基于java的选课系统课程设计_java学生管理系统界面设计

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Java 课程设计_学生选课管理系统

需求分析

本数据库的用户主要是学生，通过对用户需求的收集和分析，获得用户对数据库的如下要求。
1.信息需求

学生信息:学号，姓名，性别，专业
登陆信息:账号，密码
课程信息:课程号，课程名，选课人数，选课容量，任课老师
选课信息:课程号，学生学号
登录信息：账号、密码

2.功能需求

系统为学生建立登陆信息，学生进入系统前需要身份验证，用户名、密码输入正确后方可进入系统。
在系统中，用户可以在界面中看到本人的基本信息，也可以对课程信息表和个人选课信息表进行查看、以及选课。
使用数据库存储读取数据内容

3.系统需求
学生信息管理系统采用的编译环境是IntelliJ IDEA，编程语言是Java,使用用MySQL数据库

定义数据库

CREATE DATABASE Couse ON PRIMARY(NAME = Couse,
FILENAME = 'D:\JAVA\courseDesign_2020JAVA' ,
SIZE = 2MB, FILEGROWTH = 10%,FILERROWHT=4MB)

CREATE TABLE user (
	id char(25) IDENTITY  NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY,
	name char(25)  NOT NULL ,
	sex char(2) CHECK (性别 IN(’男’,’女’)) ,
profess char(30)  NULL ,
)
CREATE TABLE subject (
	subjectId varchar(20)  NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY ,
	name varchar(25)  NOT NULL ,
	Noss int  NOT NULL ,
capacity int   NULL ,
teacher varchar(25)   NULL ,
)
CREATE TABLE PickCouse (
	stuId char(25),
	couseId char(25)  NOT NULL ,
) 
CREATE TABLE login (
	Id char(25)  NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY,
	pwd char(25)  NOT NULL ,
)

设计项目结构

项目包结构
项目UML类图

运行效果展示

在这里插入图片描述

查看全部课程信息

在这里插入图片描述

查看个人选课信息

在这里插入图片描述

4.学生选课

在这里插入图片描述

开放源代码

1、学生用户信息类：

package StuPickCouse_Dos.PickCouse;

public class User { 
   
    String id;
    String pwd;
    String name;
    String sex;
    String pross;//专业

    public User(String id,String pwd){ 
   
        this.id=id;
        this.pwd=pwd;
    }
    public User(String id, String name, String sex, String pross) { 
   
        this.id = id;
        this.name = name;
        this.sex = sex;
        this.pross = pross;
    }

    public String getPwd() { 
   
        return pwd;
    }

    public void setPwd(String pwd) { 
   
        this.pwd = pwd;
    }

    public User(){ 
   }

    public String getId() { 
   
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(String id) { 
   
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getName() { 
   
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) { 
   
        this.name = name;
    }

    public String getSex() { 
   
        return sex;
    }

    public void setSex(String sex) { 
   
        this.sex = sex;
    }

    public String getPross() { 
   
        return pross;
    }

    public void setPross(String pross) { 
   
        this.pross = pross;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() { 
   
        return "User{" +
                "id='" + id + '\'' +
                ", name='" + name + '\'' +
                ", sex='" + sex + '\'' +
                ", pross='" + pross + '\'' +
                '}';
    }
}

2、课程信息类：

package StuPickCouse_Dos.PickCouse;

public class Couse { 
   
    String id;
    String name;
    String num;//选课人数
    String capacity;//容量
    String teacher;
   public String getTeacher() { 
   
        return teacher;
    }

    public void setTeacher(String teacher) { 
   
        this.teacher = teacher;
    }

    public Couse(String id, String name, String num, String capacity, String teacher) { 
   
        this.id = id;
        this.name = name;
        this.num = num;
        this.capacity = capacity;
        this.teacher = teacher;
    }

    public Couse(String id){ 
   this.id=id;}

    public String getId() { 
   
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(String id) { 
   
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getName() { 
   
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) { 
   
        this.name = name;
    }

    public String getNum() { 
   
        return num;
    }

    public void setNum(String num) { 
   
        this.num = num;
    }

    public String getCapacity() { 
   
        return capacity;
    }

    public void setCapacity(String capacity) { 
   
        this.capacity = capacity;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() { 
   
    	    return id +" "+ name +" "+ num+ "/" + capacity+" " +teacher;
    }
}

3、学生数据库操作类

package StuPickCouse_Dos.PickMysql;

import StuPickCouse_Dos.PickCouse.User;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.sql.*;

public class UserSql { 
   
    Connection con=null;
    Statement sql;
    ResultSet rs;
    public UserSql(){ 
   }
    void star(){ 
   
        String url="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/couse?user=root&password=&useSSL=true&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8";
        String user="root";
        String passKey="";

        try { 
   
            Class.forName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver");

            con= DriverManager.getConnection(url,user,passKey);
        }
        catch(SQLException e){ 
   
            System.out.println(e);
        }catch (ClassNotFoundException e) { 
   
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    public User getUser(String id){ 
   
