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java是一种面向对象的语言，有着其中不用质疑的优点。学习java将近三个月了，一直在琢磨着“万物皆对象”的意义，却总是只知其表不知其意，做完这个java贪吃蛇后才有了那么一点的理解。直接上效果图。
游戏分为了六个类，分别为：
Node类：蛇身都是由一个一个节点组成，所以首先将节点抽象为一个类。
Snake类：此类是一条蛇抽象出来的一个类。一种包含了存储节点的 LinkedList 类型的集合，蛇的移动的方式是头部加一个节点，尾部减去一个节点。蛇的类有着吃蛋、越界的行为方法。
SnakeGameView类：这个类是一个游戏界面的类，用于布局游戏的界面。
GameControl类：此类用于监听键盘，从而实现对游戏的操作。
GameRunThread类：此类是一个线程类，用于不断重画界面。
DrawView类：此类继承了面板类，从而拥有了paint（）方法的使用权，用于游戏面板的重画，像方格、蛇、蛋、的重画。
其中存在一个问题，就是游戏在不断的重画过程中，会出现游戏的闪烁问题，就引出了双缓冲的技术。
在编写程序的时候，总会出现我们意料之外的情况，像游戏变量权限问题、方法归属问题，都需要我们进行思考，如何让我们的程序执行、编写起来更合理、更加符合面向对象编程的思维维，护时改动最少的代码去实现最好的效果，这些都应该是我们去思考的问题。对于游戏的越界问题，一般有两种方式：中心检测法和边界检测法，在这里我用的是边界检测法，具体情况具体选择。
程序可能有着其他不太合理之处，还请大家原谅一个学java不到三个月的求学者。谢谢大家。下面开始上源码。
Node类
public class Node {
private int nodeX;
private int nodeY;
public Node(int nodeX, int nodeY) {
this.nodeX = nodeX;
this.nodeY = nodeY;
}
public int getNodeX() {
return nodeX;
}
public void setNodeX(int nodeX) {
this.nodeX = nodeX;
}
public int getNodeY() {
return nodeY;
}
public void setNodeY(int nodeY) {
this.nodeY = nodeY;
}
}
Snake类
public class Snake {
private LinkedList<Node> snakeBody;
private Random random;
//Snake的方向 0上， 1 右 ， 2 下 ， 3 左
private int direction = 0;
private SnakeGameView snakeGameView;
public Snake(int snakeHeadX, int snakeHeadY, SnakeGameView snakeGameView) {
random = new Random();
snakeBody = new LinkedList<>();
snakeBody.add(new Node(snakeHeadX, snakeHeadY));
this.snakeGameView = snakeGameView;
}
//获取Snake的方向
public int getDirection() {
return direction;
}
//设置Snake方向
public void setDirection(int direction) {
this.direction = direction;
}
//获取Snake头部结点
public Node getSnakeHead() {
return snakeBody.getFirst();
}
//获取Snake尾部结点
public Node getSnakeTail() {
return snakeBody.getLast();
}
//获取Snake的Body
public LinkedList<Node> getSnakeBody(){
return snakeBody;
}
//Snake移动
public void snakeMove() {
switch(direction) {
case 0:
snakeBody.addFirst(new Node(getSnakeHead().getNodeX() ,getSnakeHead().getNodeY() - DrawView.VIEW_NUMBER));
break;
case 1:
snakeBody.addFirst(new Node(getSnakeHead().getNodeX() + DrawView.VIEW_NUMBER,getSnakeHead().getNodeY()));
break;
case 2:
snakeBody.addFirst(new Node(getSnakeHead().getNodeX(),getSnakeHead().getNodeY()+ DrawView.VIEW_NUMBER));
break;
case 3:
snakeBody.addFirst(new Node(getSnakeHead().getNodeX() - DrawView.VIEW_NUMBER,getSnakeHead().getNodeY()));
break;
}
snakeBody.removeLast();
}
//Snake 吃Egg
public void eatEgg(Node egg) {
if(snakeBody.getFirst().getNodeX() == egg.getNodeX() && snakeBody.getFirst().getNodeY() == egg.getNodeY()) {
snakeBody.add(egg);
//产蛋
snakeGameView.setEgg(random.nextInt(DrawView.VIEW_WIDTH - 1) * DrawView.VIEW_NUMBER,
random.nextInt(DrawView.VIEW_WIDTH - 1) * DrawView.VIEW_NUMBER);
SnakeGameView.gameScore = SnakeGameView.gameScore + 5;
snakeGameView.getJTextArea().setText(SnakeGameView.gameScore + "");
System.out.println("吃到蛋了");
}
}
//Snake越界
public void snakeRunInterface() {
if(this.getSnakeHead().getNodeX() < 0 || this.getSnakeHead().getNodeY() < 0||
