多进程多线程的区别_多进程和多线程效率

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前一篇文章介绍了单任务的HTTP服务器，那么如何实现多任务的呢，本篇文章将实现HTTP服务的并发处理，分别从多进程，多线程，协程的方法来实现，代码有点多，引入了3个文件，重复度有点高，读者只看关键部分，就好了，主要是服务端的数据收发阶段。

测试方法：将html文件方法和代码同路径下，运行代码，在浏览器中输入IP：端口/XX.html即可看到成功解析html文件（这里不讨论html中的内容，只需明白实现思路即可）
如图：

****1. 多进程实现HTTP服务器的并发

import socket
import re
import multiprocessing
""" TCP 的服务端 1，socket 创建socket 2.bind 绑定IP和端口 3.listen 处于监听状态 4.accept 接进来客户端的连接 5.recv/send 接受或者发送信息 6.close 关闭 """
def tcp_creat_socket():
tcp_ser = socket.socket(family=socket.AF_INET, type=socket.SOCK_STREAM)
return tcp_ser
def tcp_bind_listern_info(tcp_socket):
SER_IP = "127.0.0.1"
# SER_PORT = int(input("服务器绑定的端口:"))
SER_PORT = 7080
SER_INFO = (SER_IP, SER_PORT)
tcp_socket.bind(SER_INFO)
LISTEN_NUM = 10
tcp_socket.listen(LISTEN_NUM)
return SER_INFO
def tcp_accept(tcp_socket,ser_info):
# accept 1默认会阻塞，2并返回一个新的套接字用于和接进来的客户端进行数据传输，3并记录客户端的信息,为用户进行服务
print("服务器的IP：%s,端口:%d,正在等待新的客户端的到来" % (ser_info[0], ser_info[1]))
tcp_ser_new_socket, client_addr = tcp_socket.accept()
print("客户端已经到来,信息如下:%s" % str(client_addr))
return tcp_ser_new_socket
def tcp_recv_message(tcp_socket):
# recv 返回值为空时，则客户端调用了close
tcp_ser_recv_info = tcp_socket.recv(1024)
if "exit" == tcp_ser_recv_info or None == tcp_ser_recv_info:
print("recv_info error")
# GET / HTTP/1.1
# Host: www.baidu.com
# Connection: keep-alive
# sec-ch-ua: "Chromium";v="92", " Not A;Brand";v="99", "Google Chrome";v="92"
# sec-ch-ua-mobile: ?0
print(">"*120)
print("服务端接收:%s" % tcp_ser_recv_info.decode("utf-8").splitlines()[0])
ret = re.match(r"[^/]+(/[^ ]*)", tcp_ser_recv_info.decode("utf-8").splitlines()[0])
if ret:
http_page_name = ret.group(1)
return http_page_name
def tcp_send_message(tcp_socket, page_name):
# send_info = str(input("输入服务端发送的信息:"))
if "/" == page_name:
page_name = "index"  # 默认的页面
try:
f = open(f"./{ 
page_name}.html", "rb")   # 二进制文件
html_file = f.read()
f.close()
except:
header = "HTTP/1.1 404 NOT FOUND\r\n"  # 相应头部
respone = "\r\n"  # 空行
http_headr = header + respone + f"{ 
page_name} not fount ,please again"
tcp_socket.send(http_headr.encode("utf-8"))
else:
header = "HTTP/1.1 200 OK\r\n"  # 相应头部
respone = "\r\n"  # 空行
http_headr = header + respone
http_body = html_file
tcp_socket.send(http_headr.encode("utf-8"))
tcp_socket.send(http_body)
tcp_socket.close()
def tcp_close(tcp_socket):
tcp_socket.close()
def service_client(new_socket):
# recv
page_name = tcp_recv_message(tcp_socket=new_socket)
# send
tcp_send_message(tcp_socket=new_socket, page_name=page_name)
def CC_server():
# 创建
tcp_ser =tcp_creat_socket()
# bind and listen
ser_info = tcp_bind_listern_info(tcp_socket=tcp_ser)
while True:  # 循环为多个客户端服务，一直处于监听状态
new_socket = tcp_accept(tcp_socket=tcp_ser, ser_info=ser_info)
p_client = multiprocessing.Process(target=service_client,args=(new_socket,))  # 启动一个线程去执行客户端的服务
p_client.start()
new_socket.close()
# close 关闭发送数据的客户端的连接
tcp_close(tcp_socket=new_socket)
# close
tcp_close(tcp_socket=tcp_ser)
if __name__ == "__main__":
CC_server()

