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XNA3.0到4.0的转换

http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/articlelist_1747721953_0_1.html

XNA4.0可以说是一个变化很大的版本了,许多类都被重构或者删除,转换的相关重点描述文章中,比较好的

是下面的URL地址:

http://www.nelxon.com/blog/xna-3-1-to-xna-4-0-cheatsheet/

不过这篇文章有些细节还是漏掉了一部分,如在XNA3.0中下面的代码显示选择存储设备的界面.

public static StorageDevice XnaUserDevice

{

get

{

// Create if not created yet.

if (xnaUserDevice == null)

xnaUserDevice =

StorageDevice.ShowStorageDeviceGuide(PlayerIndex.One);

return xnaUserDevice;

} // get

} // XnaUserDevice

但是上面的代码在4.0下会提示StorageDevice没有BeginShowSelector函数,那么,如何改写这段代码呢?

看下面的代码.

public static StorageDevice XnaUserDevice

{

get

{

if (xnaUserDevice == null)

result =

StorageDevice.BeginShowSelector(PlayerIndex.One, null,null);

if (result.IsCompleted)

xnaUserDevice = StorageDevice.EndShowSelector(result);

return xnaUserDevice;

} // get

} // XnaUserDevice

在XNA4.0中,Game类的LoadGraphicsContent方法被LoadContent替代.

3.0 中GameTime属性ElapsedRealTime已被4.0的ElapsedGameTime取代

========

XNA 3.1 转换到 XNA4.0 的备忘录

http://blog.csdn.net/kenkao/article/details/11111623

http://www.cnblogs.com/Baesky/archive/2011/02/01/1948789.html

xna3.1与4.0的区别不小，但也不是很大，在转换一些项目时候下面的tip能给些帮助。原文地址是：

http://blogs.msdn.com/b/shawnhar/archive/2011/01/04/xna-3-1-to-4-0-cheat-sheet.aspx?

utm_source=twitterfeed&utm_medium=twitter

遇到如下问题，该备忘录将解决的问题：

The name ‘SpriteBlendMode‘ does not exist in the current context

The name ‘SaveStateMode‘ does not exist in the current context

‘Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Graphics.GraphicsDevice‘ does not contain a definition for

‘RenderState‘…

‘Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Graphics.Effect‘ does not contain a definition for ‘Begin‘ …

‘Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Graphics.Effect‘ does not contain a definition for ‘End‘..

‘Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Graphics.Effect‘ does not contain a definition for

‘CommitChanges‘ …

‘Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Graphics.EffectPass‘ does not contain a definition for ‘Begin‘

…

‘Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Graphics.EffectPass‘ does not contain a definition for ‘End‘

….

No overload for method ‘Clone‘ takes 1 arguments

The name ‘ShaderProfile‘ does not exist in the current context

‘Microsoft.Xna.Framework.GameTime‘ does not contain a definition for ‘TotalRealTime‘ …

‘Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Color‘ does not contain a definition for ‘TransparentBlack‘ …

The type or namespace name ‘ResolveTexture2D‘ could not be found …

‘Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Graphics.GraphicsDevice‘ does not contain a definition for

‘ResolveBackBuffer‘…

The type or namespace name ‘DepthStencilBuffer‘ could not be found …

‘Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Graphics.RenderTarget2D‘ does not contain a constructor that

takes 5 arguments …

‘Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Graphics.RenderTarget2D‘ does not contain a definition for

‘GetTexture‘ …

‘Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Graphics.PresentationParameters‘ does not contain a definition

for ‘MultiSampleType‘ …

‘Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Graphics.PresentationParameters‘ does not contain a definition

for ‘MultiSampleQuality‘ …

The best overloaded method match for

‘Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Graphics.GraphicsDevice.SetRenderTarget…

‘Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Graphics.GraphicsDevice‘ does not contain a definition for

‘VertexDeclaration‘

‘Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Graphics.GraphicsDevice‘ does not contain a definition for

‘Vertices‘

‘Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Graphics.VertexPositionTexture‘ does not contain a definition

for ‘SizeInBytes‘

‘Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Graphics.VertexPositionTexture‘ does not contain a definition

for ‘VertexElements‘

‘Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Graphics.ModelMesh‘ does not contain a definition for

‘IndexBuffer‘

‘Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Graphics.ModelMesh‘ does not contain a definition for

‘VertexBuffer‘

‘Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Graphics.ModelMeshPart‘ does not contain a definition for

‘BaseVertex‘

‘Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Graphics.ModelMeshPart‘ does not contain a definition for

‘StreamOffset‘

‘Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Graphics.ModelMeshPart‘ does not contain a definition for

‘VertexStride‘

‘Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Storage.StorageContainer‘ does not contain a definition for

‘TitleLocation‘

‘Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Storage.StorageContainer‘ does not contain a definition for

‘Path‘

‘Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Storage.StorageDevice‘ does not contain a definition for