this.getSnakeHead().getNodeX() > (DrawView.VIEW_WIDTH * DrawView.VIEW_NUMBER)||
this.getSnakeHead().getNodeY() > (DrawView.VIEW_WIDTH * DrawView.VIEW_NUMBER)) {
SnakeGameView.gameState = false;
}
}
}SnakeGameView类
public class SnakeGameView extends Frame{
private JLabel jl;
private DrawView drawView;
private Panel panel;
private JLabel scoreTitle;
private JLabel score;
private Panel rule;
private JTextArea hint;
private Random random;
public static boolean gameState = true;
public static int gameScore = 0;
private Snake snake;
private Node egg;
private GameRunThread grt;
private static Thread thread;
public SnakeGameView() {
random = new Random();
//初始化Snake
snake = new Snake(10 * DrawView.VIEW_NUMBER + random.nextInt(19) * DrawView.VIEW_NUMBER,
10 * DrawView.VIEW_NUMBER + random.nextInt(19) * DrawView.VIEW_NUMBER,this);
//初始化Egg
egg = new Node(random.nextInt(DrawView.VIEW_WIDTH - 1) * DrawView.VIEW_NUMBER,
random.nextInt(DrawView.VIEW_WIDTH - 1) * DrawView.VIEW_NUMBER);
//初始化画板
drawView = new DrawView(snake, egg);
grt = new GameRunThread(drawView, snake);
thread = new Thread(grt);
jl = new JLabel("SnakeGame-3.0",JLabel.CENTER);
panel = new Panel();
scoreTitle = new JLabel("Score", JLabel.CENTER);
score = new JLabel(gameScore + "", JLabel.CENTER);
rule = new Panel();
hint = new JTextArea(" 操作方式\n ↑\n ← →\n ↓\n\n【Esc】退出程序\n\n关于\n");
}
//设置鸡蛋
public void setEgg(int eggX, int eggY) {
this.egg.setNodeX(eggX);
this.egg.setNodeY(eggY);
}
//获得
public JLabel getJTextArea() {
return score;
}
//主方法
public static void main(String[] args) {
new SnakeGameView().showView();
thread.start();
}
public void showView() {
jl.setFont(new Font("宋体", 1, 18));//设置字体，0正常，1粗体
jl.setForeground(Color.white);//设置颜色
jl.setBounds(0, 0, DrawView.VIEW_HEIGHT * DrawView.VIEW_NUMBER + 70, 40);
drawView.setBackground(new Color(51,51,51));
drawView.setBounds(20, 50, DrawView.VIEW_WIDTH * DrawView.VIEW_NUMBER + 1, DrawView.VIEW_HEIGHT * DrawView.VIEW_NUMBER + 1);
panel.setLayout(null);
panel.setBackground(new Color(0,102,102));
panel.setBounds(DrawView.VIEW_WIDTH * DrawView.VIEW_NUMBER + 40, 50, 150, DrawView.VIEW_HEIGHT * DrawView.VIEW_NUMBER);
scoreTitle.setFont(new Font("宋体", 1, 18));//设置字体，0正常，1粗体
scoreTitle.setForeground(Color.white);//设置颜色
scoreTitle.setBounds(0, 0, 150, 50);
score.setFont(new Font("宋体", 1, 20));//设置字体，0正常，1粗体
score.setForeground(Color.white);//设置颜色
score.setBounds(0, 50, 150, 40);
rule.setBackground(new Color(0,128,128));
rule.setBounds(0, 90, 150, 1);
hint.setFont(new Font("宋体", 0, 16));//设置字体，0正常，1粗体
hint.setBounds(10, 100, 130, 150);
hint.setBackground(new Color(0,102,102));
panel.add(scoreTitle);
panel.add(score);
panel.add(rule);
panel.add(hint);
this.add(jl);
this.setTitle("SnakeGame-3.0");
this.setSize(DrawView.VIEW_WIDTH * DrawView.VIEW_NUMBER + 210, DrawView.VIEW_HEIGHT * DrawView.VIEW_NUMBER + 70);
this.setLocation(500, 200);
this.setLayout(null);
//this.setUndecorated(true);
this.setBackground(new Color(0,128,128));
this.add(drawView);
this.add(panel);
this.addKeyListener(new GameControl(snake));