2. 多线程实现HTTP服务器的并发

import socket
import re
import threading
""" TCP 的服务端 1，socket 创建socket 2.bind 绑定IP和端口 3.listen 处于监听状态 4.accept 接进来客户端的连接 5.recv/send 接受或者发送信息 6.close 关闭 """
def tcp_creat_socket():
tcp_ser = socket.socket(family=socket.AF_INET, type=socket.SOCK_STREAM)
return tcp_ser
def tcp_bind_listern_info(tcp_socket):
SER_IP = "127.0.0.1"
# SER_PORT = int(input("服务器绑定的端口:"))
SER_PORT = 7080
SER_INFO = (SER_IP, SER_PORT)
tcp_socket.bind(SER_INFO)
LISTEN_NUM = 10
tcp_socket.listen(LISTEN_NUM)
return SER_INFO
def tcp_accept(tcp_socket,ser_info):
# accept 1默认会阻塞，2并返回一个新的套接字用于和接进来的客户端进行数据传输，3并记录客户端的信息,为用户进行服务
print("服务器的IP：%s,端口:%d,正在等待新的客户端的到来" % (ser_info[0], ser_info[1]))
tcp_ser_new_socket, client_addr = tcp_socket.accept()
print("客户端已经到来,信息如下:%s" % str(client_addr))
return tcp_ser_new_socket
def tcp_recv_message(tcp_socket):
# recv 返回值为空时，则客户端调用了close
tcp_ser_recv_info = tcp_socket.recv(1024)
if "exit" == tcp_ser_recv_info or None == tcp_ser_recv_info:
print("recv_info error")
# GET / HTTP/1.1
# Host: www.baidu.com
# Connection: keep-alive
# sec-ch-ua: "Chromium";v="92", " Not A;Brand";v="99", "Google Chrome";v="92"
# sec-ch-ua-mobile: ?0
print(">"*120)
print("服务端接收:%s" % tcp_ser_recv_info.decode("utf-8").splitlines()[0])
ret = re.match(r"[^/]+(/[^ ]*)", tcp_ser_recv_info.decode("utf-8").splitlines()[0])
if ret:
http_page_name = ret.group(1)
return http_page_name
def tcp_send_message(tcp_socket, page_name):
# send_info = str(input("输入服务端发送的信息:"))
if "/" == page_name:
page_name = "index"  # 默认的页面
try:
f = open(f"./{ 
page_name}.html", "rb")   # 二进制文件
html_file = f.read()
f.close()
except:
header = "HTTP/1.1 404 NOT FOUND\r\n"  # 相应头部
respone = "\r\n"  # 空行
http_headr = header + respone + f"{ 
page_name} not fount ,please again"
tcp_socket.send(http_headr.encode("utf-8"))
else:
header = "HTTP/1.1 200 OK\r\n"  # 相应头部
respone = "\r\n"  # 空行
http_headr = header + respone
http_body = html_file
tcp_socket.send(http_headr.encode("utf-8"))
tcp_socket.send(http_body)
# tcp_socket.close()
def tcp_close(tcp_socket):
tcp_socket.close()
def service_client(new_socket):
# recv
page_name = tcp_recv_message(tcp_socket=new_socket)
# send
tcp_send_message(tcp_socket=new_socket, page_name=page_name)
def CC_server():
# 创建
tcp_ser = tcp_creat_socket()
# bind and listen
ser_info = tcp_bind_listern_info(tcp_socket=tcp_ser)
while True:  # 循环为多个客户端服务，一直处于监听状态
new_socket = tcp_accept(tcp_socket=tcp_ser, ser_info=ser_info)
th_client = threading.Thread(target=service_client,args=(new_socket,))  # 启动一个线程去执行客户端的服务,关闭在线程里面实现
th_client.start()
# close
tcp_close(tcp_socket=tcp_ser)
if __name__ == "__main__":
CC_server()

