50分钟学会Laravel 50个小技巧(基于laravel5.2，仅供参考)

转载请注明：转载自 Yuansir-web菜鸟 | LAMP学习笔记

本文链接地址: 50分钟学会Laravel 50个小技巧

原文链接：《 50 Laravel Tricks in 50 Minutes by willroth 》
Eloquent
1.Automatic model validation

    class Post extends Eloquent
    {

        public static $autoValidate = true;
        protected static $rules = array();
     
        protected static function boot()
        {

            parent::boot();
            // You can also replace this with static::creating or static::updating
            static::saving(function ($model) {

                if($model::$autoValidate) {

     
                    return $model->validate();
                }
            });
        }
     
        public function validate() { }
    }

2.Prevent updating

    class Post extends Eloquent
     
    {

        protected static function boot()
        {

            parent::boot();
            static::updating(function ($model) {

                return false;
            });
        }
    }

3.Conditional relationships

    class myModel extents Model
    {

         public function category()
         {

             return $this->belongsTo(‘myCategoryModel’, ‘categories_id’)->where(‘users_id’, Auth::user()->id);
         }
    }

4.Expressive where syntax

$products = Product::where(‘category’, ‘=’, 3)->get();
$products = Product::where(‘category’, 3)->get();
$products = Product::whereCategory(3)->get();

5.Query builder:having raw

SELECT *, COUNT(*) FROM products GROUP BY category_id HAVING count(*) > 1;

DB::table(‘products’)
    ->select(‘*’, DB::raw(‘COUNT(*) as products_count’))
    ->groupBy(‘category_id’)
    ->having(‘products_count’, ‘>’, 1)
    ->get();
Product::groupBy(‘category_id’)->havingRaw(‘COUNT(*) > 1’)->get();

6.Simple date filtering

$q->whereDate(‘created_at’, date(‘Y-m-d’));
$q->whereDay(‘created_at’, date(‘d’));
$q->whereMonth(‘created_at’, date(‘m’));
$q->whereYear(‘created_at’, date(‘Y’));

7.Save options

    //src/Illuminate/Database/Eloquent/Model.php
    public function save(array $options = array());
     
     //src/Illuminate/Database/Eloquent/Model.php
    protected function performUpdate(Builder $query, array $options = [])
    {

        if($this->timestamps && array_get($options, ‘timestamps’, true)) {

            $this->updateTimestamps();
        }
     
     
        $product = Product::find($id);
        $product->updated_at = ‘2015 -01-01 10:00:00’;
        $product->save([‘timestamps’ => false]);

8.Multilingual support

    // database/migrations/create_articles_table.php
    public function up()
    {

        Schema::create(‘articles’, function (Blueprint $table) {

            $table->increments(‘id’);
            $table->boolean(‘online’);
            $table->timestamps();
        });
    }
     
    //database/migrations/create_articles_table.php
    public function up()
    {

        $table->increments(‘id’);
        $table->integer(‘article_id’)->unsigned();
        $table->string(‘locale’)->index();
        $table->string(‘name’);
        $table->text(‘text’);
        $table->unique([‘article_id’, ‘locale’]);
        $table->foreign(‘article_id’)->references(‘id’)->on(‘articles’)->onDelete(‘cascade’);
     
    }
     
    // app/Article.php
    class Article extends Model
    {

        use \Dimsav\Translatable\Translatable;
        public $translatedAttributes = [‘name’, ‘text’];
    }
     
    // app/ArticleTranslation.php
    class ArticleTranslation extends Model
    {

        public $timestamps = false;
    }
     
    // app/http/routes.php
     
    Route::get(‘{locale}’, function ($locale) {

        app()->setLocale($locale);
        $article = Article::first();
        return view(‘article’)->with(compact(‘article’));
    });
     
    // resources/views/article.blade.php
     
    <h1>{
{ $article->name }}</h1>
     
    {
{ $article->text }}

9.Retrieve random rows

$questions = Question::orderByRaw(‘RAND()’)->take(10)->get();

