基于java的选课系统课程设计_java学生管理系统界面设计

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Java 课程设计_学生选课管理系统

需求分析

本数据库的用户主要是学生，通过对用户需求的收集和分析，获得用户对数据库的如下要求。
1.信息需求

1. 学生信息:学号，姓名，性别，专业
2. 登陆信息:账号，密码
3. 课程信息:课程号，课程名，选课人数，选课容量，任课老师
4. 选课信息:课程号，学生学号
5. 登录信息：账号、密码

2.功能需求

1. 系统为学生建立登陆信息，学生进入系统前需要身份验证，用户名、密码输入正确后方可进入系统。
2. 在系统中，用户可以在界面中看到本人的基本信息，也可以对课程信息表和个人选课信息表进行查看、以及选课。
3. 使用数据库存储读取数据内容

3.系统需求
学生信息管理系统采用的编译环境是IntelliJ IDEA，编程语言是Java,使用用MySQL数据库

定义数据库

CREATE DATABASE Couse ON PRIMARY(NAME = Couse,
FILENAME = 'D:\JAVA\courseDesign_2020JAVA' ,
SIZE = 2MB, FILEGROWTH = 10%,FILERROWHT=4MB) 

CREATE TABLE user (
	id char(25) IDENTITY  NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY,
	name char(25)  NOT NULL ,
	sex char(2) CHECK (性别 IN(’男’,’女’)) ,
profess char(30)  NULL ,
)
CREATE TABLE subject (
	subjectId varchar(20)  NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY ,
	name varchar(25)  NOT NULL ,
	Noss int  NOT NULL ,
capacity int   NULL ,
teacher varchar(25)   NULL ,
)
CREATE TABLE PickCouse (
	stuId char(25),
	couseId char(25)  NOT NULL ,
) 
CREATE TABLE login (
	Id char(25)  NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY,
	pwd char(25)  NOT NULL ,
) 

设计项目结构

1. 项目包结构
   
2. 项目UML类图

运行效果展示

1. 登录

2. 查看全部课程信息

3. 查看个人选课信息

4.学生选课

开放源代码

1、学生用户信息类：

package StuPickCouse_Dos.PickCouse;
public class User { 

String id;
String pwd;
String name;
String sex;
String pross;//专业
public User(String id,String pwd){ 

this.id=id;
this.pwd=pwd;
}
public User(String id, String name, String sex, String pross) { 

this.id = id;
this.name = name;
this.sex = sex;
this.pross = pross;
}
public String getPwd() { 

return pwd;
}
public void setPwd(String pwd) { 

this.pwd = pwd;
}
public User(){ 
}
public String getId() { 

return id;
}
public void setId(String id) { 

this.id = id;
}
public String getName() { 

return name;
}
public void setName(String name) { 

this.name = name;
}
public String getSex() { 

return sex;
}
public void setSex(String sex) { 

this.sex = sex;
}
public String getPross() { 

return pross;
}
public void setPross(String pross) { 

this.pross = pross;
}
@Override
public String toString() { 

return "User{" +
"id='" + id + '\'' +
", name='" + name + '\'' +
", sex='" + sex + '\'' +
", pross='" + pross + '\'' +
'}';
}
}

2、课程信息类：

package StuPickCouse_Dos.PickCouse;
public class Couse { 

String id;
String name;
String num;//选课人数
String capacity;//容量
String teacher;
public String getTeacher() { 

return teacher;
}
public void setTeacher(String teacher) { 

this.teacher = teacher;
}
public Couse(String id, String name, String num, String capacity, String teacher) { 

this.id = id;
this.name = name;
this.num = num;
this.capacity = capacity;
this.teacher = teacher;
}
public Couse(String id){ 
this.id=id;}
public String getId() { 

return id;
}
public void setId(String id) { 

this.id = id;
}
public String getName() { 

return name;
}
public void setName(String name) { 

this.name = name;
}
public String getNum() { 

return num;
}
public void setNum(String num) { 

this.num = num;
}
public String getCapacity() { 

return capacity;
}
public void setCapacity(String capacity) { 

this.capacity = capacity;
}
@Override
public String toString() { 

return id +" "+ name +" "+ num+ "/" + capacity+" " +teacher;
}
}

3、学生数据库操作类

package StuPickCouse_Dos.PickMysql;
import StuPickCouse_Dos.PickCouse.User;
import javax.swing.*;
import java.sql.*;
public class UserSql { 

Connection con=null;
Statement sql;
ResultSet rs;
public UserSql(){ 
}
void star(){ 

String url="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/couse?user=root&password=&useSSL=true&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8";
String user="root";
String passKey="";
try { 

Class.forName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver");
con= DriverManager.getConnection(url,user,passKey);
}
catch(SQLException e){ 