        User user=new User();
        star();
        try { 
   
            sql=con.createStatement();
        } catch (SQLException throwables) { 
   
            throwables.printStackTrace();
        }
        try { 
   
            rs=sql.executeQuery("select * from User where id="+id);
            while(rs.next()){ 
   
                user.setId(id);
                user.setName(rs.getString(2));
                user.setSex(rs.getString(3));
                user.setPross(rs.getString(4));
            }
            rs.close();
        } catch (SQLException throwables) { 
   
            throwables.printStackTrace();
        }

        return user;
    }
    public String findUser(String id){ 
   
        String user="";
        star();
        try { 
   
            sql=con.createStatement();
        } catch (SQLException throwables) { 
   
// throwables.printStackTrace();
            JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null,
                    "数据库无法连接！",
                    "登录失败",
                    JOptionPane.ERROR_MESSAGE);
        }
        try { 
   
            rs=sql.executeQuery("select pwd from Login where id="+id);
            while(rs.next()){ 
   
                user=rs.getString(1);
            }
            rs.close();
        } catch (SQLException throwables) { 
   
            throwables.printStackTrace();
        }

        return user.equals("")?null:user;
    }
}

4、课程数据库信息操作类：

package StuPickCouse_Dos.PickMysql;

import StuPickCouse_Dos.PickCouse.Couse;
import StuPickCouse_Dos.PickCouse.User;

import java.sql.*;
import java.util.ArrayList;

public class CouseSql { 
   
    User user;

    public CouseSql(User user){ 
   
        this.user=user;
    }

    Connection con=null;
    Statement sql;
    ResultSet rs;
    void star(){ 
   
        String url="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/couse?user=root&password=&useSSL=true&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8";
        String user="root";
        String passKey="";

        try { 
   
            Class.forName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver");

            con= DriverManager.getConnection(url,user,passKey);
        }
        catch(SQLException e){ 
   
            System.out.println(e);
        }catch (ClassNotFoundException e) { 
   
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    public ArrayList<Couse> findCouse(String sqlLine){ 
   
        ArrayList<Couse> couses=new ArrayList<>();
        star();
        try { 
   
            sql=con.createStatement();//
        } catch (SQLException throwables) { 
   
            throwables.printStackTrace();
        }
        try { 
   
            rs = sql.executeQuery(sqlLine);
            while (rs.next()) { 
   
                couses.add(new Couse(rs.getString(1),
                        rs.getString(2),
                        rs.getString(3),
                        rs.getString(4),
                        rs.getString(5)
                ));
            }
            con.close();
        } catch (SQLException throwables) { 
   
            throwables.printStackTrace();
        }
        return couses;
    }
    public boolean isMyCouse(String sqlLine){ 
   
        boolean couses=false;
        star();
        try { 
   
            sql=con.createStatement();//
        } catch (SQLException throwables) { 
   
            throwables.printStackTrace();
        }
        try { 
   
            rs = sql.executeQuery(sqlLine);
            while (rs.next()) { 
   
                couses=true;
            }
            con.close();
        } catch (SQLException throwables) { 
   
            throwables.printStackTrace();
        }

        return couses;
    }
    public void chioseCouse(Couse couse) { 
   
        star();
        try { 
   
            sql=con.createStatement();//
        } catch (SQLException throwables) { 
   
            throwables.printStackTrace();
        }
        try { 
   
            sql.executeUpdate("update Subject set Noss=Noss+1 where subjectId="+couse.getId());
            sql.executeUpdate("INSERT INTO PickCouse VALUES ('"+this.user.getId()+"','"+couse.getId()+"')");
            con.close();
        } catch (SQLException throwables) { 
   
            throwables.printStackTrace();
        }
        System.out.println("====>添加成功！");
    }

    public void addCouse(String id,String name,int x1,int x2,String tec) throws Exception{ 
   
        star();
        sql=con.createStatement();
        sql.executeUpdate("INSERT INTO Subject VALUES (\""+id+"\",\""+name+"\","+x1+","+x2+",\""+tec+"\")");
        con.close();
    }

}

5、功能实现类：

package StuPickCouse_Dos;

import StuPickCouse_Dos.PickCouse.Couse;
import StuPickCouse_Dos.PickCouse.User;
import StuPickCouse_Dos.PickMysql.CouseSql;
import StuPickCouse_Dos.PickMysql.UserSql;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Scanner;

public class Operator { 
   
    User user;
    CouseSql couseSql;
    UserSql userSql;
    ArrayList<Couse> couses = new ArrayList<>();

    public void setUser(User user) { 
   
        this.user = user;
    }

    public Operator(){ 
   }
    public Operator(User user) { 
   
        this.user = user;
        couseSql=new CouseSql(user);
        userSql=new UserSql();
    }
    public void findAllCouse(){ 
   
        couses = couseSql.findCouse("select * from Subject");
        for (int i = 0; i < couses.size(); i++)
            System.out.println((i + 1) + " " + couses.get(i).toString());
    }
    public void selectCouse(){ 
   