‘OpenContainer‘

‘Microsoft.Xna.Framework.GamerServices.Guide‘ does not contain a definition for

‘BeginShowStorageDeviceSelector‘

‘Microsoft.Xna.Framework.GamerServices.Guide‘ does not contain a definition for

‘EndShowStorageDeviceSelector‘

syntax error: unexpected token ‘VertexShader‘

syntax error: unexpected token ‘PixelShader‘

error X3539: ps_1_x is no longer supported

PS：其他问题，如xna模型画出边界，看起来透明或者丢失顶点以及看起来不对劲。

—————————————————————————————-

XNA 3.1 转为 XNA4.0 的例子：

SpriteBlendMode， SaveStateMode

// XNA 3.1

sprite.Begin(SpriteBlendMode.AlphaBlend, SpriteSortMode.Deferred, SaveStateMode.SaveState);

// XNA 4.0

sprite.Begin(SpriteSortMode.Deferred, BlendState.AlphaBlend);

// XNA 3.1

// 通过深度排列场景对象

spriteBatch.Begin(SpriteBlendMode.AlphaBlend, SpriteSortMode.BackToFront,

SaveStateMode.None);

// XNA 4.0

// 通过深度排列场景对象

spriteBatch.Begin(SpriteSortMode.BackToFront, BlendState.AlphaBlend);

// XNA 3.1

sprite.Begin(SpriteBlendMode.None, SpriteSortMode.Immediate, SaveStateMode.SaveState);

// XNA 4.0

sprite.Begin(SpriteSortMode.Immediate, BlendState.Opaque);

// XNA 3.1

// 画背景图

spriteBatch.Begin(SpriteBlendMode.None);

Viewport viewport = GraphicsDevice.Viewport;

spriteBatch.Draw(background, new Rectangle(0, 0, viewport.Width, viewport.Height),

Color.White);

spriteBatch.End();

// XNA 4.0

// 画背景图

spriteBatch.Begin(0, BlendState.Opaque);

spriteBatch.Draw(background, GraphicsDevice.Viewport.Bounds, Color.White);

spriteBatch.End();

RenderState

// XNA 3.1

// 启用alpha混合和深度写

GraphicsDevice.RenderState.AlphaBlendEnable = true;

GraphicsDevice.RenderState.SourceBlend = Blend.SourceAlpha;

GraphicsDevice.RenderState.DestinationBlend = Blend.InverseSourceAlpha;

GraphicsDevice.RenderState.SeparateAlphaBlendEnabled = true;

GraphicsDevice.RenderState.AlphaBlendOperation = BlendFunction.Add;

GraphicsDevice.RenderState.AlphaSourceBlend = Blend.One;

GraphicsDevice.RenderState.AlphaDestinationBlend = Blend.One;

GraphicsDevice.RenderState.DepthBufferWriteEnable = false;

// XNA 4.0

// 启用alpha混合和深度写

GraphicsDevice.BlendState = BlendState.AlphaBlend;

GraphicsDevice.DepthStencilState = DepthStencilState.DepthRead;

// XNA 3.1

// 重置混合和深度写

GraphicsDevice.RenderState.AlphaBlendEnable = false;

GraphicsDevice.RenderState.SeparateAlphaBlendEnabled = false;

GraphicsDevice.RenderState.DepthBufferWriteEnable = true;

// XNA 4.0

// 重置混合和深度写

GraphicsDevice.BlendState = BlendState.Additive;

GraphicsDevice.DepthStencilState = DepthStencilState.Default;

// XNA 3.1

// 启用深度缓冲

GraphicsDevice.RenderState.DepthBufferEnable = true;

// XNA 4.0

// 启用深度缓冲

GraphicsDevice.DepthStencilState = DepthStencilState.Default;

// XNA 3.1

// 禁用深度缓冲

GraphicsDevice.RenderState.DepthBufferWriteEnable = false;

GraphicsDevice.RenderState.DepthBufferEnable = false;

// XNA 4.0

// 禁用深度缓冲

GraphicsDevice.DepthStencilState = DepthStencilState.None;

// XNA 3.1

// 累加混合(zero on alpha)

GraphicsDevice.RenderState.DepthBufferWriteEnable = false;

GraphicsDevice.RenderState.AlphaBlendEnable = true;

GraphicsDevice.RenderState.SourceBlend = Blend.One;

GraphicsDevice.RenderState.DestinationBlend = Blend.One;

// XNA 4.0

// 累加混合(zero on alpha)

GraphicsDevice.DepthStencilState = DepthStencilState.DepthRead;

GraphicsDevice.BlendState = BlendState.AlphaBlend;

// XNA 3.1

// 恢复混合模式

GraphicsDevice.RenderState.DepthBufferWriteEnable = true;

GraphicsDevice.RenderState.AlphaBlendEnable = false;

GraphicsDevice.RenderState.SeparateAlphaBlendEnabled = false;

// XNA 4.0

// 恢复混合模式

GraphicsDevice.BlendState = BlendState.Opaque;

GraphicsDevice.DepthStencilState = DepthStencilState.Default;

// XNA 3.1

// 设置alpha混合，无深度测试和深度写

?

