微信小程序蓝牙通讯蓝牙模块demo[通俗易懂]

大家好，又见面了，我是你们的朋友全栈君。

公司项目用到蓝牙和硬件通讯，APP正在开发，弄一个微信小程序蓝牙通讯的demo，可能后期会有微信蓝牙的项目，第一次搞，遇到2个坑：

1.安卓和苹果获取的硬件服务UUID顺序不同

2.目前用的这一版 “启用低功耗蓝牙设备特征值变化时的 notify 功能”在安卓和苹果的测试机上都返回启动失败，其实是已经启动成功，在我同事安卓手机上返回的正常。

index.wxml

<!--index.wxml-->
<view class="content">
  <text class="status">适配器状态：{
  
  { status }}</text>
  <text class="sousuo">是否搜索：{
  
  { sousuo }}</text>
  <text class="msg">消息：{
  
  { msg }} </text>
  <text class="msg1">消息：{
  
  { msg1 }}</text>
  <button type="primary" class="button" bindtap="lanya1">1初始化蓝牙适配器</button>
  <button type="primary" class="button" bindtap="lanya2">2本机蓝牙适配状态</button>
  <button type="primary" class="button" bindtap="lanya3">3搜索周边设备</button>
  <button type="primary" class="button" bindtap="lanya4">4获取设备后在列表中连接</button>
  <button type="primary" class="button" bindtap="lanya5">5停止搜索周边设备</button>
  <button type="primary" class="button" bindtap="lanya6">6获取连接设备所有service</button>
  <button type="primary" class="button" bindtap="lanya7">7获取连接设备所有特征值</button>
  <button type="primary" class="button" bindtap="lanya8">8发送指定消息</button>
  <button type="primary" class="button" bindtap="lanya9">9启用设备特征值变化时的notify</button>
  <button type="primary" class="button" bindtap="lanya10">10接收消息</button>
  <view class="section">
    <text class="status">接收到消息：{
  
  { jieshou }}</text>

  </view>

  <button type="primary" class="button" bindtap="lanya0">0断开蓝牙连接</button>
</view>
<view class="venues_list">
  <block wx:for="{
  
  {devices}}" wx:key="{
  
  {test}}">
    <view class="venues_item">
      <text class="status">设备名称:{
  
  {item.name}}</text>
      <text class="status">设备ID:{
  
  {item.deviceId}}</text>
      <text class="status">连接状态:{
  
  {connectedDeviceId == item.deviceId?"已连接":"未连接"}}</text>
      <view class="section">
      </view>
      <view class="section">
        <button type="warn" class="button" id="{
  
  {item.deviceId}}" bindtap="connectTO">连接</button>
      </view>
    </view>
  </block>
</view>