10.uuid model primary key

    use Ramsey\Uuid\Uuid;
     trait UUIDModel
     {

         public $incrementing = false;
         protected static function boot()
         {

             parent::boot();
             static::creating(function ($model) {

                 $key = $model->getKeyName();
                 if(empty($model->{$key})) {

                     $model->{$key} = (string)$model->generateNewId();
                 }
             });
         }
     
         public function generateNewUuid()
         {

             return Uuid::uuid4();
         }
     }

11.Ordered relationships

class Category extends Model
 {

     public function products()
     {

         return $this->hasMany(‘App\Product’)->orderBy(‘name’);
     }
 }

12.Simple incrementing & Decrementing

    $customer = Customer::find($customer_id);
    $loyalty_points = $customer->loyalty_points + 50;
    $customer->update([‘loyalty_points’ => $loyalty_points]);
     
    // adds one loyalty point
     
    Customer::find($customer_id)->increment(‘loyalty_points’, 50);
    // subtracts one loyalty point
     
    Customer::find($customer_id)->decrement(‘loyalty_points’, 50);

13.List with mutations

    $employees = Employee::where(‘branch_id’, 9)->lists(‘name’, ‘id’);
    return view(‘customers . create’, compact(’employees’));
     
     {!! Form::select(’employee_id’, $employees, ”) !!}
     
     public function getFullNameAttribute() {
         return $this->name . ‘ ‘ . $this->surname;
     }
     
     
     [2015-07-19 21:47:19] local.ERROR: exception ‘PDOException’ with message ‘SQLSTATE[42S22]: Column not found:
     1054 Unknown column ‘full_name’ in ‘field list” in
     …vendor\laravel\framework\src\Illuminate\Database\Connection.php:288
     
     
    $employees = Employee::where(‘branch_id’, 9)->get()->lists(‘full_name’, ‘id’);

14.Appending mutated properties

    function getFullNameAttribute()
    {

        return $this->first_name . ‘ ‘ . $this->last_name;
    }
     
     
    {

        “id”:1,
        “first_name”:”Povilas”,
        “last_name”:”Korop”,
        “email”:”[email protected]

“, “created_at”:”2015-06-19 08:16:58″, “updated_at”:”2015-06-19 19:48:09″ } class User extends Model { protected $appends = [‘full_name’]; { “id”:1, “first_name”:”Povilas”, “last_name”:”Korop”, “email”:” [email protected]

“, “created_at”:”2015-06-19 08:16:58″, “updated_at”:”2015-06-19 19:48:09″, “full_name”:”Povilas Korop” }
15.Filter only rows with child rows

    class Category extends Model
    {

        public function products()
        {

            return $this->hasMany(‘App\Product’);
        }
    }
     
    public function getIndex()
    {

        $categories = Category::with(‘products’)->has(‘products’)->get();
        return view(‘categories.index’, compact(‘categories’));
    }

16.Return relations on model save

    public function store()
    {

        $post = new Post;
        $post->fill(Input::all());
        $post->user_id = Auth::user()->user_id;
        $post->user;
        return $post->save();
     }

Blade
17.Dynamic with

    // eloquent
    Post::whereSlug(‘slug’)->get();
     
    // instead of
    View::make(‘posts.index’)->with(‘posts’, $posts);
     
    // do this
    View::make(‘posts.index’)->withPosts($posts);

18.First/last array element

//hide all but the first item

@foreach ($menu as $item)

<div @if ($item != reset($menu)) class=”hidden” @endif>

<h2>{
{ $item->title }}</h2>

     </div>

 
@endforeach

 //apply css to last item only

 @foreach ($menu as $item)

<div @if ($item == end($menu)) class=”no_margin” @endif>

<h2>{
{ $item->title }}</h2>

 </div>

 
@endforeach

Collections
19.Arrays as collections

    $devs = [
        [‘name’ => ‘Anouar Abdessalam’, ’email’ => ‘[email protected]

‘], [‘name’ => ‘Bilal Ararou’, ’email’ => ‘[email protected]’] ]; $devs = new Illuminate\Support\Collection($devs); $devs->first(); $devs->last(); $devs->push([‘name’ => ‘xroot’, ’email’ => ‘ [email protected]