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

GraphicsDevice.RenderState.DepthBufferEnable = false;

GraphicsDevice.RenderState.DepthBufferWriteEnable = false;

GraphicsDevice.RenderState.AlphaBlendEnable = true;

GraphicsDevice.RenderState.SourceBlend = Blend.SourceAlpha;

GraphicsDevice.RenderState.DestinationBlend = Blend.InverseSourceAlpha;

// XNA 4.0

// 设置alpha混合，无深度测试和深度写

GraphicsDevice.DepthStencilState = DepthStencilState.None;

GraphicsDevice.BlendState = BlendState.AlphaBlend;

// XNA 3.1

// 绘制3D模型时设置合适渲染模式

GraphicsDevice.RenderState.AlphaBlendEnable = false;

GraphicsDevice.RenderState.AlphaTestEnable = false;

GraphicsDevice.RenderState.DepthBufferEnable = true;

// XNA 4.0

// 绘制3D模型时设置合适渲染模式

GraphicsDevice.BlendState = BlendState.Opaque;

GraphicsDevice.DepthStencilState = DepthStencilState.Default;

// XNA 3.1

// 加性混合

GraphicsDevice.RenderState.AlphaBlendEnable = true;

GraphicsDevice.RenderState.SourceBlend = Blend.One;

GraphicsDevice.RenderState.DestinationBlend = Blend.One;

// XNA 4.0

// 加性混合

GraphicsDevice.BlendState = BlendState.Additive;

// XNA 3.1

// 设置加性混合

GraphicsDevice.RenderState.DestinationBlend = Blend.One;

// XNA 4.0

// 设置加性混合

GraphicsDevice.BlendState = BlendState.Additive;

// XNA 3.1

// 设置alpha混合

GraphicsDevice.RenderState.DestinationBlend = Blend.InverseSourceAlpha;

// XNA 4.0

// 设置alpha混合

GraphicsDevice.BlendState = BlendState.AlphaBlend;

// XNA 3.1

GraphicsDevice.RenderState.CullMode = CullMode.CullCounterClockwiseFace;

// XNA 4.0

GraphicsDevice.RasterizerState = RasterizerState.CullCounterClockwise;

// XNA 3.1

// 设置渲染状态

GraphicsDevice.RenderState.DepthBufferEnable = false;

GraphicsDevice.RenderState.DepthBufferWriteEnable = false;

GraphicsDevice.RenderState.AlphaBlendEnable = true;

GraphicsDevice.RenderState.SourceBlend = Blend.One;

GraphicsDevice.RenderState.DestinationBlend = Blend.One;

GraphicsDevice.RenderState.SeparateAlphaBlendEnabled = true;

GraphicsDevice.RenderState.AlphaBlendOperation = BlendFunction.Add;

GraphicsDevice.RenderState.AlphaDestinationBlend = Blend.Zero;

GraphicsDevice.RenderState.AlphaSourceBlend = Blend.Zero;

// drawing code here..

// 恢复状态

GraphicsDevice.RenderState.DepthBufferEnable = true;

GraphicsDevice.RenderState.DepthBufferWriteEnable = true;

GraphicsDevice.RenderState.AlphaBlendEnable = false;

GraphicsDevice.RenderState.SeparateAlphaBlendEnabled = false;

// XNA 4.0

//存储状态

DepthStencilState ds = GraphicsDevice.DepthStencilState;

BlendState bs = GraphicsDevice.BlendState;

//设置渲染状态

GraphicsDevice.DepthStencilState = DepthStencilState.DepthRead;

GraphicsDevice.BlendState = BlendState.AlphaBlend;

// drawing code here..

// 恢复状态

GraphicsDevice.DepthStencilState = ds;

GraphicsDevice.BlendState = bs;

Effect, EffectPass, Begin(), End(), CommitChanges(), Clone()

// 应用效果 XNA 3.1

blurEffect.CommitChanges();

blurEffect.Begin(SaveStateMode.SaveState);

blurEffect.CurrentTechnique.Passes[0].Begin();

GraphicsDevice.DrawPrimitives(PrimitiveType.TriangleList, 0, 2);

blurEffect.CurrentTechnique.Passes[0].End();

blurEffect.End();

// 应用效果 XNA 4.0

blurEffect.CurrentTechnique.Passes[0].Apply();

GraphicsDevice.DrawPrimitives(PrimitiveType.TriangleList, 0, 2);

// XNA 3.1

// 提交效果改变

effect.CommitChanges();

// XNA 4.0

// 当任何效果属性改变需要调用EffectPass.Apply()

