openid什么意思_openId

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在使用Identity Server作Identity Provider的时候，我们在NetCore的ConfigureServices((IServiceCollection services))方法中,常需要指定options的Authority，如下代码所示：

 public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
        {
            services.AddControllersWithViews();
          
            //
            #region MVC client
            //关闭了 JWT 身份信息类型映射
            //这样就允许 well-known 身份信息（比如，“sub” 和 “idp”）无干扰地流过。
            //这个身份信息类型映射的“清理”必须在调用 AddAuthentication()之前完成
            JwtSecurityTokenHandler.DefaultInboundClaimTypeMap.Clear();
            services.AddAuthentication(options =>
            {
                options.DefaultScheme = "Cookies";
                options.DefaultChallengeScheme = "oidc";
            })
               .AddCookie("Cookies")

              .AddOpenIdConnect("oidc", options =>
              {
                
                  options.Authority = "http://localhost:5001";
                  options.RequireHttpsMetadata = false;
                  options.ClientId = "code_client";
                  //Client secret
                  options.ClientSecret = "511536EF-F270-4058-80CA-1C89C192F69A".ToString();
                  //code方式
                  options.ResponseType = "code";
                  //Scope可以理解为申请何种操作范围
                  options.Scope.Add("code_scope1"); //添加授权资源
   
                  options.SaveTokens = true;
                  options.GetClaimsFromUserInfoEndpoint = true;
                
              });

            #endregion
            services.ConfigureNonBreakingSameSiteCookies();
        }

　　其中options.Authority = “http://localhost:5001″需要设置，如果把它注释掉，则会报如下的错误，从这个异常看得出来，应该是Authority没有设置：

openid什么意思_openId

那么为什么我们一定要设置.Authority 呢？我们一步一步来看看：

1.在调用services.AddOpenIdConnect方法时，实质调用的是OpenIdConnectExtensions静态类的AddOpenIdConnect静态方法，如下所示：

 public static AuthenticationBuilder AddOpenIdConnect(this AuthenticationBuilder builder, string authenticationScheme, string? displayName, Action<OpenIdConnectOptions> configureOptions)
        {
            builder.Services.TryAddEnumerable(ServiceDescriptor.Singleton<IPostConfigureOptions<OpenIdConnectOptions>, OpenIdConnectPostConfigureOptions>());
            return builder.AddRemoteScheme<OpenIdConnectOptions, OpenIdConnectHandler>(authenticationScheme, displayName, configureOptions);
        }

　2.从上面的代码看得出，实际上调用的是AuthenticationBuilder的AddRemoteScheme扩展方法，如下所示：

/// <summary>
        /// Adds a <see cref="AuthenticationScheme"/> which can be used by <see cref="IAuthenticationService"/>.
        /// </summary>
        /// <typeparam name="TOptions">The <see cref="AuthenticationSchemeOptions"/> type to configure the handler."/>.</typeparam>
        /// <typeparam name="THandler">The <see cref="AuthenticationHandler{TOptions}"/> used to handle this scheme.</typeparam>
        /// <param name="authenticationScheme">The name of this scheme.</param>
        /// <param name="displayName">The display name of this scheme.</param>
        /// <param name="configureOptions">Used to configure the scheme options.</param>
        /// <returns>The builder.</returns>
        public virtual AuthenticationBuilder AddScheme<TOptions, [DynamicallyAccessedMembers(DynamicallyAccessedMemberTypes.PublicConstructors)]THandler>(string authenticationScheme, string? displayName, Action<TOptions>? configureOptions)
            where TOptions : AuthenticationSchemeOptions, new()
            where THandler : AuthenticationHandler<TOptions>
            => AddSchemeHelper<TOptions, THandler>(authenticationScheme, displayName, configureOptions);

 private AuthenticationBuilder AddSchemeHelper<TOptions, [DynamicallyAccessedMembers(DynamicallyAccessedMemberTypes.PublicConstructors)]THandler>(string authenticationScheme, string? displayName, Action<TOptions>? configureOptions)
            where TOptions : AuthenticationSchemeOptions, new()
            where THandler : class, IAuthenticationHandler
        {
            Services.Configure<AuthenticationOptions>(o =>
            {
                //注册Scheme对应的HandlerType
                o.AddScheme(authenticationScheme, scheme => {
                    scheme.HandlerType = typeof(THandler);
                    scheme.DisplayName = displayName;
                });
            });
            if (configureOptions != null)
            {
                Services.Configure(authenticationScheme, configureOptions);
            }
            //Options验证
            Services.AddOptions<TOptions>(authenticationScheme).Validate(o => {
                o.Validate(authenticationScheme);
                return true;
            });
            Services.AddTransient<THandler>();
            return this;
        }

看得出来，实际上调用的是AddSchemeHelper方法，在这个方法里，有一个很重要的Options验证：

 Services.AddOptions<TOptions>(authenticationScheme).Validate(o => {
                o.Validate(authenticationScheme);
                return true;
            });

在这里需要对AuthenticationSchemeOptions进行验证

3.上一步的Options验证中实际上调用的是OpenIdConnectOptions类的Validate方法，如下所示：

 /// <summary>
        /// Check that the options are valid.  Should throw an exception if things are not ok.
        /// </summary>
        public override void Validate()
        {
            base.Validate();

            if (MaxAge.HasValue && MaxAge.Value < TimeSpan.Zero)
            {
                throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException(nameof(MaxAge), MaxAge.Value, "The value must not be a negative TimeSpan.");
            }

            if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(ClientId))
            {
                throw new ArgumentException("Options.ClientId must be provided", nameof(ClientId));
            }

            if (!CallbackPath.HasValue)
            {
                throw new ArgumentException("Options.CallbackPath must be provided.", nameof(CallbackPath));
            }