this.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
public void windowClosing(WindowEvent we) {
System.exit(0);
}
});
this.setVisible(true);
}
}DrawView类
public class DrawView extends Panel{
//画板的宽度高度
public static final int VIEW_WIDTH = 40;
public static final int VIEW_HEIGHT = 40;
public static final int VIEW_NUMBER = 15;
private Image iBuffer;
private Graphics gBuffer;
private Snake snake;
private Node egg;
public DrawView(Snake snake, Node egg) {
this.snake = snake;
this.egg = egg;
}
public void paint(Graphics g) {
snake.snakeMove();
this.drawGridding(g);
this.drawSnake(g);
this.drawEgg(g);
snake.eatEgg(egg);
System.out.println("("+snake.getSnakeHead().getNodeX()+","+snake.getSnakeHead().getNodeY()+")");
}
public void update(Graphics g) {
if(iBuffer==null)
{
iBuffer=createImage(DrawView.VIEW_WIDTH * DrawView.VIEW_NUMBER + 1, DrawView.VIEW_HEIGHT * DrawView.VIEW_NUMBER + 1);
gBuffer=iBuffer.getGraphics();
}
gBuffer.setColor(getBackground());
gBuffer.fillRect(0,0,DrawView.VIEW_WIDTH * DrawView.VIEW_NUMBER + 1, DrawView.VIEW_HEIGHT * DrawView.VIEW_NUMBER + 1);
paint(gBuffer);
g.drawImage(iBuffer,0,0,this);
}
//画网格
public void drawGridding(Graphics g) {
g.setColor(new Color(128,128,128));
for(int i = 0; i < VIEW_WIDTH; i++) {
g.drawLine(0, i * VIEW_NUMBER, VIEW_WIDTH * VIEW_NUMBER, i * VIEW_NUMBER);
}
for(int i = 0; i < VIEW_HEIGHT; i++) {
g.drawLine(i * VIEW_NUMBER, 0, i * VIEW_NUMBER, VIEW_WIDTH * VIEW_NUMBER);
}
}
//画Snake
public void drawSnake(Graphics g) {
for(int i = 0; i < snake.getSnakeBody().size(); i ++) {
g.setColor(Color.white);
if(i == 0)
g.setColor(Color.lightGray);
g.fillRect(snake.getSnakeBody().get(i).getNodeX(), snake.getSnakeBody().get(i).getNodeY(), VIEW_NUMBER, VIEW_NUMBER);
}
}
//画Egg
public void drawEgg(Graphics g) {
g.setColor(Color.yellow);
g.fillRect(egg.getNodeX(), egg.getNodeY(), VIEW_NUMBER, VIEW_NUMBER);
}
}GameRunThread类
public class GameRunThread implements Runnable{
private int runTime = 200;
private DrawView drawView;
private Snake snake;
public GameRunThread(DrawView drawView, Snake snake) {
this.drawView = drawView;
this.snake = snake;
}
public void run() {
while(true) {
snake.snakeRunInterface();
if(SnakeGameView.gameState) {
drawView.repaint();
try {
Thread.sleep(runTime);
}catch(InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
}
}
GameControl类
public class GameControl implements KeyListener{
private Snake snake;
public GameControl(Snake snake) {
this.snake = snake;
}
public void keyReleased(KeyEvent ke) {
switch(ke.getKeyCode()) {
case KeyEvent.VK_UP:
snake.setDirection(0);
break;
case KeyEvent.VK_RIGHT:
snake.setDirection(1);
break;
case KeyEvent.VK_DOWN:
snake.setDirection(2);
break;
case KeyEvent.VK_LEFT:
snake.setDirection(3);
break;
case KeyEvent.VK_ENTER:
if(SnakeGameView.gameState == true)
SnakeGameView.gameState = false;
else
SnakeGameView.gameState = true;
break;
case KeyEvent.VK_ESCAPE:
System.exit(0);
break;
}
}
public void keyPressed(KeyEvent arg0) {}
public void keyTyped(KeyEvent arg0) {}
}
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