// 否则就删除它

// XNA 3.1

// 开始一个效果

effect.Begin(SaveStateMode.SaveState);

effect.CurrentTechnique.Passes[0].Begin();

// XNA 4.0

// 开始一个效果

effect.CurrentTechnique.Passes[0].Apply();

// XNA 3.1

// 结束一个效果

effect.CurrentTechnique.Passes[0].End();

effect.End();

// XNA 4.0

// 如果不需要可直接删除

// XNA 3.1

// 产生一个效果的克隆体

Effect newEffect = replacementEffect.Clone(replacementEffect.GraphicsDevice);

// XNA 4.0

// 产生一个效果的克隆体

Effect newEffect = replacementEffect.Clone();

// XNA 3.1

// 启用效果中的tech

postprocessEffect.CurrentTechnique = postprocessEffect.Techniques[effectTechniqueName];

// 用预处理效果画一个全屏的精灵.

spriteBatch.Begin(SpriteBlendMode.None,SpriteSortMode.Immediate, SaveStateMode.None);

postprocessEffect.Begin();

postprocessEffect.CurrentTechnique.Passes[0].Begin();

spriteBatch.Draw(sceneRenderTarget.GetTexture(), Vector2.Zero, Color.White);

spriteBatch.End();

postprocessEffect.CurrentTechnique.Passes[0].End();

postprocessEffect.End();

// XNA 4.0

// 启用效果中的tech

postprocessEffect.CurrentTechnique = postprocessEffect.Techniques[effectTechniqueName];

// 用预处理效果画一个全屏的精灵.

spriteBatch.Begin(0, BlendState.Opaque, null, null, null, postprocessEffect);

spriteBatch.Draw(sceneRenderTarget, Vector2.Zero, Color.White);

spriteBatch.End();

ShaderProfile, TotalRealTime, TransparentBlack

// XNA 3.1

graphics.MinimumPixelShaderProfile = ShaderProfile.PS_3_0; //any PS number…

graphics.MinimumVertexShaderProfile = ShaderProfile.VS_3_0;//any VS number…

// XNA 4.0

// 不再需要该语句

// XNA 3.1

float myTime = (float)gameTime.TotalRealTime.TotalSeconds * 0.2f;

// XNA 4.0

float myTime = (float)gameTime.TotalGameTime.TotalSeconds * 0.2f;

// XNA 3.1

GraphicsDevice.Clear(Color.TransparentBlack);

// XNA 4.0

GraphicsDevice.Clear(Color.Transparent);

ResolveTexture2D, ResolveBackBuffer, RenderTarget2D, GetTexture, DepthStencilBuffer,

PresentationParameters, MultiSampleType, MultiSampleQuality, SetRenderTarget

// XNA 3.1

ResolveTexture2D sceneMap;

// XNA 4.0

RenderTarget2D sceneMap;

// XNA 3.1

// 查询主缓冲的分辨率和格式.

PresentationParameters pp = GraphicsDevice.PresentationParameters;

// 从缓冲读取一个材质数据.

sceneMap = new ResolveTexture2D(GraphicsDevice, pp.BackBufferWidth, pp.BackBufferHeight, 1,

pp.BackBufferFormat);

// XNA 4.0

// 查询主缓冲的分辨率和格式.

PresentationParameters pp = GraphicsDevice.PresentationParameters;

// 从缓冲读取一个材质数据.

sceneMap = new RenderTarget2D(GraphicsDevice, pp.BackBufferWidth, pp.BackBufferHeight,

false, pp.BackBufferFormat,

pp.DepthStencilFormat);

//or

sceneMap = new RenderTarget2D(GraphicsDevice, pp.BackBufferWidth, pp.BackBufferHeight,

false, pp.BackBufferFormat,

pp.DepthStencilFormat, pp.MultiSampleCount,

RenderTargetUsage.DiscardContents);

// XNA 3.1

GraphicsDevice.ResolveBackBuffer(sceneMap);

// XNA 4.0

GraphicsDevice.SetRenderTarget(sceneMap);

// XNA 3.1

int width = GraphicsDevice.Viewport.Width;

int height = GraphicsDevice.Viewport.Height;

// 创建渲染对象

myRenderTarget = new RenderTarget2D(GraphicsDevice, width, height, 1, SurfaceFormat.Color);

// XNA 4.0

int width = GraphicsDevice.Viewport.Width;

int height = GraphicsDevice.Viewport.Height;

// 创建渲染对象

myRenderTarget = new RenderTarget2D(GraphicsDevice, width, height, true,

SurfaceFormat.Color, DepthFormat.Depth24);

// XNA 3.1

PresentationParameters pp = GraphicsDevice.PresentationParameters;

// 创建自动以渲染对象

sceneRenderTarget = new RenderTarget2D(GraphicsDevice, pp.BackBufferWidth,

pp.BackBufferHeight, 1,

pp.BackBufferFormat, pp.MultiSampleType,

pp.MultiSampleQuality);