index.js

//index.js
//获取应用实例
var app = getApp();
Page({
data: {
status: "",
sousuo: "",
connectedDeviceId: "", //已连接设备uuid
services: "", // 连接设备的服务
characteristics: "",   // 连接设备的状态值
writeServicweId: "", // 可写服务uuid
writeCharacteristicsId: "",//可写特征值uuid
readServicweId: "", // 可读服务uuid
readCharacteristicsId: "",//可读特征值uuid
notifyServicweId: "", //通知服务UUid
notifyCharacteristicsId: "", //通知特征值UUID
inputValue: "",
characteristics1: "", // 连接设备的状态值
},
onLoad: function () {
if (wx.openBluetoothAdapter) {
wx.openBluetoothAdapter()
} else {
// 如果希望用户在最新版本的客户端上体验您的小程序，可以这样子提示
wx.showModal({
title: '提示',
content: '当前微信版本过低，无法使用该功能，请升级到最新微信版本后重试。'
})
}
},
// 初始化蓝牙适配器
lanya1: function () {
var that = this;
wx.openBluetoothAdapter({
success: function (res) {
that.setData({
msg: "初始化蓝牙适配器成功！" + JSON.stringify(res),
})
//监听蓝牙适配器状态
wx.onBluetoothAdapterStateChange(function (res) {
that.setData({
sousuo: res.discovering ? "在搜索。" : "未搜索。",
status: res.available ? "可用。" : "不可用。",
})
})
}
})
},
// 本机蓝牙适配器状态
lanya2: function () {
var that = this;
wx.getBluetoothAdapterState({
success: function (res) {
that.setData({
msg: "本机蓝牙适配器状态" + "/" + JSON.stringify(res.errMsg),
sousuo: res.discovering ? "在搜索。" : "未搜索。",
status: res.available ? "可用。" : "不可用。",
})
//监听蓝牙适配器状态
wx.onBluetoothAdapterStateChange(function (res) {
that.setData({
sousuo: res.discovering ? "在搜索。" : "未搜索。",
status: res.available ? "可用。" : "不可用。",
})
})
}
})
},
//搜索设备
lanya3: function () {
var that = this;
wx.startBluetoothDevicesDiscovery({
success: function (res) {
that.setData({
msg: "搜索设备" + JSON.stringify(res),
})
//监听蓝牙适配器状态
wx.onBluetoothAdapterStateChange(function (res) {
that.setData({
sousuo: res.discovering ? "在搜索。" : "未搜索。",
status: res.available ? "可用。" : "不可用。",
})
})
}
})
},
// 获取所有已发现的设备
lanya4: function () {
var that = this;
wx.getBluetoothDevices({
success: function (res) {
//是否有已连接设备
wx.getConnectedBluetoothDevices({
success: function (res) {
console.log(JSON.stringify(res.devices));
that.setData({
connectedDeviceId: res.deviceId
})
}
})
that.setData({
msg: "搜索设备" + JSON.stringify(res.devices),
devices: res.devices,
})
//监听蓝牙适配器状态
wx.onBluetoothAdapterStateChange(function (res) {
that.setData({
sousuo: res.discovering ? "在搜索。" : "未搜索。",
status: res.available ? "可用。" : "不可用。",
})
})
}
})
},
//停止搜索周边设备
lanya5: function () {
var that = this;
wx.stopBluetoothDevicesDiscovery({
success: function (res) {
that.setData({
msg: "停止搜索周边设备" + "/" + JSON.stringify(res.errMsg),
sousuo: res.discovering ? "在搜索。" : "未搜索。",
status: res.available ? "可用。" : "不可用。",
})
}
})
},
//连接设备
connectTO: function (e) {
var that = this;
wx.createBLEConnection({
deviceId: e.currentTarget.id,
success: function (res) {
console.log(res.errMsg);
that.setData({
connectedDeviceId: e.currentTarget.id,
msg: "已连接" + e.currentTarget.id,
msg1: "",
})
},
fail: function () {
console.log("调用失败");
},
complete: function () {
console.log("调用结束");
}
})
console.log(that.data.connectedDeviceId);
},
// 获取连接设备的service服务
lanya6: function () {
var that = this;
wx.getBLEDeviceServices({
// 这里的 deviceId 需要在上面的 getBluetoothDevices 或 onBluetoothDeviceFound 接口中获取
deviceId: that.data.connectedDeviceId,
success: function (res) {
console.log('device services:', JSON.stringify(res.services));
that.setData({
services: res.services,
msg: JSON.stringify(res.services),
})
}
})
},
//获取连接设备的所有特征值  for循环获取不到值
lanya7: function () {
var that = this;
wx.getBLEDeviceCharacteristics({
// 这里的 deviceId 需要在上面的 getBluetoothDevices 或 onBluetoothDeviceFound 接口中获取
deviceId: that.data.connectedDeviceId,
// 这里的 serviceId 需要在上面的 getBLEDeviceServices 接口中获取
serviceId: that.data.services[0].uuid,
success: function (res) {
for (var i = 0; i < res.characteristics.length; i++) {
if (res.characteristics[i].properties.notify) {
console.log("11111111", that.data.services[0].uuid);
console.log("22222222222222222", res.characteristics[i].uuid);
that.setData({
notifyServicweId: that.data.services[0].uuid,
notifyCharacteristicsId: res.characteristics[i].uuid,
})
}
if (res.characteristics[i].properties.write) {
that.setData({
writeServicweId: that.data.services[0].uuid,
writeCharacteristicsId: res.characteristics[i].uuid,
})
} else if (res.characteristics[i].properties.read) {
that.setData({
readServicweId: that.data.services[0].uuid,
readCharacteristicsId: res.characteristics[i].uuid,
})
}
}
console.log('device getBLEDeviceCharacteristics:', res.characteristics);
that.setData({
msg: JSON.stringify(res.characteristics),
})
},
fail: function () {
console.log("fail");
},