‘]);
20.Collection filters

    $customers = Customer::all();
    $us_customers = $customers->filter(function ($customer) {

        return $customer->country == ‘United States’;
    });
     
    $non_uk_customers = $customers->reject(function ($customer) {

        return $customer->country == ‘United Kingdom’;
    });

21.find()

    //    returns a single row as a collection
    $collection = App\Person::find([1]);
     
    //    can return multiple rows as a collection
    $collection = App\Person::find([1, 2, 3]);

22.where()

$collection = App\Person::all();
$programmers = $collection->where(‘type’, ‘programmer’);
$critic = $collection->where(‘type’, ‘critic’);
$engineer = $collection->where(‘type’, ‘engineer’);

23.implode()

$collection = App\Person::all();
$names = $collection->implode(‘first_name’, ‘,’);

24.where() & list()

    // returns a collection of first names
     
    $collection = App\Person::all()->where(‘type’, ‘engineer’)->lists(‘first_name’);
     
    // returns all the meta records for user 1
    $collection = App\WP_Meta::whereUserId(1)->get();
     
    // returns the first & last name meta values
     
    $first_name = $collection->where(‘meta_key’, ‘first_name’)->lists(‘value’)[0];
    $last_name = $collection->where(‘meta_key’, ‘last_name’)->lists(‘value’)[0];

25.order belongs-to-many by pivot table

    class Link extends Model
     
     {

         public function users()
         {

             return $this->belongsToMany(‘Phpleaks\User’)->withTimestamps();
         }
     }
     
     
    @if ($link->users->count() > 0)
    <strong>Recently Favorited By</strong>
     @foreach ($link->users()->orderBy(‘link_user.created_at’, ‘desc’)->take(15)->get() as $user)
     
     
            <a href=”{
{ URL::Route(‘user.show’, array(‘id’ => $user->id)) }}”>{
{ $user->name }}</a>
         
     
     @endforeach
    @endif

26.sorting with closures

    $collection = collect([
        [‘name’ => ‘Desk’],
        [‘name’ => ‘Chair’],
        [‘name’ => ‘Bookcase’]
    ]);
     
    $sorted = $collection->sortBy(function ($product, $key) {

        return array_search($product[‘name’], [1 => ‘Bookcase’, 2 => ‘Desk’, 3 => ‘Chair’]);
    });

27.keying arrays

    $library = $books->keyBy(‘title’);
     
    [
        ‘Lean Startup’ => [‘title’ => ‘Lean Startup’, ‘price’ => 10],
        ‘The One Thing’ => [‘title’ => ‘The One Thing’, ‘price’ => 15],
        ‘Laravel: Code Bright’ => [‘title’ => ‘Laravel: Code Bright’, ‘price’ => 20],
        ‘The 4-Hour Work Week’ => [‘title’ => ‘The 4-Hour Work Week’, ‘price’ => 5],
    ]

28.grouped collections

$collection = App\Person::all();
$grouped = $collection->groupBy(‘type’);

29.collection unions

    // the point is to actually combine results from different models
    $programmers = \App\Person::where(‘type’, ‘programmer’)->get();
    $critic = \App\Person::where(‘type’, ‘critic’)->get();
    $engineer = \App\Person::where(‘type’, ‘engineer’)->get();
     
    $collection = new Collection;
     
    $all = $collection->merge($programmers)->merge($critic)->merge($engineer);

30.collection lookaheads

    $collection = collect([1 => 11, 5 => 13, 12 => 14, 21 => 15])->getCachingIterator();
    foreach ($collection as $key => $value) {

        dump($collection->current() . ‘:’ . $collection->getInnerIterator()->current());
    }

Routing
31.nested route groups

    Route::group([‘prefix’ => ‘account’, ‘as’ => ‘account.’], function () {

     
        Route::get(‘login’, [‘as’ => ‘login’, ‘uses’ => ‘AccountController@getLogin’]);
        Route::get(‘register’, [‘as’ => ‘register’, ‘uses’ => ‘AccountController@getRegister’]);
     
