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本文介绍PhpSpreadsheet读写excel文件的一些使用方法。
简介
PhpSpreadsheet要求PHP 7.3及以上版本，是PHPExcel库的扩展版本，可用来读写xls、xlsx、CSV、HTML等格式文件。
| Format | Reading | Writing |
|---|---|---|
| Open Document Format/OASIS (.ods) | ✓ | ✓ |
| Office Open XML (.xlsx) Excel 2007 and above | ✓ | ✓ |
| BIFF 8 (.xls) Excel 97 and above | ✓ | ✓ |
| BIFF 5 (.xls) Excel 95 | ✓ | |
| SpreadsheetML (.xml) Excel 2003 | ✓ | |
| Gnumeric | ✓ | |
| HTML | ✓ | ✓ |
| SYLK | ✓ | |
| CSV | ✓ | ✓ |
| PDF (using either the TCPDF, Dompdf or mPDF libraries, which need to be installed separately) | ✓ |
PhpSpreadsheet安装方法可参考禅道二次开发（四）：集成PhpSpreadsheet解析Excel文件
下面来介绍PhpSpreadsheet读写excel格式文件方法。
写入excel文件
以写入Xlsx格式文件为例，
<?php
require 'vendor/autoload.php';
use PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Spreadsheet;
use PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Writer\Xlsx;
/* 写入excel */
$fileName = './test.xlsx';
$spreadsheet = new Spreadsheet();
$sheet = $spreadsheet->getActiveSheet();
$sheet->setCellValue('A1', 'Hello World !');
$sheet->setCellValue('C3', '你好 !');
$writer = new Xlsx($spreadsheet);
$writer->save($fileName);
?>
工作表默认样式
可以设置工作表默认样式，比如：
$spreadsheet->getDefaultStyle()->getFont()->setName('宋体'); // 字体
$spreadsheet->getDefaultStyle()->getFont()->setSize(8); // 字体大小
$spreadsheet->getDefaultStyle()->getAlignment()->setWrapText(true); // 自动换行
$spreadsheet->getDefaultStyle()->getAlignment()->setVertical(Alignment::VERTICAL_CENTER); //垂直居中
单元格样式
use PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Style\Alignment;
$spreadsheet->getActiveSheet()->getStyle('A1:D4')->getAlignment()->setWrapText(true); // 自动换行
$caseSpreadsheet->getActiveSheet()->getStyle('A1:D4')->getAlignment()->setVertical(Alignment::VERTICAL_CENTER); //垂直居中
单元格对齐方式包括水平对齐和垂直对齐：
// 水平对齐样式
HORIZONTAL_GENERA
HORIZONTAL_LEFT
HORIZONTAL_RIGHT
HORIZONTAL_CENTER
HORIZONTAL_CENTER_CONTINUOUS
HORIZONTAL_JUSTIFY
HORIZONTAL_FILL
HORIZONTAL_DISTRIBUTED // Excel2007 only
// 垂直对齐样式
VERTICAL_BOTTOM
VERTICAL_TOP
VERTICAL_CENTER
VERTICAL_JUSTIFY
VERTICAL_DISTRIBUTED // Excel2007 only
除了设置单元格的字体，还可以设置边框，填充颜色等样式信息。
比如设置单元格背景颜色：
$spreadsheet->getActiveSheet()->getStyle('E2')->getFill()
->setFillType(\PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Style\Fill::FILL_SOLID)
->getStartColor()->setARGB('FFFF0000');
// 多个单元格，如果设置多个单元格推荐此方法，性能更优。
$spreadsheet->getActiveSheet()->getStyle('B3:B7')->getFill()
->setFillType(\PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Style\Fill::FILL_SOLID)
->getStartColor()->setARGB('FFFF0000');
注意：颜色代码为ARGB，带了Alpha通道。
设置单元格高度，某一行高度：
$spreadsheet->getActiveSheet()->getRowDimension('10')->setRowHeight(100);
$spreadsheet->getActiveSheet()->getDefaultRowDimension()->setRowHeight(15); // 默认行高
设置某列：
// 设置列宽
$spreadsheet->getActiveSheet()
->getColumnDimension('A')
->setWidth(30);
// 自动列宽
$spreadsheet->getActiveSheet()
->getColumnDimension('A')
->setAutoSize(true);
// 默认列宽
$spreadsheet->getActiveSheet()
->getDefaultColumnDimension()
->setWidth(12);
单元格数据类型
use PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Cell\DataType;
$spreadsheet->getActiveSheet()->setCellValueExplicit("A1", "123", DataType::TYPE_STRING);
/* TYPE_STRING2 TYPE_STRING TYPE_FORMULA TYPE_NUMERIC TYPE_BOO TYPE_NULL TYPE_INLINE TYPE_ERROR */
数字添加引号前缀：
$spreadsheet->getActiveSheet()->setCellValueExplicit("A1", "123", DataType::TYPE_STRING);
