2
,下载安装插件
[root@squid-2 soft]# wget http://s1.dlnws.com/dealnews/developers/cacti-memcached-1.0.tar.gz
解压缩:
[root@squid-2 soft]# tar -xvf cacti-memcached-1.0.tar.gz
cacti-memcached-1.0/
cacti-memcached-1.0/cacti_memcached_host_template.xml
cacti-memcached-1.0/INSTALL
cacti-memcached-1.0/memcached.py
cacti-memcached-1.0/README
[root@squid-2 soft]#
将监控文件memcached.py拷贝到cacti的scripts文件文件夹下
[root@squid-2 cacti-memcached-1.0]# pwd
/root/soft/cacti-memcached-1.0
[root@squid-2 cacti-memcached-1.0]# cp memcached.py /var/www/html/cacti/scripts/
[root@squid-2 cacti-memcached-1.0]#
赋予执行用户权限
[root@squid-2 cacti-memcached-1.0]# chown -R apache.apache /var/www/html/cacti/scripts/memcached.py
[root@squid-2 cacti-memcached-1.0]#
6.3
,在
cacti
界面导入
memcache
模板文件
将解压缩的cacti_memcached_host_template.xml文件copy到本地E:\u\memcache,然后进入“console”。再进入“Import Templates”。再进入“选择文件”,选择E:\u\memcache下的cacti_memcached_host_template.xml文件。然后点击右下角的“Import”button。
导入完后,会在Graph Templates看到memcache的6项监控服务,例如以下图所看到的:
6.4
,在界面加入
memcache
主机服务
进入“Devices”,点击右上角的“Add”button, 填写主机名称和主机ip地址,在“Host Template”下拉框里面选择“Memcached Server”选项,点击右下角的“Save”button创建memcache服务主机,例如以下图所看到的。
6.5
。给
memcache
主机加入监控图
选择“Devices”,点击主机名称连接“xx.xx_memcache”,在新的界面中,点击右上角的“Create Graphs for this Host”,然后在新的页面中选择6个Memcache监控选项,点击右下角的“Create”button,就创建好了memcache监控图。例如以下图所看到的:
6.6
。查看
memcache
监控图
选择“monitor”,再选择右边的“Tree View”,再选择左边的memcache主机名称,就会在右边出现6个监控图,例如以下所看到的:
(1) Memcached – Bytes Used
(2)Memcached – Cache Hits and Misses
(3)Memcached – Current Connections
(4)Memcached – Items Cached
(5)Memcached – Network Traffic (bits/sec)
(6)Memcached – Requests/sec (get/set)
以上设置仅仅是针对默认port11211。可是当你的port不是11211,而是其它的port,比方我的是12000。这种话你就要对你的cacti的data source做下小更改了。操作例如以下:
Console—Data Input Methods–Memcached – Statistics
找到Input String的值python /scripts/memcached.py
更改成:python /scripts/memcached.py –p 12000
假设你是其它port的,仅仅要将port号更改成其它的值就能够了!
6.7
。遇到的问题总结
(1)有图出不来数据,显示为nan值。问题出在。没有安装 python-memcached-latest.tar.gz插件导致。安装完插件后,重新启动cacti服务,图上的数据显示出来了。
(2)网卡监控流量选项选择不了。报错: This data query returned 0 rows, perhaps there was a problem executing this data query. You can run this data query in debug mode to get more information.
解决方式例如以下:
a。第一种
打开默认的/etc/snmp/snmpd.conf文件,更改例如以下配置:
1、查找下面字段:
sec.name source community
com2sec notConfigUser default public
将“comunity”字段改为你要设置的password.比方“public”.
2、查找下面字段:
# Finally, grant the group read-only access to the systemview view.
# group context sec.model sec.level prefix read write notif
access notConfigGroup “” any noauth exact all none none
将”systemview”字段改为all.
3、查找下面字段:
# incl/excl subtree mask
#view all included .1 80
将该行前面的”#”去掉.
然后重新启动snmpd服务,就OK了。
b,另外另一种办法例如以下:
例如以下:
编辑linux主机下的/etc/snmp/snmpd.conf文件
找到62行:
access notConfigGroup “” any noauth exact systemview none none
改动成:(假设有#号。把#号去掉)
access notConfigGroup “” any noauth exact mib2 none none
找到89行,把改行的#去掉:
#view mib2 included .iso.org.dod.internet.mgmt.mib-2 fc
改动成:
view mib2 included .iso.org.dod.internet.mgmt.mib-2 fc
重起snmpd服务,service snmpd restart
參考文章地址:
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