Ubuntu安装gcc-7.3.0[通俗易懂]

大家好，又见面了，我是你们的朋友全栈君。

1. 下载 gcc-7.3.0.tar.gz from

https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/gnu/gcc/gcc-7.3.0/gcc-7.3.0.tar.gz.

有一些依赖提前安装：

sudo apt install libgmp-dev
sudo apt install libmpfr-dev
sudo apt install libmpc-dev
sudo apt install libisl-dev
sudo apt install zlib1g-dev
sudo apt-get install texinfo

（建议重启）
主要依赖库包如下（仅限于gcc-7.3.0版本）：

wget http://gcc.gnu.org/pub/gcc/infrastructure/gmp-6.1.0.tar.bz2
wget http://gcc.gnu.org/pub/gcc/infrastructure/mpfr-3.1.4.tar.bz2
wget http://gcc.gnu.org/pub/gcc/infrastructure/mpc-1.0.3.tar.gz
wget http://gcc.gnu.org/pub/gcc/infrastructure/isl-0.16.1.tar.bz2

把下载好的文件放到gcc文件夹下~
然后运行：

./contrib/download_prerequisites

2. 解压编译依赖
   2.1 解压编译依赖gmp-6.1.0.tar.bz2

tar jxvf gmp-6.1.0.tar.bz2
cd gmp-6.1.0
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/gmp
make && make install

2.2 解压编译依赖mpfr-3.1.4.tar.bz2

tar jxvf mpfr-3.1.4.tar.bz2
cd mpfr-3.1.4
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/mpfr --with-gmp=/usr/local/gmp
make && make install

2.3 解压编译依赖mpc-1.0.3.tar.gz

tar zxvf mpc-1.0.3.tar.gz
cd mpc-1.0.3
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/mpc  --with-gmp=/usr/local/gmp --with-mpfr=/usr/local/mpfr
make && make install

2.4 解压编译依赖isl-0.16.1.tar.bz2

tar jxvf isl-0.16.1.tar.bz2
cd isl-0.16.1
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/isl
make && make install

2.5 添加依赖的环境变量

vi ~/.bashrc
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$LD_LIBRARY_PATH:/usr/local/mpc/lib:/usr/local/gmp/lib:/usr/local/mpfr/lib/:/usr/local/isl/lib
source ~/.bashrc

把四项依赖的lib目录加入到/etc/ld.so.conf中

sudo ldconfig

需要重启系统，让环境变量生效！！！
3. 编译gcc

cd gcc-7.3.0
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/gcc-7.3.0 --enable-languages=c,c++ --disable-multilib --with-system-zlib --disable-multilib --with-gmp=/usr/local/gmp --with-mpfr=/usr/local/mpfr --with-mpc=/usr/local/mpc --with-isl=/usr/local/isl
sudo make && make install

4. 设置环境变量

在~/.bashrc文件中加入
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=.../xxx/xxx/xxx/lib64
ln -s /usr/local/gcc/bin/gcc /usr/bin/gcc