$spreadsheet->getActiveSheet()->getStyle("A1")->setQuotePrefix(true);
// $spreadsheet->getActiveSheet()->getStyle("A1")->getNumberFormat()->setFormatCode(NumberFormat::FORMAT_TEXT);
设置数据有效性：
use PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Cell\DataValidation;
$objValidation = $spreadsheet->getActiveSheet()->getCell('C1')->getDataValidation(); // 设置数据有效性的单元格
$objValidation -> setType(DataValidation::TYPE_LIST)
-> setErrorStyle(DataValidation::STYLE_INFORMATION)
-> setAllowBlank(false)
-> setShowInputMessage(true)
-> setShowErrorMessage(true)
-> setShowDropDown(true)
-> setErrorTitle('错误提示')
-> setError('您输入的值有误')
-> setPromptTitle('结果')
-> setFormula1('"成功,失败"');
冻结单元格
$sheet = $spreadsheet->getActiveSheet();
$sheet->freezePane('A2'); // 冻结第一行
$sheet->freezePane('B1'); // 冻结第一列
$sheet->freezePane('B3'); // 冻结B3单元格
单元格条件格式
可以设置单元格的条件格式，可以对满足某个条件的单元格设置样式，比如设置大于80的单元格：
$conditional = new \PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Style\Conditional();
$conditional->setConditionType(\PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Style\Conditional::CONDITION_CELLIS);
$conditional->setOperatorType(\PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Style\Conditional::OPERATOR_GREATERTHAN);
$conditional->addCondition(80);
$conditional->getStyle()->getFont()->getColor()->setARGB(\PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Style\Color::COLOR_DARKGREEN);
$conditional->getStyle()->getFill()->setFillType(\PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Style\Fill::FILL_SOLID);
$conditional->getStyle()->getFill()->getStartColor()->setARGB(\PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Style\Color::COLOR_GREEN);
$conditionalStyles = $spreadsheet->getActiveSheet()->getStyle('A1:A10')->getConditionalStyles();
$conditionalStyles[] = $conditional;
$spreadsheet->getActiveSheet()->getStyle('A1:A10')->setConditionalStyles($conditionalStyles);
可以使用的条件及操作符：
// Condition types
CONDITION_NONE
CONDITION_CELLIS
CONDITION_CONTAINSTEXT
CONDITION_EXPRESSION
CONDITION_CONTAINSBLANKS
CONDITION_NOTCONTAINSBLANKS
CONDITION_DATABAR
CONDITION_NOTCONTAINSTEXT
// Operator types
OPERATOR_NONE
OPERATOR_BEGINSWITH
OPERATOR_ENDSWITH
OPERATOR_EQUA
OPERATOR_GREATERTHAN
OPERATOR_GREATERTHANOREQUAL
OPERATOR_LESSTHAN
OPERATOR_LESSTHANOREQUAL
OPERATOR_NOTEQUAL
OPERATOR_CONTAINSTEXT
OPERATOR_NOTCONTAINS
OPERATOR_BETWEEN
OPERATOR_NOTBETWEEN
写入图片
将图片写入某个单元格中：
$drawing = new \PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Worksheet\Drawing();
$drawing->setName('Logo');
$drawing->setDescription('Logo');
$drawing->setPath($diagramPath);
$drawing->setHeight(120);
$drawing->setCoordinates("D2");
$drawing->setOffsetX(0);
$drawing->setRotation(0);
$drawing->getShadow()->setVisible(true);
$drawing->getShadow()->setDirection(0);
$drawing->setWorksheet($spreadsheet->getActiveSheet());
设置超链接
给单元格设置超链接：
$spreadsheet->getActiveSheet()->getCell('B2')->getHyperlink()->setUrl("sheet://'Sheetname'!A1"); // 当前文档位置
$spreadsheet->getActiveSheet()->getCell('B2')->getHyperlink()->setUrl("https://www.baidu.com/"); // 外链地址
读取excel文件
下面介绍读取excel文件方法。
读取文本数据
<?php
require 'vendor/autoload.php';
use PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Spreadsheet;
use PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Writer\Xlsx;
/* 读取excel */
