LAMP架构升级版–LNMMP 2014-04-27 23:01:27
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简介
LNMMP=Linux+Nginx+MySQL+Memcache+PHP;
利用Nginx的高性能特点做前端反向代理服务器,分发用户请求,并在能够利用缓存的地方使用Memcache缓存服务,以加速缓存效率,具体架构图如下;
具体部署
代理层:Nginx
编译安装Nginx
yum install gcc openssl-devel pcre-devel zlib-devel groupadd -r nginx useradd -r -g nginx -M nginx ./configure \ --prefix=/usr/local/nginx \ --sbin-path=/usr/sbin/nginx \ --conf-path=/etc/nginx/nginx.conf \ --error-log-path=/var/log/nginx/error.log \ --http-log-path=/var/log/nginx/access.log \ --pid-path=/var/run/nginx/nginx.pid \ --lock-path=/var/lock/nginx.lock \ --user=nginx \ --group=nginx \ --with-http_ssl_module \ --with-http_flv_module \ --with-http_stub_status_module \ --with-http_gzip_static_module \ --http-client-body-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/client/ \ --http-proxy-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/proxy/ \ --http-fastcgi-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/fcgi/ \ --http-uwsgi-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/uwsgi \ --http-scgi-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/scgi \ --with-pcre make && make install vi /etc/init.d/nginx # 编辑服务脚本 #!/bin/sh # # nginx - this script starts and stops the nginx daemon # # chkconfig: - 85 15 # description: Nginx is an HTTP(S) server, HTTP(S) reverse \ # proxy and IMAP/POP3 proxy server # processname: nginx # config: /etc/nginx/nginx.conf # config: /etc/sysconfig/nginx # pidfile: /var/run/nginx.pid # Source function library. . /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions # Source networking configuration. . /etc/sysconfig/network # Check that networking is up. [ "$NETWORKING" = "no" ] && exit 0 nginx="/usr/sbin/nginx" prog=$(basename $nginx) NGINX_CONF_FILE="/etc/nginx/nginx.conf" [ -f /etc/sysconfig/nginx ] && . /etc/sysconfig/nginx lockfile=/var/lock/subsys/nginx make_dirs() { # make required directories user=`nginx -V 2>&1 | grep "configure arguments:" | sed 's/[^*]*--user=\([^ ]*\).*//g' -` options=`$nginx -V 2>&1 | grep 'configure arguments:'` for opt in $options; do if [ `echo $opt | grep '.*-temp-path'` ]; then value=`echo $opt | cut -d "=" -f 2` if [ ! -d "$value" ]; then # echo "creating" $value mkdir -p $value && chown -R $user $value fi fi done } start() { [ -x $nginx ] || exit 5 [ -f $NGINX_CONF_FILE ] || exit 6 make_dirs echo -n $"Starting $prog: " daemon $nginx -c $NGINX_CONF_FILE retval=$? echo [ $retval -eq 0 ] && touch $lockfile return $retval } stop() { echo -n $"Stopping $prog: " killproc $prog -QUIT retval=$? echo [ $retval -eq 0 ] && rm -f $lockfile return $retval } restart() { configtest || return $? stop sleep 1 start } reload() { configtest || return $? echo -n $"Reloading $prog: " killproc $nginx -HUP RETVAL=$? echo } force_reload() { restart } configtest() { $nginx -t -c $NGINX_CONF_FILE } rh_status() { status $prog } rh_status_q() { rh_status >/dev/null 2>&1 } case "$1" in start) rh_status_q && exit 0 $1 ;; stop) rh_status_q || exit 0 $1 ;; restart|configtest) $1 ;; reload) rh_status_q || exit 7 $1 ;; force-reload) force_reload ;; status) rh_status ;; condrestart|try-restart) rh_status_q || exit 0 ;; *) echo $"Usage: $0 {start|stop|status|restart|condrestart|try-restart|reload|force-reload|configtest}" exit 2 esac
配置Nginx
upstream memcached { server 172.16.25.111:11211; keepalive 1024; } upstream webserver { server 172.16.25.112:80; server 172.16.25.113:80; } upstream phpserver { server 172.16.25.112:9000; server 172.16.25.113:9000; } server { listen 80; server_name xxrenzhe.lnmmp.com; access_log /var/log/nginx/lnmmp.access.log; error_log /var/log/nginx/lnmmp.errors.log notice; root /www/lnmmp.com; index index.php index.html; location / { set $memcached_key $request_uri; add_header X-mem-key $memcached_key; memcached_pass memcached; default_type test/html; error_page 404 500 502 504 = @webnocache; } location @webnocache { rewrite ^(\/)?$ /index.php last; # 配置直接访问域名或IP地址时,重定向至index.php文件 rewrite ^/.*$ /set_mem.php?$request_uri last; # 将静态访问重定向至后端set_mem.php,以实现set memcache的功能 proxy_pass http://webserver; } location ~* \.php(\?.*)?$ { fastcgi_pass phpserver; fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name; include fastcgi_params; }
启动服务
chmod +x /etc/init.d/nginx chkconfig --add nginx chkconfig nginx on service nginx start
缓存层:Memcache+NFS
安装配置memcache
