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说明

本文接在【Yocto】BitBake入门之镜像中的HelloWorld之后完成。

修改源代码

如果想要修改Poky项目中的源代码，可以依赖于devtool工具，这里以修改busybox为例。

首先创建workspace：

jw@X1C:~/code/poky/build$ devtool create-workspace
NOTE: Starting bitbake server...
jw@X1C:~/code/poky/build$ tree workspace/

workspace/
├── conf
│   └── layer.conf
└── README

1 directory, 2 files

使用devtool create-workspace除了创建上述的workspace，还会修改conf/bblayers.conf，它的作用是将workspace作为一个Layer添加到项目中：

jw@X1C:~/code/poky/build$ cat conf/bblayers.conf 
# POKY_BBLAYERS_CONF_VERSION is increased each time build/conf/bblayers.conf
# changes incompatibly
POKY_BBLAYERS_CONF_VERSION = "2"

BBPATH = "${TOPDIR}"
BBFILES ?= ""

BBLAYERS ?= " \ /home/jw/code/poky/meta \ /home/jw/code/poky/meta-poky \ /home/jw/code/poky/meta-yocto-bsp \ /home/jw/code/poky/meta-mylayer \ /home/jw/code/poky/build/workspace \ "

还可以通过bitbake-layers查看：

jw@X1C:~/code/poky/build$ bitbake-layers show-layers
NOTE: Starting bitbake server...
layer                 path                                      priority
==========================================================================
meta                  /home/jw/code/poky/meta                   5
meta-poky             /home/jw/code/poky/meta-poky              5
meta-yocto-bsp        /home/jw/code/poky/meta-yocto-bsp         5
meta-mylayer          /home/jw/code/poky/meta-mylayer           6
workspace             /home/jw/code/poky/build/workspace        99

其次就是添加配方到workspace目录：

jw@X1C:~/code/poky/build$ devtool modify busybox
NOTE: Starting bitbake server...
NOTE: Reconnecting to bitbake server...
NOTE: Retrying server connection (#1)...
Loading cache: 100% |########################################################################################################################################################################| Time: 0:00:00
Loaded 1424 entries from dependency cache.
INFO: SRC_URI contains some conditional appends/prepends - will create branches to represent these
NOTE: Resolving any missing task queue dependencies

Build Configuration:
BB_VERSION           = "1.49.0"
BUILD_SYS            = "x86_64-linux"
NATIVELSBSTRING      = "universal"
TARGET_SYS           = "x86_64-poky-linux"
MACHINE              = "qemux86-64"
DISTRO               = "poky"
DISTRO_VERSION       = "3.2+snapshot-f13e17656248021debea6fe01564c40af27271d1"
TUNE_FEATURES        = "m64 core2"
TARGET_FPU           = ""
meta                 
meta-poky            
meta-yocto-bsp       
meta-mylayer         
workspace            = "master:f13e17656248021debea6fe01564c40af27271d1"

Initialising tasks: 100% |###################################################################################################################################################################| Time: 0:00:00
Sstate summary: Wanted 0 Found 0 Missed 0 Current 20 (0% match, 100% complete)
NOTE: Executing Tasks
NOTE: Tasks Summary: Attempted 93 tasks of which 90 didn't need to be rerun and all succeeded.
INFO: Adding local source files to srctree...
INFO: Source tree extracted to /home/jw/code/poky/build/workspace/sources/busybox
WARNING: SRC_URI is conditionally overridden in this recipe, thus several devtool-override-* branches have been created, one for each override that makes changes to SRC_URI. It is recommended that you make changes to the devtool branch first, then checkout and rebase each devtool-override-* branch and update any unique patches there (duplicates on those branches will be ignored by devtool finish/update-recipe)
INFO: Using source tree as build directory since that would be the default for this recipe
INFO: Recipe busybox now set up to build from /home/jw/code/poky/build/workspace/sources/busybox

这样busybox的代码就被下载到build/workspace/sources/busybox目录下了，这个时候在构建项目，则使用的是workspace目录下的源码，如下所示：

jw@X1C:~/code/poky/build$ bitbake core-image-minimal
Loading cache: 100% |########################################################################################################################################################################| Time: 0:00:00
Loaded 1424 entries from dependency cache.
Parsing recipes: 100% |######################################################################################################################################################################| Time: 0:00:00
Parsing of 810 .bb files complete (809 cached, 1 parsed). 1424 targets, 42 skipped, 0 masked, 0 errors.
NOTE: Resolving any missing task queue dependencies

Build Configuration:
BB_VERSION           = "1.49.0"
BUILD_SYS            = "x86_64-linux"
NATIVELSBSTRING      = "universal"
TARGET_SYS           = "x86_64-poky-linux"
MACHINE              = "qemux86-64"
DISTRO               = "poky"
DISTRO_VERSION       = "3.2+snapshot-f13e17656248021debea6fe01564c40af27271d1"
TUNE_FEATURES        = "m64 core2"
TARGET_FPU           = ""
meta                 
meta-poky            
meta-yocto-bsp       
meta-mylayer         
workspace            = "master:f13e17656248021debea6fe01564c40af27271d1"

Initialising tasks: 100% |###################################################################################################################################################################| Time: 0:00:01
Sstate summary: Wanted 5 Found 1 Missed 4 Current 1088 (20% match, 99% complete)
NOTE: Executing Tasks
NOTE: busybox: compiling from external source tree /home/jw/code/poky/build/workspace/sources/busybox
NOTE: Tasks Summary: Attempted 3113 tasks of which 3083 didn't need to be rerun and all succeeded.