// $reader = new Xlsx();
// $spreadsheet = $reader->load($fileName);
$reader = IOFactory::createReader('Xlsx');
$spreadsheet = $reader->load($fileName);
// $reader->setReadDataOnly(true); // 设置后无法获取excel中的图片
$worksheet = $spreadsheet->getActiveSheet();
// $worksheet = $spreadsheet->getSheetByName('testcase');
// $rawCasedata = $worksheet->toArray();
$highestRow = $worksheet->getHighestRow(); // 取得总行数
$highestColumn = $worksheet->getHighestColumn(); // 取得总列数
$highestColumnIndex = Coordinate::columnIndexFromString($highestColumn); // 取得总列数
$excelData = [];
for ($row = 1; $row <= $highestRow; $row++) {
for ($col = 1; $col <= $highestColumnIndex; $col++) {
$excelData[$row][] = (string)$worksheet->getCellByColumnAndRow($col, $row)->getValue();
}
}
echo "<pre>";
print_r($excelData);
echo "</pre>";
?>
结果：
Array
(
[1] => Array
(
[0] => Hello World !
[1] =>
[2] =>
)
[2] => Array
(
[0] =>
[1] =>
[2] =>
)
[3] => Array
(
[0] =>
[1] =>
[2] => 你好 !
)
)
读取图片
读取Excel文件中的图片，支持png、gif和jpg格式图片：
<?php
require 'vendor/autoload.php';
use PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Spreadsheet;
use PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Writer\Xlsx;
use PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\IOFactory;
use PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Cell\Coordinate;
$fileName = './test.xlsx';
$reader = IOFactory::createReader('Xlsx');
$spreadsheet = $reader->load($fileName);
$worksheet = $spreadsheet->getActiveSheet();
/* 读取excel中的图片 */
$imgpath = './';
$imgArray = array();
foreach ($worksheet->getDrawingCollection() as $drawing) {
list($startColumn, $startRow) = Coordinate::coordinateFromString($drawing->getCoordinates());
print_r($startColumn);
print_r($startRow);
switch ($drawing->getExtension()) {
case 'jpeg':
$source = imagecreatefromjpeg($drawing->getPath());
$imgname = $imgpath . $drawing->getCoordinates() . '.jpg';
imagejpeg($source, $imgname);
break;
case 'png':
$source = imagecreatefrompng($drawing->getPath());
$imgname = $imgpath . $drawing->getCoordinates() . '.png';
imagepng($source, $imgname);
break;
default:
echo "Unsupported file type: " . $drawing->getExtension() . "\n";;
}
}
读取超链接
读取超链接：
$spreadsheet = $reader->load($fileName);
$worksheet = $spreadsheet->getActiveSheet();
$spreadsheet->getActiveSheet()->getCell('A1')->hasHyperlink(); // 判断是否有超链接
$url = $spreadsheet->getActiveSheet()->getCell('A1')->getHyperlink()->getUrl(); // 读取超链接
下载文件
在服务器上创建了excel文件后，可以将它下载到客户端。
// redirect output to client browser
header('Content-Type: application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet');
header("Content-Disposition: attachment;filename=$downloadFileName");
header('Cache-Control: max-age=0');
$writer = new PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Writer\Xlsx($spreadsheet);
$writer->save('php://output');
当然也可以下载已经生成的xlsx格式文件：
$FileName = basename($FilePath);
header("Content-type: application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet");
header("Content-Disposition: attachment; filename=$FileName");
header("Content-length: " . filesize($FilePath));
header("Pragma: no-cache");
header("Expires: 0");
readfile("$FilePath");
xls格式文件类型为：application/vnd.ms-excel 。
这里就介绍这么多了，PhpSpreadsheet的更多使用方法可参考官方文档：https://phpspreadsheet.readthedocs.io/en/latest/。
–THE END–
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