        Route::group([‘middleware’ => ‘auth’], function () {

            Route::get(‘edit’, [‘as’ => ‘edit’, ‘uses’ => ‘AccountController@getEdit’]);
        });
     
    });
     
    <a href=”{
{ route(‘account.login’) }}”>Login</a>
    <a href=”{
{ route(‘account.register’) }}”>Register</a>
    <a href=”{
{ route(‘account.edit’) }}”>Edit Account</a>

32.catch-all view route

    // app/Http/routes.php
     
    Route::group([‘middleware’ => ‘auth’], function () {

        Route::get(‘{view}’, function ($view) {

            try {

                return view($view);
            } catch (\Exception $e) {

                abort(404);
            }
        })->where(‘view’, ‘.*’);
    });

33.internal dispatch

    // api controller
     
    public function show(Car $car)
    {

        if(Input::has(‘fields’)) {

            // do something
        }
    }
     
    // internal request to api – fields are lost
     
    $request = Request::create(‘/api/cars/’ . $id . ‘?fields=id,color’, ‘GET’);
    $response = json_decode(Route::dispatch($request)->getContent());
     
    // internal request to api – with fields $originalInput = Request::input();
     
    $request = Request::create(‘/api/cars/’ . $id . ‘?fields=id,color’, ‘GET’);
    Request::replace($request->input());
    $response = json_decode(Route::dispatch($request)->getContent());
    Request::replace($originalInput);

Testing
34.evironmental varlables

// phpunit.xml

<php>
    <env name=”APP_ENV” value=”testing”/>
    <env name=”CACHE_DRIVER” value=”array”/>
    <env name=”SESSION_DRIVER” value=”array”/>
    <env name=”QUEUE_DRIVER” value=”sync”/>
    <env name=”DB_DATABASE” value=”:memory:”/>
    <env name=”DB_CONNECTION” value=”sqlite”/>
    <env name=”TWILIO_FROM_NUMBER” value=”+15005550006″/>
</php>

//    .env.test – add to .gitignore
TWILIO_ACCOUNT_SID = fillmein
TWILIO_ACCOUNT_TOKEN = fillmein

//    access directly from your tests using helper function
env(‘TWILIO_ACCOUNT_TOKEN’);

 // tests/TestCase.php <?php class TestCase extends Illuminate\Foundation\Testing\TestCase { /** * The base URL to use while testing the application. * * @var string */ protected $baseUrl = ‘http://localhost’; /** * Creates the application. * * @return \Illuminate\Foundation\Application */ public function createApplication() { $app = require __DIR__ . ‘/../bootstrap/app.php’; if(file_exists(dirname(__DIR__) . ‘/.env.test’)) { Dotenv::load(dirname(__DIR__), ‘.env.test’); } $app->make(Illuminate\Contracts\Console\Kernel::class)->bootstrap();
         return $app;
     }
 }

35.run tests automatically

    // gulpfile.js
     
     var elixir = require(‘laravel-elixir’);
     
     mix.phpUnit();
     
     $ gulp tdd

36.share cookie between domains

    // app/Http/Middleware/EncryptCookies.php
    protected $except = [
        ‘shared_cookie’
     
    ];
     
    Cookie::queue(‘shared_cookie’, ‘my_shared_value’, 10080, null, ‘.example.com’);

37.Easy model & migrations stubs

$ artisan make:model Books -m

38.add spark to existing project

$ composer require genealabs/laravel-sparkinstaller –dev

 Laravel\Spark\Providers\SparkServiceProvider::class, GeneaLabs\LaravelSparkInstaller\Providers\LaravelSparkInstallerServiceProvider::class,

 //    do not run php artisan spark:install
 $ php artisan spark:upgrade

 //    backup /resources/views/home.blade.php or it will be overwritten
 $ php artisan vendor:publish –tag=spark-full