3.协程实现HTTP服务器的并发**

import socket
import re
import gevent
from gevent import monkey
""" TCP 的服务端 1，socket 创建socket 2.bind 绑定IP和端口 3.listen 处于监听状态 4.accept 接进来客户端的连接 5.recv/send 接受或者发送信息 6.close 关闭 """
monkey.patch_all()
def tcp_creat_socket():
tcp_ser = socket.socket(family=socket.AF_INET, type=socket.SOCK_STREAM)
return tcp_ser
def tcp_bind_listern_info(tcp_socket):
SER_IP = "127.0.0.1"
# SER_PORT = int(input("服务器绑定的端口:"))
SER_PORT = 7080
SER_INFO = (SER_IP, SER_PORT)
tcp_socket.bind(SER_INFO)
LISTEN_NUM = 10
tcp_socket.listen(LISTEN_NUM)
return SER_INFO
def tcp_accept(tcp_socket,ser_info):
# accept 1默认会阻塞，2并返回一个新的套接字用于和接进来的客户端进行数据传输，3并记录客户端的信息,为用户进行服务
print("服务器的IP：%s,端口:%d,正在等待新的客户端的到来" % (ser_info[0], ser_info[1]))
tcp_ser_new_socket, client_addr = tcp_socket.accept()
print("客户端已经到来,信息如下:%s" % str(client_addr))
return tcp_ser_new_socket
def tcp_recv_message(tcp_socket):
# recv 返回值为空时，则客户端调用了close
tcp_ser_recv_info = tcp_socket.recv(1024)
if "exit" == tcp_ser_recv_info or None == tcp_ser_recv_info:
print("recv_info error")
# GET / HTTP/1.1
# Host: www.baidu.com
# Connection: keep-alive
# sec-ch-ua: "Chromium";v="92", " Not A;Brand";v="99", "Google Chrome";v="92"
# sec-ch-ua-mobile: ?0
print(">"*120)
print("服务端接收:%s" % tcp_ser_recv_info.decode("utf-8").splitlines()[0])
ret = re.match(r"[^/]+(/[^ ]*)", tcp_ser_recv_info.decode("utf-8").splitlines()[0])
if ret:
http_page_name = ret.group(1)
return http_page_name
def tcp_send_message(tcp_socket, page_name):
# send_info = str(input("输入服务端发送的信息:"))
if "/" == page_name:
page_name = "index"  # 默认的页面
try:
f = open(f"./{ 
page_name}.html", "rb")   # 二进制文件
html_file = f.read()
f.close()
except:
header = "HTTP/1.1 404 NOT FOUND\r\n"  # 相应头部
respone = "\r\n"  # 空行
http_headr = header + respone + f"{ 
page_name} not fount ,please again"
tcp_socket.send(http_headr.encode("utf-8"))
else:
header = "HTTP/1.1 200 OK\r\n"  # 相应头部
respone = "\r\n"  # 空行
http_headr = header + respone
http_body = html_file
tcp_socket.send(http_headr.encode("utf-8"))
tcp_socket.send(http_body)
def tcp_close(tcp_socket):
tcp_socket.close()
def service_client(new_socket):
# recv
page_name = tcp_recv_message(tcp_socket=new_socket)
# send
tcp_send_message(tcp_socket=new_socket, page_name=page_name)
def CC_server():
# 创建
tcp_ser = tcp_creat_socket()
# bind and listen
ser_info = tcp_bind_listern_info(tcp_socket=tcp_ser)
while True:  # 循环为多个客户端服务，一直处于监听状态
new_socket = tcp_accept(tcp_socket=tcp_ser, ser_info=ser_info)
gevent.spawn(service_client, new_socket)   # 直接进行传参即可
# close
tcp_close(tcp_socket=tcp_ser)
if __name__ == "__main__":
CC_server()