// XNA 4.0

PresentationParameters pp = GraphicsDevice.PresentationParameters;

// 创建自动以渲染对象

sceneRenderTarget = new RenderTarget2D(GraphicsDevice, pp.BackBufferWidth,

pp.BackBufferHeight, false,

pp.BackBufferFormat, pp.DepthStencilFormat,

pp.MultiSampleCount,

RenderTargetUsage.DiscardContents);

// XNA 3.1

PresentationParameters pp = GraphicsDevice.PresentationParameters;

// 配置一个深度缓冲

drawBuffer = new RenderTarget2D(GraphicsDevice, pp.BackBufferWidth, pp.BackBufferHeight, 1,

SurfaceFormat.Color, pp.MultiSampleType,

pp.MultiSampleQuality);

drawDepthBuffer = new DepthStencilBuffer(GraphicsDevice, pp.AutoDepthStencilFormat,

pp.MultiSampleType, pp.MultiSampleQuality);

// XNA 4.0

PresentationParameters pp = GraphicsDevice.PresentationParameters;

// 配置一个深度缓冲

drawBuffer = new RenderTarget2D(GraphicsDevice, pp.BackBufferWidth, pp.BackBufferHeight,

true,

SurfaceFormat.Color,DepthFormat.Depth24Stencil8,

pp.MultiSampleCount, RenderTargetUsage.DiscardContents);

//NOTE: DepthStencilBuffer 类不再存在

// XNA 3.1

spriteBatch.Draw(myRenderTarget.GetTexture(), Vector2.Zero, Color.White);

// XNA 4.0

spriteBatch.Draw(myRenderTarget, Vector2.Zero, Color.White); // NOTE: “.GetTexure()” 不再

需要

// XNA 3.1

Texture2D myTexture = myRenderTarget.GetTexture();

// XNA 4.0

Texture2D myTexture = myRenderTarget; // NOTE: “.GetTexure()” No longer needed

// XNA 3.1

GraphicsDevice.SetRenderTarget(0, myRenderTarget);

// XNA 4.0

GraphicsDevice.SetRenderTarget(myRenderTarget);

// XNA 3.1

// 设置两个渲染目标

GraphicsDevice.SetRenderTarget(0, colorRT);

GraphicsDevice.SetRenderTarget(1, depthRT);

// XNA 4.0

// 设置两个渲染目标

GraphicsDevice.SetRenderTargets(colorRT, depthRT);

// XNA 3.1

GraphicsDevice.SetRenderTarget(0, null);

// XNA 4.0

GraphicsDevice.SetRenderTarget(null);

// XNA 3.1

// 将深度缓冲解析为深度图

GraphicsDevice.ResolveBackBuffer(depthMap);

// 绘制场景图, 用深度图模糊它

GraphicsDevice.Textures[1] = depthMap;

Viewport viewport = GraphicsDevice.Viewport;

dofEffect.CurrentTechnique = depthBlurTechnique;

DrawFullscreenQuad(sceneMap, viewport.Width, viewport.Height, dofEffect);

// XNA 4.0

// 将深度缓冲解析为深度图

GraphicsDevice.SetRenderTarget(null);

// 绘制场景图, 用深度图模糊它

GraphicsDevice.Textures[1] = depthMap;

GraphicsDevice.SamplerStates[1] = SamplerState.PointClamp;

Viewport viewport = GraphicsDevice.Viewport;

dofEffect.CurrentTechnique = depthBlurTechnique;

DrawFullscreenQuad(sceneMap, viewport.Width, viewport.Height, dofEffect);

// XNA 3.1

ResolveTexture2D resolveTarget;

RenderTarget2D renderTarget1;

RenderTarget2D renderTarget2;

// 查找主缓冲的分辨率和格式.

PresentationParameters pp = GraphicsDevice.PresentationParameters;

int width = pp.BackBufferWidth;

int height = pp.BackBufferHeight;

SurfaceFormat format = pp.BackBufferFormat;

// 创建一个材质读取缓冲中的内容.

resolveTarget = new ResolveTexture2D(GraphicsDevice, width, height, 1, format);

// Create two rendertargets half size for the bloom processing.

width /= 2;

height /= 2;

renderTarget1 = new RenderTarget2D(GraphicsDevice, width, height, 1,format);

renderTarget2 = new RenderTarget2D(GraphicsDevice, width, height, 1,format);

// … In the Draw Method…

GraphicsDevice.ResolveBackBuffer(resolveTarget);

// …apply effect and draw pass 1…

// XNA 4.0

RenderTarget2D sceneRenderTarget;

RenderTarget2D renderTarget1;

RenderTarget2D renderTarget2;

// 查找主缓冲的分辨率和格式. .