System.out.println(e);
}catch (ClassNotFoundException e) { 

e.printStackTrace();
}
}
public User getUser(String id){ 

User user=new User();
star();
try { 

sql=con.createStatement();
} catch (SQLException throwables) { 

throwables.printStackTrace();
}
try { 

rs=sql.executeQuery("select * from User where id="+id);
while(rs.next()){ 

user.setId(id);
user.setName(rs.getString(2));
user.setSex(rs.getString(3));
user.setPross(rs.getString(4));
}
rs.close();
} catch (SQLException throwables) { 

throwables.printStackTrace();
}
return user;
}
public String findUser(String id){ 

String user="";
star();
try { 

sql=con.createStatement();
} catch (SQLException throwables) { 

// throwables.printStackTrace();
JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null,
"数据库无法连接！",
"登录失败",
JOptionPane.ERROR_MESSAGE);
}
try { 

rs=sql.executeQuery("select pwd from Login where id="+id);
while(rs.next()){ 

user=rs.getString(1);
}
rs.close();
} catch (SQLException throwables) { 

throwables.printStackTrace();
}
return user.equals("")?null:user;
}
}

4、课程数据库信息操作类：

package StuPickCouse_Dos.PickMysql;
import StuPickCouse_Dos.PickCouse.Couse;
import StuPickCouse_Dos.PickCouse.User;
import java.sql.*;
import java.util.ArrayList;
public class CouseSql { 

User user;
public CouseSql(User user){ 

this.user=user;
}
Connection con=null;
Statement sql;
ResultSet rs;
void star(){ 

String url="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/couse?user=root&password=&useSSL=true&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8";
String user="root";
String passKey="";
try { 

Class.forName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver");
con= DriverManager.getConnection(url,user,passKey);
}
catch(SQLException e){ 

System.out.println(e);
}catch (ClassNotFoundException e) { 

e.printStackTrace();
}
}
public ArrayList<Couse> findCouse(String sqlLine){ 

ArrayList<Couse> couses=new ArrayList<>();
star();
try { 

sql=con.createStatement();//
} catch (SQLException throwables) { 

throwables.printStackTrace();
}
try { 

rs = sql.executeQuery(sqlLine);
while (rs.next()) { 

couses.add(new Couse(rs.getString(1),
rs.getString(2),
rs.getString(3),
rs.getString(4),
rs.getString(5)
));
}
con.close();
} catch (SQLException throwables) { 

throwables.printStackTrace();
}
return couses;
}
public boolean isMyCouse(String sqlLine){ 

boolean couses=false;
star();
try { 

sql=con.createStatement();//
} catch (SQLException throwables) { 

throwables.printStackTrace();
}
try { 

rs = sql.executeQuery(sqlLine);
while (rs.next()) { 

couses=true;
}
con.close();
} catch (SQLException throwables) { 

throwables.printStackTrace();
}
return couses;
}
public void chioseCouse(Couse couse) { 

star();
try { 

sql=con.createStatement();//
} catch (SQLException throwables) { 

throwables.printStackTrace();
}
try { 

sql.executeUpdate("update Subject set Noss=Noss+1 where subjectId="+couse.getId());
sql.executeUpdate("INSERT INTO PickCouse VALUES ('"+this.user.getId()+"','"+couse.getId()+"')");
con.close();
} catch (SQLException throwables) { 

throwables.printStackTrace();
}
System.out.println("====>添加成功！");
}
public void addCouse(String id,String name,int x1,int x2,String tec) throws Exception{ 

star();
sql=con.createStatement();
sql.executeUpdate("INSERT INTO Subject VALUES (\""+id+"\",\""+name+"\","+x1+","+x2+",\""+tec+"\")");
con.close();
}
}

5、功能实现类：

package StuPickCouse_Dos;
import StuPickCouse_Dos.PickCouse.Couse;
import StuPickCouse_Dos.PickCouse.User;
import StuPickCouse_Dos.PickMysql.CouseSql;
import StuPickCouse_Dos.PickMysql.UserSql;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Scanner;
public class Operator { 

User user;
CouseSql couseSql;
UserSql userSql;
ArrayList<Couse> couses = new ArrayList<>();
public void setUser(User user) { 

this.user = user;
}
public Operator(){ 
}
public Operator(User user) { 

this.user = user;
couseSql=new CouseSql(user);
userSql=new UserSql();
}
public void findAllCouse(){ 

couses = couseSql.findCouse("select * from Subject");
for (int i = 0; i < couses.size(); i++)
System.out.println((i + 1) + " " + couses.get(i).toString());
}
public void selectCouse(){ 

System.out.println("所有课程如下：");
ArrayList<Couse> couseICanChose=new ArrayList<>();
ArrayList<String> couseICanChoseId=new ArrayList<>();
for (int i = 0; i < couses.size(); i++){ 