39.customize the default error page

<?php namespace App\Exceptions; use Exception; use Illuminate\Foundation\Exceptions\Handler as ExceptionHandler; use Symfony\Component\Debug\ExceptionHandler as SymfonyDisplayer; class Handler extends ExceptionHandler { protected function convertExceptionToResponse(Exception $e) { $debug = config(‘app.debug’, false); if($debug) { return (new SymfonyDisplayer($debug))->createResponse($e);
        }

        return response()->view(‘errors.default’, [‘exception’ => $e], 500);
    }
}

40.conditional service providers

    // app/Providers/AppServiceProvider.php
    public function register()
    {

        $this->app->bind(‘Illuminate\Contracts\Auth\Registrar’, ‘App\Services\Registrar’);
     
        if($this->app->environment(‘production’)) {

            $this->app->register(‘App\Providers\ProductionErrorHandlerServiceProvider’);
        } else {

            $this->app->register(‘App\Providers\VerboseErrorHandlerServiceProvider’);
        }
    }

43.extending the application

    //    bootstrap/app.php
     
    //    replace this:
    $app = new Illuminate\Foundation\Application(realpath(__DIR__ . ‘/../’));
     
    // with this:
    $app = new Fantabulous\Application(realpath(__DIR__ . ‘/../’));
     
    <?php namespace Fantabulous; class Application extends \Illuminate\Foundation\Application { /** * Get the path to the storage directory. * * @return string */ public function storagePath() { return $this->basePath . ‘/FantabulousStorage’;
        }
    }

44.simple chching microservice

    class fakeApiCaller
     {

         public function getResultsForPath($path)
         {

             return [
                 ‘status’ => 200,
                 ‘body’ => json_encode([
                     ‘title’ => “Results for path [$path]”
                 ]),
                 ‘headers’ => [
                     “Content-Type” => “application/json”
                 ]
             ];
         }
     }
     
     $app->get(‘{path?}’, function ($path) {

         $result = Cache::remember($path, 60, function () use ($path) {

             return (new fakeApiCaller)->getResultsForPath($path);
         });
     
         return response($result[‘body’], $result[‘status’], array_only($result[‘headers’], [
                 ‘Content-Type’,
                 ‘X-Pagination’
             ]));
     })->where(‘path’, ‘.*’);

45.use bleeding edge version

    $ composer create – project laravel / laravel your-project-name-here dev-develop
     
     // composer.json
     {

         “require”: {

         “php”: “>=5.5.9”, “laravel/framework”: “5.2.*”
        },
        “minimum-stability”: “dev”
     }
     
    $ composer update

46.capture queries

    Event::listen(‘illuminate.query’, function ($query) {

        var_dump($query);
     
    });
     
     
    \DB::listen(function ($query, $bindings, $time) {

        var_dump($query);
     
        var_dump($bindings);
        var_dump($time);
     
    });

47.authorization without models

    //    app/Policies/AdminPolicy.php
    class AdminPolicy
    {

        public function managePages($user)
        {

            return $user->hasRole([‘Administrator’, ‘Content Editor’]);
        }
    }
     
    //    app/Providers/AuthServiceProvider.php
     
    public function boot(\Illuminate\Contracts\Auth\Access\GateContract $gate)
    {

        foreach (get_class_methods(new \App\Policies\AdminPolicy) as $method) {

            $gate->define($method, “App\Policies\AdminPolicy@{$method}”);
        }
        $this->registerPolicies($gate);
    }
     
     
    $this->authorize(‘managePages’); // in Controllers
    @can(‘managePages’) // in Blade Templates
    $user->can(‘managePages’); // via Eloquent

48.efficient file transfer with streams

$disk = Storage::disk(‘s3’);

$disk->put($targetFile, file_get_contents($sourceFile));

$disk = Storage::disk(‘s3’);
$disk->put($targetFile, fopen($sourceFile, ‘r+’));

$disk = Storage::disk(‘s3’);

$stream = $disk->getDriver()->readStream($sourceFileOnS3);
file_put_contents($targetFile, stream_get_contents($stream), FILE_APPEND);

$stream = Storage::disk(‘s3’)->getDriver()->readStream($sourceFile);
Storage::disk(‘sftp’)->put($targetFile, $stream)

49.avoid overflowing log files

    $schedule->call(function () {

        Storage::delete($logfile);
    })->weekly();