PresentationParameters pp = GraphicsDevice.PresentationParameters;

int width = pp.BackBufferWidth;

int height = pp.BackBufferHeight;

SurfaceFormat format = pp.BackBufferFormat;

// Create a texture for rendering the main scene, prior to applying bloom.

sceneRenderTarget = new RenderTarget2D(GraphicsDevice, width, height, false,

format, pp.DepthStencilFormat, pp.MultiSampleCount,

RenderTargetUsage.DiscardContents);

// Create two rendertargets half size for the bloom processing.

width /= 2;

height /= 2;

renderTarget1 = new RenderTarget2D(GraphicsDevice, width, height, false, format,

DepthFormat.None);

renderTarget2 = new RenderTarget2D(GraphicsDevice, width, height, false, format,

DepthFormat.None);

// …In the Draw Method…

GraphicsDevice.SetRenderTarget(sceneRenderTarget);

GraphicsDevice.SamplerStates[1] = SamplerState.LinearClamp;

// …apply effect and draw pass 1….

VertexDeclaration, Vertices, VertexElements, SizeInBytes

// XNA 3.1

// Vertex declaration for rendering our 3D model.

GraphicsDevice.VertexDeclaration = new VertexDeclaration

(VertexPositionTexture.VertexElements);

// XNA 4.0

// Delete it. No longer needed.

// XNA 3.1

// set vertex buffer and declaration

GraphicsDevice.VertexDeclaration = vertexDeclaration;

GraphicsDevice.Vertices[0].SetSource(vertexBuffer, 0, VertexPositionTexture.SizeInBytes);

// XNA 4.0

// set vertex buffer and declaration

GraphicsDevice.SetVertexBuffer(vertexBuffer);

// XNA 3.1

// create vertex declaration

vertexDeclaration = new VertexDeclaration(GraphicsDevice,

VertexPositionTexture.VertexElements);

// XNA 4.0

// create vertex declaration

vertexDeclaration = new VertexDeclaration

(VertexPositionTexture.VertexDeclaration.GetVertexElements());

// XNA 3.1

// reset vertex buffer declaration

GraphicsDevice.VertexDeclaration = null;

GraphicsDevice.Vertices[0].SetSource(null, 0, 0);

// XNA 4.0

// reset vertex buffer declaration

GraphicsDevice.SetVertexBuffer(null);

// XNA 3.1

// the vertices array

VertexPositionNormalTexture[] vertices = new VertexPositionNormalTexture[100];

// set new particles to vertex buffer

vertexBuffer.SetData<VertexPositionNormalTexture>(VertexPositionNormalTexture.SizeInBytes *

vertexCount,

vertices,vertexCount,count,VertexPositionNormalTexture.SizeInBytes);

// XNA 4.0

// the vertices array

VertexPositionNormalTexture[] vertices = new VertexPositionNormalTexture[100];

// set new particles to vertex buffer

vertexBuffer.SetData<VertexPositionNormalTexture>(vertices);

VertexBuffer, StreamOffset, VertexStride, IndexBuffer, BaseVertex

// XNA 3.1

// for each mesh part

foreach (ModelMeshPart meshPart in mesh.MeshParts)

{

// if primitives to render

if (meshPart.PrimitiveCount > 0)

{

// setup vertices and indices

GraphicsDevice.VertexDeclaration = meshPart.VertexDeclaration;

GraphicsDevice.Vertices[0].SetSource(mesh.VertexBuffer, meshPart.StreamOffset,

meshPart.VertexStride);

GraphicsDevice.Indices = mesh.IndexBuffer;

…

// XNA 4.0

GraphicsDevice.SamplerStates[0] = SamplerState.LinearWrap; // may be needed in some

cases…

// for each mesh part

foreach (ModelMeshPart meshPart in mesh.MeshParts)

{

// if primitives to render

if (meshPart.PrimitiveCount > 0)

{

// setup vertices and indices

GraphicsDevice.SetVertexBuffer(meshPart.VertexBuffer);

GraphicsDevice.Indices = meshPart.IndexBuffer;

…

// XNA 3.1

// draw primitives

GraphicsDevice.DrawIndexedPrimitives(PrimitiveType.TriangleList,

meshPart.BaseVertex, 0, meshPart.NumVertices,

meshPart.StartIndex, meshPart.PrimitiveCount);

// XNA 4.0

// draw primitives

GraphicsDevice.DrawIndexedPrimitives(PrimitiveType.TriangleList,

meshPart.VertexOffset, 0, meshPart.NumVertices,

meshPart.StartIndex, meshPart.PrimitiveCount);

Points, PointSpriteEnable, PointSizeMax, PointList

// XNA 3.1

// create the vertex buffer

vertexBuffer = new VertexBuffer(GraphicsDevice, typeof(VertexPositionNormalTexture),

250, BufferUsage.WriteOnly | BufferUsage.Points);

// XNA 4.0

// create the vertex buffer

vertexBuffer = new VertexBuffer(GraphicsDevice, typeof(VertexPositionNormalTexture),

250, BufferUsage.WriteOnly | BufferUsage.None);

// XNA 3.1

// enable point sprite 3.1

GraphicsDevice.RenderState.PointSpriteEnable = true;

GraphicsDevice.RenderState.PointSizeMax = 128;

// XNA 4.0

// Delete it. No longer available.