complete: function () {
console.log("complete");
}
})
wx.getBLEDeviceCharacteristics({
// 这里的 deviceId 需要在上面的 getBluetoothDevices 或 onBluetoothDeviceFound 接口中获取
deviceId: that.data.connectedDeviceId,
// 这里的 serviceId 需要在上面的 getBLEDeviceServices 接口中获取
serviceId: that.data.services[1].uuid,
success: function (res) {
for (var i = 0; i < res.characteristics.length; i++) {
if (res.characteristics[i].properties.notify) {
that.setData({
notifyServicweId: that.data.services[1].uuid,
notifyCharacteristicsId: res.characteristics[i].uuid,
})
}
if (res.characteristics[i].properties.write) {
that.setData({
writeServicweId: that.data.services[1].uuid,
writeCharacteristicsId: res.characteristics[i].uuid,
})
} else if (res.characteristics[i].properties.read) {
that.setData({
readServicweId: that.data.services[1].uuid,
readCharacteristicsId: res.characteristics[i].uuid,
})
}
}
console.log('device getBLEDeviceCharacteristics1:', res.characteristics);
that.setData({
msg1: JSON.stringify(res.characteristics),
})
},
fail: function () {
console.log("fail1");
},
complete: function () {
console.log("complete1");
}
})
},
//断开设备连接
lanya0: function () {
var that = this;
wx.closeBLEConnection({
deviceId: that.data.connectedDeviceId,
success: function (res) {
that.setData({
connectedDeviceId: "",
})
}
})
},
//监听input表单
inputTextchange: function (e) {
this.setData({
inputValue: e.detail.value
})
},
//发送
lanya8: function () {
var that = this;
// 这里的回调可以获取到 write 导致的特征值改变
wx.onBLECharacteristicValueChange(function (characteristic) {
console.log('characteristic value changed:1', characteristic)
})
var buf = new ArrayBuffer(16)
var dataView = new DataView(buf)
wx.request({
url: **/getEncrypt',
success: function (data) {
var arr = data.data.data.split(",");
console.log(arr);
for (var i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
dataView.setInt8(i, arr[i]);
}
console.log('str', buf);
console.log("writeServicweId", that.data.writeServicweId);
console.log("writeCharacteristicsId", that.data.writeCharacteristicsId);
wx.writeBLECharacteristicValue({
// 这里的 deviceId 需要在上面的 getBluetoothDevices 或 onBluetoothDeviceFound 接口中获取
deviceId: that.data.connectedDeviceId,
// 这里的 serviceId 需要在上面的 getBLEDeviceServices 接口中获取
serviceId: that.data.writeServicweId,
// 这里的 characteristicId 需要在上面的 getBLEDeviceCharacteristics 接口中获取
characteristicId: that.data.writeCharacteristicsId,
// 这里的value是ArrayBuffer类型
value: buf,
success: function (res) {
console.log('writeBLECharacteristicValue success', res.errMsg)
}
})
}
})
},
//启用低功耗蓝牙设备特征值变化时的 notify 功能
lanya9: function () {
var that = this;
//var notifyServicweId = that.data.notifyServicweId.toUpperCase();
//var notifyCharacteristicsId = that.data.notifyCharacteristicsId.toUpperCase();
//console.log("11111111", notifyServicweId);
//console.log("22222222222222222", notifyCharacteristicsId);
wx.notifyBLECharacteristicValueChange({
state: true, // 启用 notify 功能
// 这里的 deviceId 需要在上面的 getBluetoothDevices 或 onBluetoothDeviceFound 接口中获取
deviceId: that.data.connectedDeviceId,
// 这里的 serviceId 需要在上面的 getBLEDeviceServices 接口中获取
serviceId: that.data.notifyServicweId,
// 这里的 characteristicId 需要在上面的 getBLEDeviceCharacteristics 接口中获取
characteristicId: that.data.notifyCharacteristicsId,
success: function (res) {
console.log('notifyBLECharacteristicValueChange success', res.errMsg)
},
fail: function () {
console.log('shibai');
console.log(that.data.notifyServicweId);
console.log(that.data.notifyCharacteristicsId);
},
})
},
//接收消息
lanya10: function () {
var that = this;
// 必须在这里的回调才能获取
wx.onBLECharacteristicValueChange(function (characteristic) {
let hex = Array.prototype.map.call(new Uint8Array(characteristic.value), x => ('00' + x.toString(16)).slice(-2)).join('');
console.log(hex)
wx.request({
url: '***/getDecrypt',
data: {hexString:hex},
method:"POST",
header: {
'content-type': 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded'
},
success:function(data){
//console.log(data)
var res = data.data.data;
that.setData({
jieshou: res,
})
}
})
})
console.log(that.data.readServicweId);
console.log(that.data.readCharacteristicsId);
wx.readBLECharacteristicValue({
// 这里的 deviceId 需要在上面的 getBluetoothDevices 或 onBluetoothDeviceFound 接口中获取
deviceId: that.data.connectedDeviceId,
// 这里的 serviceId 需要在上面的 getBLEDeviceServices 接口中获取
serviceId: that.data.readServicweId,
// 这里的 characteristicId 需要在上面的 getBLEDeviceCharacteristics 接口中获取
characteristicId: that.data.readCharacteristicsId,
success: function (res) {
console.log('readBLECharacteristicValue:', res.errMsg);
}
})
},
})