        System.out.println("所有课程如下：");
        ArrayList<Couse> couseICanChose=new ArrayList<>();
        ArrayList<String> couseICanChoseId=new ArrayList<>();
        for (int i = 0; i < couses.size(); i++){ 
   
            System.out.print((i + 1) + " " + couses.get(i).toString());
            boolean tag=false,flage=false;
            System.out.println( ( tag= ( ( !(flage=couseSql.isMyCouse("select * from PickCouse where stuId="+user.getId()+" and couseId="+couses.get(i).getId() )
            )&& Integer.parseInt( couses.get(i).getCapacity() )
                    >= Integer.parseInt( couses.get(i).getNum() ) ) ) )? " 可选": flage?" 已选":" 人员已满");
            if(tag) { 
   
                couseICanChose.add(couses.get(i));
                couseICanChoseId.add(couses.get(i).getId());
            }
        }
        if(couseICanChose.size() < 1)
            System.out.print("暂时没有可选的课程！");
        else { 
   
            System.out.println("====》可选课程有：");
            for (int i = 0; i < couseICanChose.size(); i++)
                System.out.println((i + 1) + " " + couseICanChose.get(i).toString());
            System.out.print("====>请输入选择的课程编号：");
            String couse = "";
            while(!couseICanChoseId.contains( couse = (new Scanner(System.in)).nextLine()))
                System.out.print("输入不在选择范围，请重新输入：");
            couseSql.chioseCouse(new Couse(couse));
        }
    }
    public void findMyCouse(){ 
   
        shoeArrayList(couseSql.findCouse("select * from Subject where subjectId in (select couseId from PickCouse where stuId="+user.getId()+")"));
    }
    public static void shoeArrayList(ArrayList<Couse> item){ 
   
        for (int i = 0; i < item.size(); i++)
            System.out.println((i + 1) + " " + item.get(i).toString());
        System.out.print("Tip: 按任意键继续：");
        (new Scanner(System.in)).next();
    }
    public boolean intoPwd(String pwd,String id){ 
   
        int inputTimes=2;
        while( !( userSql.findUser(id).equals((new Scanner(System.in)).nextLine()) )&&inputTimes>0)
            System.out.print("！[第"+(3-inputTimes)+"次输入]-密码输入错误：剩余输入机会"+(inputTimes--)+"\n请重新输入：");
        return inputTimes>=0;
    }
    public int show(){ 
   
        System.out.println("*****************************************");
        System.out.println("*****************************************");
        System.out.println("******** 1)查看课程信息 **************");
        System.out.println("******** 2)选课 *************");
        System.out.println("******** 3)查看个人选课 *************");
        System.out.println("*****************************************");
        System.out.print("请输入选择：");
        return (new Scanner(System.in)).nextInt();
    }
}

6、程序入口：

package StuPickCouse_Dos;

import StuPickCouse_Dos.PickCouse.User;
import StuPickCouse_Dos.PickMysql.UserSql;
import java.util.Scanner;

public class Demo_1 { 
   
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception { 
   
        System.out.println("*****************************************");
        System.out.println("******** 学生选课管理-登录 ***********");
        System.out.println("*****************************************");
        User user= new User();
        System.out.print("===》请输入账号：");
        String id="";
        int inputTimes=1;
        while(!(id=(new Scanner(System.in)).nextLine()).matches("[0-9]{9}"))
            System.out.print("！[第"+(inputTimes++)+"次输入]输入错误：用户账号为你的学号\n请重新输入：");
        System.out.print("====>请输入密码：");
        if((new Operator()).intoPwd("",(user=(new UserSql()).getUser(id)).getId())){ 
   
            System.out.println("用户："+user.getName()+"，欢迎登录！");
            while((inputTimes=(new Operator()).show())> 0 ) { 
   
                switch (inputTimes) { 
   
                    case 1:(new Operator(user)).findAllCouse();break;
                    case 2:(new Operator(user)).selectCouse();break;
                    case 3:(new Operator(user)).findMyCouse();break;
// case 99:addCouse(new CouseSql(user));break;
                    default:return;
                }
                System.out.print("按任意键返回主菜单：");
                (new Scanner(System.in)).next();
            }
        }
        else{ 
   
            System.out.println("登录失败！请重新登录！");
            main(args);
        }
    }
// public static void addCouse(CouseSql sql) throws Exception{ 
   
// System.out.print("1)请输入课程编号：");
// String id=(new Scanner(System.in)).nextLine();
// System.out.print("2)请输入课程名称：");
// String name=(new Scanner(System.in)).nextLine();
// System.out.print("3)请输入已选课人数：");
// int noss=(new Scanner(System.in)).nextInt();
// System.out.print("4)请输入课程选课容量：");
// int cap=(new Scanner(System.in)).nextInt();
// System.out.print("5)请输入课程教师姓名：");
// String tec=(new Scanner(System.in)).nextLine();
// sql.addCouse(id,name,noss,cap,tec);
// System.out.println("======》添加成功！");
// System.out.print("继续输入请按1，退出按其他键:");
// if((new Scanner(System.in)).nextLine()=="1"){ 
   
// addCouse(sql);
// }
// }
}