// XNA 3.1

// draw the point sprites

GraphicsDevice.DrawPrimitives(PrimitiveType.PointList, vertexPosition, numberVertices);

// XNA 4.0

// draw the point sprites

GraphicsDevice.DrawPrimitives(PrimitiveType.LineList, vertexPosition, numberVertices);

OpenContainer, BeginShowStorageDeviceSelector, EndShowStorageDeviceSelector, Path,

TitleLocation, FileStream

// XNA 3.1

// open the container

StorageContainer storageContainer = storageDevice.OpenContainer(“YourGameName”);

// XNA 4.0

//To make life easier simply create a method to replace the storageDevice.OpenContainer…

/// <summary>

/// Synchronously opens storage container

/// </summary>

private static StorageContainer OpenContainer(StorageDevice storageDevice, string

saveGameName)

{

IAsyncResult result = storageDevice.BeginOpenContainer(saveGameName, null, null);

// Wait for the WaitHandle to become signaled.

result.AsyncWaitHandle.WaitOne();

StorageContainer container = storageDevice.EndOpenContainer(result);

// Close the wait handle.

result.AsyncWaitHandle.Close();

return container;

}

// open the container

StorageContainer storageContainer = OpenContainer(storageDevice, “YourGameName”);



// XNA 3.1

// retrieve the storage device

Guide.BeginShowStorageDeviceSelector(GetStorageDeviceResult, retrievalDelegate);

// XNA 4.0

// retrieve the storage device

if (!Guide.IsVisible)

{

StorageDevice.BeginShowSelector(GetStorageDeviceResult, retrievalDelegate);

}



// XNA 3.1

// retrieve and store the storage device

storageDevice = Guide.EndShowStorageDeviceSelector(result);

// XNA 4.0

// retrieve and store the storage device

storageDevice = StorageDevice.EndShowSelector(result);



// XNA 3.1

// get the level setup files

string[] filenames = Directory.GetFiles(storageContainer.Path, “LevelSetup*.xml”);

// XNA 4.0

// get the level setup files

string[] filenames = storageContainer.GetFileNames(“LevelSetup*.xml””);



// XNA 3.1

// save game level data

using (FileStream stream = new FileStream(Path.Combine(storageContainer.Path,

levelFilename), FileMode.Create))

{

new XmlSerializer(typeof(SaveGameLevel)).Serialize(stream, levelData);

}

// XNA 4.0

// save game level data

using (Stream stream = storageContainer.OpenFile(levelFilename, FileMode.Create))

{

new XmlSerializer(typeof(SaveGameLevel)).Serialize(stream, levelData);

}

// XNA 3.1

// Delete the saved game level data.

using (StorageContainer storageContainer = storageDevice.OpenContainer(“saveGameName”))

{

File.Delete(Path.Combine(storageContainer.Path, saveGameLevel.FileName));

File.Delete(Path.Combine(storageContainer.Path, “SaveGameLevel” +

Path.GetFileNameWithoutExtension(saveGameLevel.FileName).Substring(8) +”.xml”));

}

// XNA 4.0

// Delete the saved game level data. NOTE: using OpenContainer method created in previous

example

using (StorageContainer storageContainer = OpenContainer(storageDevice, “saveGameName”))

{

storageContainer.DeleteFile(saveGameLevel.FileName);

storageContainer.DeleteFile(“SaveGameLevel” +

Path.GetFileNameWithoutExtension(saveGameLevel.FileName).Substring(8) + “.xml”);

}



// XNA 3.1

//Load the Next Level…

// Find the path of the next level.

string levelPath;

// Loop here so we can try again when we can’t find a level.

while (true)

{

// Try to find the next level. They are sequentially numbered txt files.

levelPath = String.Format(“Levels/{0}.txt”, ++levelIndex);

levelPath = Path.Combine(StorageContainer.TitleLocation, “Content/” + levelPath);

if (File.Exists(levelPath))

break;

// If there isn’t even a level 0, something has gone wrong.

if (levelIndex == 0)

throw new Exception(“No levels found.”);

// Whenever we can’t find a level, start over again at 0.

levelIndex = -1;

}

// Unloads the content for the current level before loading the next one.

if (level != null)

level.Dispose();

// Load the level.

level = new Level(Services, levelPath);

// XNA 4.0

// Load the Next Level…

// move to the next level

levelIndex = (levelIndex + 1) % numberOfLevels;

// Unloads the content for the current level before loading the next one.

if (level != null)

level.Dispose();

// Load the level.

string levelPath = string.Format(“Content/Levels/{0}.txt”, levelIndex);

using (Stream fileStream = TitleContainer.OpenStream(levelPath))

level = new Level(Services, fileStream, levelIndex);





// XNA 3.1

//Save the current state of the session, with the given storage device.