# 安装libevent tar xf libevent-2.0.21-stable.tar.gz cd libevent-2.0.21 ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/libevent make && make install echo "/usr/local/libevent/lib" > /etc/ld.so.conf.d/libevent.conf ldconfig # 安装memcache tar xf memcached-1.4.15.tar.gz cd memcached-1.4.15 ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/memcached --with-libevent=/usr/local/libevent make && make install # 编辑服务脚本 # 一次启动了2个memcache实例,一个用于Nginx,一个用于后端PHP服务 vi /etc/init.d/memcached #!/bin/bash # # Init file for memcached # # chkconfig: - 86 14 # description: Distributed memory caching daemon # # processname: memcached # config: /etc/sysconfig/memcached . /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions ## Default variables PORT1="11211" PORT2="11311" USER="nobody" MAXCONN="1024" CACHESIZE="64" OPTIONS="" RETVAL=0 prog="/usr/local/memcached/bin/memcached" desc="Distributed memory caching" lockfile1="/var/lock/subsys/memcached_$PORT1" lockfile2="/var/lock/subsys/memcached_$PORT2" start() { echo -n $"Starting $desc (memcached): " daemon $prog -d -p $PORT1 -u $USER -c $MAXCONN -m $CACHESIZE -o "$OPTIONS" daemon $prog -d -p $PORT2 -u $USER -c $MAXCONN -m $CACHESIZE -o "$OPTIONS" RETVAL=$? [ $RETVAL -eq 0 ] && success && touch $lockfile1 && touch $lockfile2 || failure echo return $RETVAL } stop() { echo -n $"Shutting down $desc (memcached): " killproc $prog RETVAL=$? [ $RETVAL -eq 0 ] && success && rm -f $lockfile1 && rm -f $lockfile2 | failure echo return $RETVAL } restart() { stop start } reload() { echo -n $"Reloading $desc ($prog): " killproc $prog -HUP RETVAL=$? [ $RETVAL -eq 0 ] && success || failure echo return $RETVAL } case "$1" in start) start ;; stop) stop ;; restart) restart ;; condrestart) [ -e $lockfile1 ] && [ -e $lockfile1 ] && restart RETVAL=$? ;; reload) reload ;; status) status $prog RETVAL=$? ;; *) echo $"Usage: $0 {start|stop|restart|condrestart|status}" RETVAL=1 esac exit $RETVAL
启动memcache服务
chmod +x /etc/init.d/memcached chkconfig --add memcached chkconfig memcached on service memcached start
安装配置NFS
yum -y install nfs-utils vi /etc/exports /www/lnmmp.com 172.16.0.0/16(rw,no_root_squash) exportfs -ar # 导出NFS共享目录 cd /www/lnmmp.com unzip phpwind_v9.0_utf8.zip mv phpwind_v9.0_utf8/upload/* . chmod -R 777 p_w_upload conf data html res src themes windid
Web层:Apache
Apache的安装见博客“httpd-2.4编译安装及新特性详解”;
PHP-fpm的安装见博客“LAMP-PHP-fpm服务器配置”;
PHP加速器opcache的安装配置见博客“LAMP-各PHP加速器性能剖析”;
配置PHP支持memcache
tar xf memcache-2.2.5.tgz cd memcache-2.2.5 /usr/local/php/bin/phpize ./configure --with-php-config=/usr/local/php/bin/php-config --enable-memcache make && make install # 上述安装完后会有类似这样的提示: Installing shared extensions: /usr/local/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20090626/ vi /usr/local/php/lib/php.ini # 配置memcache模块位置及php会话保存至memcache中 extension=/usr/local/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20090626/memcache.so session.save_handler = memcache session.save_path = "tcp://172.16.25.111:11311" # 自定义set memcache的程序 vi /www/lnmmp.com/set_mem.php <?php $fn = dirname(__FILE__).$_SERVER['QUERY_STRING']; if (file_exists($fn)) { $data = file_get_contents($fn); $mem = new Memcache(); $mem->connect("172.16.25.111",11311) or die("Could not connect"); $mem->set($_SERVER['QUERY_STRING'],$data,0,600) or die("Failed to save data at the memcached server"); header('Content-Length: '.filesize($fn)."\r\n"); header('Content-Type: text/html'."\r\n"); header('X-cache: MISS'."\r\n"); print "$data"; } else { header('Location: http://xxrenzhe.lnmmp.com'."\r\n"); header('Content-Length: '.filesize($fn)."\r\n"); header('X-cache: '.$fn."\r\n"); } ?>
Apache配置
vi /etc/httpd/httpd.conf # DocumentRoot "/usr/local/apache/htdocs" # 注释掉此行 Include /etc/httpd/extra/httpd-vhosts.conf # 取消此行注释 vi /etc/httpd/extra/httpd-vhosts.conf <VirtualHost *:80> DocumentRoot "/www/lnmmp.com" ServerName xxrenzhe.lnmmp.com ErrorLog "logs/lnmmp.com-error_log" CustomLog "logs/lnmmp.com-access_log"common <Directory "/www/lnmmp.com"> Options Indexes FollowSymLinks AllowOverride None Require all granted </Directory> </VirtualHost>
NFS目录挂载
mount -t nfs 172.16.25.111:/www/lnmmp.com /www/lnmmp.com
服务启动
service httpd start service php-fpm start
数据库层:Ameoba+MariaDB
MariaDB的安装详见博客“MySQL初识-架构-安装-初始化-连接-管理工具-数据文件”;
MariaDB的主从复制架构配置见博客“Maria10实现主从复制架构及SSL复制”;
Ameoba安装见“http://docs.hexnova.com/amoeba/index.html”;
Ameoba实现读写分离见“http://docs.hexnova.com/amoeba/rw-splitting.html”
测试验证
Nginx利用memcache缓存小静态文件测试效果
Nginx利用memcache缓存大静态文件测试效果
PHP利用memcache保存session数据测试效果
本文出自 “小小忍者” 博客,请务必保留此出处http://xxrenzhe.blog.51cto.com/4036116/1403784
转载于:https://blog.51cto.com/maxsong/1579807
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