            //如果Authority没有设置,则报下面这个异常
            if (ConfigurationManager == null)
            {
                throw new InvalidOperationException($"Provide {nameof(Authority)}, {nameof(MetadataAddress)}, "
                + $"{nameof(Configuration)}, or {nameof(ConfigurationManager)} to {nameof(OpenIdConnectOptions)}");
            }
        }

　　从这里看得出来，如果ConfigurationManager为空，则就会报前面中的异常了，所以异常就是这么来的。

4.那么为什么ConfigurationManager为空呢？我们回顾OpenIdConnectExtensions的AddOpenIdConnect方法：

   public static AuthenticationBuilder AddOpenIdConnect(this AuthenticationBuilder builder, string authenticationScheme, string? displayName, Action<OpenIdConnectOptions> configureOptions)
        {
            builder.Services.TryAddEnumerable(ServiceDescriptor.Singleton<IPostConfigureOptions<OpenIdConnectOptions>, OpenIdConnectPostConfigureOptions>());
            return builder.AddRemoteScheme<OpenIdConnectOptions, OpenIdConnectHandler>(authenticationScheme, displayName, configureOptions);
        }

看得出AuthenticationBuilder的Services添加了一个名为OpenIdConnectPostConfigureOptions的单例服务： builder.Services.TryAddEnumerable(ServiceDescriptor.Singleton<IPostConfigureOptions<OpenIdConnectOptions>, OpenIdConnectPostConfigureOptions>());

继续看下OpenIdConnectPostConfigureOptions的源码：

      /// <summary>
        /// Invoked to post configure a TOptions instance.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="name">The name of the options instance being configured.</param>
        /// <param name="options">The options instance to configure.</param>
        public void PostConfigure(string name, OpenIdConnectOptions options)
        {
            options.DataProtectionProvider = options.DataProtectionProvider ?? _dp;

            if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(options.SignOutScheme))
            {
                options.SignOutScheme = options.SignInScheme;
            }

            if (options.StateDataFormat == null)
            {
                var dataProtector = options.DataProtectionProvider.CreateProtector(
                    typeof(OpenIdConnectHandler).FullName!, name, "v1");
                options.StateDataFormat = new PropertiesDataFormat(dataProtector);
            }

            if (options.StringDataFormat == null)
            {
                var dataProtector = options.DataProtectionProvider.CreateProtector(
                    typeof(OpenIdConnectHandler).FullName!,
                    typeof(string).FullName!,
                    name,
                    "v1");

                options.StringDataFormat = new SecureDataFormat<string>(new StringSerializer(), dataProtector);
            }

            if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(options.TokenValidationParameters.ValidAudience) && !string.IsNullOrEmpty(options.ClientId))
            {
                options.TokenValidationParameters.ValidAudience = options.ClientId;
            }

            if (options.Backchannel == null)
            {
                options.Backchannel = new HttpClient(options.BackchannelHttpHandler ?? new HttpClientHandler());
                options.Backchannel.DefaultRequestHeaders.UserAgent.ParseAdd("Microsoft ASP.NET Core OpenIdConnect handler");
                options.Backchannel.Timeout = options.BackchannelTimeout;
                options.Backchannel.MaxResponseContentBufferSize = 1024 * 1024 * 10; // 10 MB
            }

            if (options.ConfigurationManager == null)
            {
                if (options.Configuration != null)
                {
                    options.ConfigurationManager = new StaticConfigurationManager<OpenIdConnectConfiguration>(options.Configuration);
                }
                else if (!(string.IsNullOrEmpty(options.MetadataAddress) && string.IsNullOrEmpty(options.Authority)))
                {
                    if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(options.MetadataAddress) && !string.IsNullOrEmpty(options.Authority))
                    {
                        options.MetadataAddress = options.Authority;
                        if (!options.MetadataAddress.EndsWith("/", StringComparison.Ordinal))
                        {
                            options.MetadataAddress += "/";
                        }

                        options.MetadataAddress += ".well-known/openid-configuration";
                    }

                    if (options.RequireHttpsMetadata && !(options.MetadataAddress?.StartsWith("https://", StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase) ?? false))
                    {
                        throw new InvalidOperationException("The MetadataAddress or Authority must use HTTPS unless disabled for development by setting RequireHttpsMetadata=false.");
                    }

                    options.ConfigurationManager = new ConfigurationManager<OpenIdConnectConfiguration>(options.MetadataAddress, new OpenIdConnectConfigurationRetriever(),
                        new HttpDocumentRetriever(options.Backchannel) { RequireHttps = options.RequireHttpsMetadata })
                    {
                        RefreshInterval = options.RefreshInterval,
                        AutomaticRefreshInterval = options.AutomaticRefreshInterval,
                    };
                }
            }
        }

注意看两个if语句，才发现OpenIdConnectOptions的Authority和MetadataAddress在都没有设置的情况下，OpenIdConnectOptions的ConfigurationManager为空！

所以，从上文看得出，如果不设置OpenIdConnectOptions的Authority，那么无法进行OpenIdConnect认证哦！

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