// check the parameter

if ((storageDevice == null) || !storageDevice.IsConnected)

{

return;

}

// open the container

using (StorageContainer storageContainer = storageDevice.OpenContainer

(Session.SaveGameContainerName))

{

string filename;

string descriptionFilename;

// get the filenames

if (overwriteDescription == null)

{

int saveGameIndex = 0;

string testFilename;

do

{

saveGameIndex++;

testFilename = Path.Combine(storageContainer.Path, “SaveGame” +

saveGameIndex.ToString() + “.xml”);

}

while (File.Exists(testFilename));

filename = testFilename;

descriptionFilename = “SaveGameDescription” + saveGameIndex.ToString() + “.xml”;

}

else

{

filename = Path.Combine(storageContainer.Path, overwriteDescription.FileName);

descriptionFilename = “SaveGameDescription” +

Path.GetFileNameWithoutExtension(overwriteDescription.FileName).Substring(8) +

“.xml”;

}

using (FileStream stream = new FileStream(filename, FileMode.Create))

{

using (XmlWriter xmlWriter = XmlWriter.Create(stream))

{

//create and write xml data…

}

}

// create the save game description

SaveGameDescription description = new SaveGameDescription();

description.FileName = Path.GetFileName(filename);

description.ChapterName = IsQuestLineComplete ? “Quest Line Complete” : Quest.Name;

description.Description = DateTime.Now.ToString();

using (FileStream stream = new FileStream(Path.Combine(storageContainer.Path,

descriptionFilename), FileMode.Create))

{

new XmlSerializer(typeof(SaveGameDescription)).Serialize(stream, description);

}

}

// XNA 4.0

//Save the current state of the session, with the given storage device.

// check the parameter

if ((storageDevice == null) || !storageDevice.IsConnected)

{

return;

}

// open the container Note: using OpenContainer method from previous examples

using (StorageContainer storageContainer = OpenContainer(storageDevice,

Session.SaveGameContainerName))

{

string filename;

string descriptionFilename;

// get the filenames

if (overwriteDescription == null)

{

int saveGameIndex = 0;

string testFilename;

do

{

saveGameIndex++;

testFilename = “SaveGame” + saveGameIndex.ToString() + “.xml”;

}

while (storageContainer.FileExists(testFilename));

filename = testFilename;

descriptionFilename = “SaveGameDescription” + saveGameIndex.ToString() + “.xml”;

}

else

{

filename = overwriteDescription.FileName;

descriptionFilename = “SaveGameDescription” +

Path.GetFileNameWithoutExtension(overwriteDescription.FileName).Substring(8) +

“.xml”;

}

// Note: using Stream instead of FileStream…

using (Stream stream = storageContainer.OpenFile(filename, FileMode.Create))

{

using (XmlWriter xmlWriter = XmlWriter.Create(stream))

{

//create and write xml data…

}

}

// create the save game description

SaveGameDescription description = new SaveGameDescription();

description.FileName = Path.GetFileName(filename);

description.ChapterName = IsQuestLineComplete ? “Quest Line Complete” : Quest.Name;

description.Description = DateTime.Now.ToString();

// Note: using Stream instead of FileStream…

using (Stream stream = storageContainer.OpenFile(descriptionFilename, FileMode.Create))

{

new XmlSerializer(typeof(SaveGameDescription)).Serialize(stream, description);

}

}

VertexShader, PixelShader, ps_1_x

// XNA 3.1

VertexShaderOutput VertexShader(…)

{

//some code

}

float4 PixelShader(…)

{

// some code

}

// XNA 4.0

// VertexShader can not be used

VertexShaderOutput VertexShaderFunction(…)

{

// some code

}

// PixelShader can not be used

float4 PixelShaderFunction(…)

{

// some code

}

// XNA 3.1

technique

{

pass

{

VertexShader = compile vs_1_1 VertexShader();

PixelShader = compile ps_1_1 PixelShader();

}

}

// XNA 4.0

technique

{

pass

{

VertexShader = compile vs_2_0 VertexShaderFunction(); //VertexShader can not be

used & set vs higher than 1_1

PixelShader = compile ps_2_0 PixelShaderFunction(); //PixelShader can not be used

& set ps higher than 1_1

}

}

XNA Model drawn inside out, slightly transparent, missing parts or just looks wrong

// Set suitable renderstates for drawing a 3D model

GraphicsDevice.BlendState = BlendState.Opaque;

GraphicsDevice.DepthStencilState = DepthStencilState.Default;

// your model draw code starts here…

========