下一个就是修改源码，比如修改coreutils/date.c，增加helloworld打印：

puts("helloworld\n");

然后再构建项目，发现会报错：

jw@X1C:~/code/poky/build$ bitbake core-image-minimal
Loading cache: 100% |########################################################################################################################################################################| Time: 0:00:00
Loaded 1424 entries from dependency cache.
Parsing recipes: 100% |######################################################################################################################################################################| Time: 0:00:01
Parsing of 810 .bb files complete (809 cached, 1 parsed). 1424 targets, 42 skipped, 0 masked, 0 errors.
NOTE: Resolving any missing task queue dependencies

Build Configuration:
BB_VERSION           = "1.49.0"
BUILD_SYS            = "x86_64-linux"
NATIVELSBSTRING      = "universal"
TARGET_SYS           = "x86_64-poky-linux"
MACHINE              = "qemux86-64"
DISTRO               = "poky"
DISTRO_VERSION       = "3.2+snapshot-f13e17656248021debea6fe01564c40af27271d1"
TUNE_FEATURES        = "m64 core2"
TARGET_FPU           = ""
meta                 
meta-poky            
meta-yocto-bsp       
meta-mylayer         
workspace            = "master:f13e17656248021debea6fe01564c40af27271d1"

Initialising tasks: 100% |###################################################################################################################################################################| Time: 0:00:01
Sstate summary: Wanted 5 Found 1 Missed 4 Current 1088 (20% match, 99% complete)
NOTE: Executing Tasks
NOTE: busybox: compiling from external source tree /home/jw/code/poky/build/workspace/sources/busybox
ERROR: busybox-1.32.0-r0 do_package: Error executing a python function in exec_python_func() autogenerated:

The stack trace of python calls that resulted in this exception/failure was:
File: 'exec_python_func() autogenerated', lineno: 2, function: <module>
     0001:
 *** 0002:ptest_update_alternatives(d)
     0003:
File: '/home/jw/code/poky/meta/classes/ptest.bbclass', lineno: 98, function: ptest_update_alternatives
     0094:        for alt_name, alt_link, alt_target, _ in alternatives:
     0095:            # Some alternatives are for man pages,
     0096:            # check if the alternative is in PATH
     0097:            if os.path.dirname(alt_link) in bin_paths:
 *** 0098:                os.symlink(alt_target, os.path.join(ptest_bindir, alt_name))
     0099:}
     0100:
     0101:do_configure_ptest_base[dirs] = "${B}"
     0102:do_compile_ptest_base[dirs] = "${B}"
Exception: FileExistsError: [Errno 17] File exists: '/bin/busybox.suid' -> '/home/jw/code/poky/build/tmp/work/core2-64-poky-linux/busybox/1.32.0-r0/package/usr/lib/busybox/ptest/bin/login'

ERROR: Logfile of failure stored in: /home/jw/code/poky/build/tmp/work/core2-64-poky-linux/busybox/1.32.0-r0/temp/log.do_package.12918
ERROR: Task (/home/jw/code/poky/meta/recipes-core/busybox/busybox_1.32.0.bb:do_package) failed with exit code '1'
NOTE: Tasks Summary: Attempted 3096 tasks of which 3090 didn't need to be rerun and 1 failed.

Summary: 1 task failed:
  /home/jw/code/poky/meta/recipes-core/busybox/busybox_1.32.0.bb:do_package
Summary: There was 1 ERROR message shown, returning a non-zero exit code.

但是如果再次编译，又能够编译成功了：

jw@X1C:~/code/poky/build$ bitbake core-image-minimal
Loading cache: 100% |########################################################################################################################################################################| Time: 0:00:00
Loaded 1424 entries from dependency cache.
Parsing recipes: 100% |######################################################################################################################################################################| Time: 0:00:00
Parsing of 810 .bb files complete (809 cached, 1 parsed). 1424 targets, 42 skipped, 0 masked, 0 errors.
NOTE: Resolving any missing task queue dependencies

Build Configuration:
BB_VERSION           = "1.49.0"
BUILD_SYS            = "x86_64-linux"
NATIVELSBSTRING      = "universal"
TARGET_SYS           = "x86_64-poky-linux"
MACHINE              = "qemux86-64"
DISTRO               = "poky"
DISTRO_VERSION       = "3.2+snapshot-f13e17656248021debea6fe01564c40af27271d1"
TUNE_FEATURES        = "m64 core2"
TARGET_FPU           = ""
meta                 
meta-poky            
meta-yocto-bsp       
meta-mylayer         
workspace            = "master:f13e17656248021debea6fe01564c40af27271d1"

Initialising tasks: 100% |###################################################################################################################################################################| Time: 0:00:01
Sstate summary: Wanted 5 Found 1 Missed 4 Current 1088 (20% match, 99% complete)
NOTE: Executing Tasks
NOTE: busybox: compiling from external source tree /home/jw/code/poky/build/workspace/sources/busybox
NOTE: Tasks Summary: Attempted 3113 tasks of which 3090 didn't need to be rerun and all succeeded.

运行镜像之后执行date命令，结果如下：

可以看到代码修改成功了。