System.out.print((i + 1) + " " + couses.get(i).toString());
boolean tag=false,flage=false;
System.out.println( ( tag= ( ( !(flage=couseSql.isMyCouse("select * from PickCouse where stuId="+user.getId()+" and couseId="+couses.get(i).getId() )
)&& Integer.parseInt( couses.get(i).getCapacity() )
>= Integer.parseInt( couses.get(i).getNum() ) ) ) )? " 可选": flage?" 已选":" 人员已满");
if(tag) { 

couseICanChose.add(couses.get(i));
couseICanChoseId.add(couses.get(i).getId());
}
}
if(couseICanChose.size() < 1)
System.out.print("暂时没有可选的课程！");
else { 

System.out.println("====》可选课程有：");
for (int i = 0; i < couseICanChose.size(); i++)
System.out.println((i + 1) + " " + couseICanChose.get(i).toString());
System.out.print("====>请输入选择的课程编号：");
String couse = "";
while(!couseICanChoseId.contains( couse = (new Scanner(System.in)).nextLine()))
System.out.print("输入不在选择范围，请重新输入：");
couseSql.chioseCouse(new Couse(couse));
}
}
public void findMyCouse(){ 

shoeArrayList(couseSql.findCouse("select * from Subject where subjectId in (select couseId from PickCouse where stuId="+user.getId()+")"));
}
public static void shoeArrayList(ArrayList<Couse> item){ 

for (int i = 0; i < item.size(); i++)
System.out.println((i + 1) + " " + item.get(i).toString());
System.out.print("Tip: 按任意键继续：");
(new Scanner(System.in)).next();
}
public boolean intoPwd(String pwd,String id){ 

int inputTimes=2;
while( !( userSql.findUser(id).equals((new Scanner(System.in)).nextLine()) )&&inputTimes>0)
System.out.print("！[第"+(3-inputTimes)+"次输入]-密码输入错误：剩余输入机会"+(inputTimes--)+"\n请重新输入：");
return inputTimes>=0;
}
public int show(){ 

System.out.println("*****************************************");
System.out.println("*****************************************");
System.out.println("******** 1)查看课程信息 **************");
System.out.println("******** 2)选课 *************");
System.out.println("******** 3)查看个人选课 *************");
System.out.println("*****************************************");
System.out.print("请输入选择：");
return (new Scanner(System.in)).nextInt();
}
}

6、程序入口：

package StuPickCouse_Dos;
import StuPickCouse_Dos.PickCouse.User;
import StuPickCouse_Dos.PickMysql.UserSql;
import java.util.Scanner;
public class Demo_1 { 

public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception { 

System.out.println("*****************************************");
System.out.println("******** 学生选课管理-登录 ***********");
System.out.println("*****************************************");
User user= new User();
System.out.print("===》请输入账号：");
String id="";
int inputTimes=1;
while(!(id=(new Scanner(System.in)).nextLine()).matches("[0-9]{9}"))
System.out.print("！[第"+(inputTimes++)+"次输入]输入错误：用户账号为你的学号\n请重新输入：");
System.out.print("====>请输入密码：");
if((new Operator()).intoPwd("",(user=(new UserSql()).getUser(id)).getId())){ 

System.out.println("用户："+user.getName()+"，欢迎登录！");
while((inputTimes=(new Operator()).show())> 0 ) { 

switch (inputTimes) { 

case 1:(new Operator(user)).findAllCouse();break;
case 2:(new Operator(user)).selectCouse();break;
case 3:(new Operator(user)).findMyCouse();break;
// case 99:addCouse(new CouseSql(user));break;
default:return;
}
System.out.print("按任意键返回主菜单：");
(new Scanner(System.in)).next();
}
}
else{ 

System.out.println("登录失败！请重新登录！");
main(args);
}
}
// public static void addCouse(CouseSql sql) throws Exception{ 

// System.out.print("1)请输入课程编号：");
// String id=(new Scanner(System.in)).nextLine();
// System.out.print("2)请输入课程名称：");
// String name=(new Scanner(System.in)).nextLine();
// System.out.print("3)请输入已选课人数：");
// int noss=(new Scanner(System.in)).nextInt();
// System.out.print("4)请输入课程选课容量：");
// int cap=(new Scanner(System.in)).nextInt();
// System.out.print("5)请输入课程教师姓名：");
// String tec=(new Scanner(System.in)).nextLine();
// sql.addCouse(id,name,noss,cap,tec);
// System.out.println("======》添加成功！");
// System.out.print("继续输入请按1，退出按其他键:");
// if((new Scanner(System.in)).nextLine()=="1"){ 

// addCouse(sql);
// }
// }
}