Unity 从UI中拖拽对象放置并拖动[通俗易懂]

大家好，又见面了，我是你们的朋友全栈君。

需求：点击UI，在场景中生成3D对象，对象跟随鼠标移动，放置后可再次拖拽对象，改变其位置。做了一个小Demo,如下图所示：

实现大致思路：

射线碰撞检测
对象空间坐标变换（世界坐标->屏幕坐标、屏幕坐标->世界坐标）

首先为要生成3D对象的UI添加一个鼠标监听事件，脚本如下：

SelectImage.cs

using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using UnityEngine;
using UnityEngine.EventSystems;
public class SelectImage : MonoBehaviour,IPointerDownHandler{
    //需要被实例化的预制
    public GameObject inistatePrefab;
    //实例化后的对象
    private GameObject inistateObj;

    // Use this for initialization
    void Start () {
        if (inistatePrefab==null)return;
        //实例化预制
        inistateObj=Instantiate(inistatePrefab) as GameObject;
        inistateObj.SetActive(false);
    }
    //实现鼠标按下的接口
    public void OnPointerDown(PointerEventData eventData)
    {
        inistateObj.SetActive(true);

        //将当前需要被实例化的对象传递到管理器中
        SelectObjManager.Instance.AttachNewObject(inistateObj);
    }
}

将脚本挂载到UI对象上。

创建一个对象放置管理器，用于处理拖动的放置的逻辑：

SelectObjManager.cs

using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using UnityEngine;
public class SelectObjManager : MonoBehaviour {
private static SelectObjManager _instance;
public static SelectObjManager Instance {
get { return _instance; }
}
//物体z轴距摄像机的长度
public float _zDistance = 50f;
//对象的缩放系数
public float _scaleFactor=1.2f;
//地面层级
public LayerMask _groundLayerMask;
int touchID;
bool isDragging = false;
bool isTouchInput = false;
//是否是有效的放置（如果放置在地面上返回True,否则为False）
bool isPlaceSuccess = false;
//当前要被放置的对象
public GameObject currentPlaceObj = null;
//坐标在Y轴上的偏移量
public float _YOffset=0.5F;
void Awake () {
_instance = this;
}
void Update () {
if (currentPlaceObj == null) return;
if (CheckUserInput()){
MoveCurrentPlaceObj();
}else if (isDragging){
CheckIfPlaceSuccess();
}
}
/// <summary>
///检测用户当前输入
/// </summary>
/// <returns></returns>
bool CheckUserInput () {
#if !UNITY_EDITOR&&(UNITY_ANDROID||UNITY_IOS)
if (Input.touches.Length > 0) {
if (!isTouchInput) {
isTouchInput = true;
touchID = Input.touches[0].fingerId;
return true;
} else if (Input.GetTouch (touchID).phase == TouchPhase.Ended) {
isTouchInput = false;
return false;
} else {
return true;
}
}
return false;
#else
return Input.GetMouseButton (0);
#endif
}
/// <summary>
///让当前对象跟随鼠标移动
/// </summary>
void MoveCurrentPlaceObj () {
isDragging = true;
Vector3 point;
Vector3 screenPosition;
#if !UNITY_EDITOR&&(UNITY_ANDROID||UNITY_IOS)
Touch touch = Input.GetTouch (touchID);
screenPosition = new Vector3 (touch.position.x, touch.position.y, 0);
#else
screenPosition = Input.mousePosition;
#endif
Ray ray = Camera.main.ScreenPointToRay (screenPosition);
RaycastHit hitInfo;
if (Physics.Raycast (ray, out hitInfo, 1000, _groundLayerMask)) {
point = hitInfo.point;
isPlaceSuccess = true;
} else {
point = ray.GetPoint (_zDistance);
isPlaceSuccess = false;
}
currentPlaceObj.transform.position = point+new Vector3(0,_YOffset,0);
currentPlaceObj.transform.localEulerAngles = new Vector3 (0, 60, 0);
}
/// <summary>
///在指定位置化一个对象
/// </summary>
void CreatePlaceObj(){
GameObject obj=Instantiate(currentPlaceObj) as GameObject;
obj.transform.position=currentPlaceObj.transform.position;
obj.transform.localEulerAngles=currentPlaceObj.transform.localEulerAngles;
obj.transform.localScale*=_scaleFactor;
//改变这个对象的Layer为Drag，以便后续拖动检测
obj.layer=LayerMask.NameToLayer("Drag");
}
/// <summary>
///检测是否放置成功
/// </summary>
void CheckIfPlaceSuccess(){
if (isPlaceSuccess){
CreatePlaceObj();
}
isDragging=false;
currentPlaceObj.SetActive(false);
currentPlaceObj=null;
}
/// <summary>
/// 将要创建的对象传递给当前对象管理器
/// </summary>
/// <param name="newObject"></param>
public void AttachNewObject(GameObject newObject){
if (currentPlaceObj){
currentPlaceObj.SetActive(false);
}
currentPlaceObj=newObject;
}
}

脚本中都有详细注释，我就不多解释了。

创建一个脚本，用于处理放置成功后，再次改变位置的逻辑：

DragObject.cs

using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using UnityEngine;
public class DragObject : MonoBehaviour {
//只针对指定的层级进行拖动
public LayerMask _dragLayerMask;
//指定当前要拖动的对象
public Transform currentTransform;
//是否可以拖动当前对象
public bool isDrag = false;
//用于存储当前需要拖动的对象在屏幕空间中的坐标
Vector3 screenPos = Vector3.zero;
//当前需要拖动对象的坐标相对于鼠标在世界空间坐标中的偏移量
Vector3 offset = Vector3.zero;
void Update () {
if (Input.GetMouseButtonDown (0)) {
//将鼠标输入点转化为一条射线
Ray ray = Camera.main.ScreenPointToRay (Input.mousePosition);
RaycastHit hitinfo;
//如果当前对象与指定的层级发生碰撞，表示当前对象可以被拖动
if (Physics.Raycast (ray, out hitinfo, 1000f, _dragLayerMask)) {
isDrag = true;
//将当前需要拖动的对象赋值为射线碰撞到的对象
currentTransform = hitinfo.transform;
//将当前对象的世界坐标转化为屏幕坐标
screenPos = Camera.main.WorldToScreenPoint (currentTransform.position);
//将鼠标的屏幕坐标转换为世界空间坐标，再与当前要拖动的对象计算两者的偏移量
offset = currentTransform.position - Camera.main.ScreenToWorldPoint (new Vector3 (Input.mousePosition.x, Input.mousePosition.y, screenPos.z));
} else {
isDrag = false;
}
}
if (Input.GetMouseButton (0)) {
if (isDrag == true) {
var currentScreenPos = new Vector3 (Input.mousePosition.x, Input.mousePosition.y, screenPos.z);
//鼠标的屏幕空间坐标转化为世界坐标，并加上偏移量
var currentPos = Camera.main.ScreenToWorldPoint (currentScreenPos) + offset;
currentTransform.position = currentPos;
}
}
if (Input.GetMouseButtonUp (0)) {
isDrag = false;
currentTransform = null;
}
}
}