50.pipeling

    $result = (new Illuminate\Pipeline\Pipeline($container)
        ->send($something)
        ->through(‘ClassOne’, ‘ClassTwo’, ‘ClassThree’)
        ->then(function ($something) {

            return ‘foo’;
        });

51.command handler dispatch

    class PurchasePodcastCommand extends Command
    {

        public $user;
        public $podcast;
        public function __construct(User $user, Podcast $podcast)
        {

            $this->user = $user;
            $this->podcast = $podcast;
        }
    }
     
    class PurchasePodcastCommandHandler
    {

        public function handle(BillingGateway $billing)
        {

            // Handle the logic to purchase the podcast…
     
            event(new PodcastWasPurchased($this->user, $this->podcast));
        }
    }
     
    class PodcastController extends Controller
    {

        public function purchasePodcastCommand($podcastId)
        {

            $this->dispatch(
                new PurchasePodcast(Auth::user(), Podcast::findOrFail($podcastId))
            );
        }
    }

52.self handling commands

    class PurchasePodcast extends Command implements SelfHandling
    {

        protected $user;
        protected $podcast;
     
        public function __construct(User $user, Podcast $podcast)
        {

            $this->user = $user;
            $this->podcast = $podcast;
        }
     
        public function handle(BillingGateway $billing)
        {

            // Handle the logic to purchase the podcast…
     
            event(new PodcastWasPurchased($this->user, $this->podcast));
        }
     
    }
     
    class PodcastController extends Controller
    {

        public function purchasePodcast($podcastId)
        {

            $this->dispatch(
                new PurchasePodcast(Auth::user(), Podcast::findOrFail($podcastId))
            );
        }
    }

53.automatic dispatch from requests

class PodcastController extends Controller
{

    public function purchasePodcast(PurchasePodcastRequest $request)
    {

        $this->dispatchFrom(‘Fantabulous\Commands\PurchasePodcastCommand’, $request);
    }

}

class PodcastController extends Controller
{

    public function purchasePodcast(PurchasePodcastRequest $request)
    {

        $this->dispatchFrom(‘Fantabulous\Commands\PurchasePodcastCommand’, $request, [
            ‘firstName’ => ‘Taylor’,
        ]);
    }
}

54.queued commands

    class PurchasePodcast extends Command implements ShouldBeQueued, SerializesModels
    {

        public $user;
        public $podcast;
     
        public function __construct(User $user, Podcast $podcast)
        {

            $this->user = $user;
            $this->podcast = $podcast;
        }
    }

55.commands pipeline

    // App\Providers\BusServiceProvider::boot
    $dispatcher->pipeThrough([‘UseDatabaseTransactions’, ‘LogCommand’]);
     
    class UseDatabaseTransactions
    {

        public function handle($command, $next)
        {

            return DB::transaction(function () use ($command, $next) {

                return $next($command);
            });
        }
    }
     
     
    // App\Providers\BusServiceProvider::boot
    $dispatcher->pipeThrough([
        function ($command, $next) {

            return DB::transaction(function () use ($command, $next) {

                return $next($command);
            });
        }
    ]);

Laravel 5.2
56.implicit model binding

    // app/http/routes.php
     
    Route::get(‘/api/posts/{post}’, function (Post $post) {

        return $post;
    });
     
    // behind the scenes
    Post::findOrFail($post);

57.append scheduler autput to a file

$schedule->command(’emails:send’)->hourly()->appendOutputTo($filePath);

58.collections wildcard

// returns titles for all posts

$titles = $posts->pluck(‘posts .*.title’);

59.formarray validation

<input type=”text” name=”person[1][id]”>
     <input type=”text” name=”person[1][name]”>

    <input type=”text” name=”person[2][id]”> <input type=”text” name=”person[2][name]”>

$v = Validator:: make($request->all(), [
    ‘person.*.id’ => ‘exists:users.id’,
    ‘person.*.name’ => ‘required:string’,

]);

60.easily clear user sessions

// included in database session driver
user_id
ip_address

转载请注明：转载自 Yuansir-web菜鸟 | LAMP学习笔记

原文：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_15766181/article/details/71082129