index.wxss

.content {
margin: 0 10px;
}
.status, .sousuo, .msg, .msg1 {
display: block;
line-height: 35px;
margin: 0 10px;
}
.button {
margin: 10px;
}
.sendto {
line-height: 30px;
display: block;
margin: 10px;
}

在服务器端做的蓝牙加解密

/**
* 微信蓝牙加密接口
*/
public void getEncrypt(){
byte[] bs = new byte[]{25,1,49};
String string = null;
try {
string = AesEntryDetry.encrypt(bs);
} catch (Exception e) {
logger.info("加密错误");
}
if(string != null){
setAttr("msg", "加密成功！");
setAttr("code", "200");
setAttr("data", string);
}else{
setAttr("msg", "加密失败！");
setAttr("code", "400");
}
renderJson();
}
/**
* 微信蓝牙解密接口
*/
public void getDecrypt(){
String hexString = getPara("hexString");
byte[] bs = AesEntryDetry.hex2Bytes(hexString);
String resString = null;
try {
resString = AesEntryDetry.decrypt(bs);
} catch (Exception e) {
logger.info("解密错误");
}
if(resString != null){
setAttr("msg", "加密成功！");
setAttr("code", "200");
setAttr("data", resString);
}else{
setAttr("msg", "加密失败！");
setAttr("code", "400");
}
renderJson();
}

import java.util.Arrays;
import javax.crypto.Cipher;
import javax.crypto.spec.SecretKeySpec;

public class AesEntryDetry {
// 加密秘钥 ，16个字节也就是128 bit
private static final byte[] AES_KEY = { 需要和硬件统一 };
// 加密方法
public static String encrypt(byte[] bs) throws Exception {
SecretKeySpec skeySpec = new SecretKeySpec(AES_KEY, "AES");
Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance("AES/ECB/NoPadding");
cipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, skeySpec);
if(bs.length < 16){
bs = Arrays.copyOf(bs, 16);
}
byte[] encrypted = cipher.doFinal(bs);
return BytetohexString(encrypted);
}
// 解密方法
public static String decrypt(byte[] bs)throws Exception {
SecretKeySpec skeySpec = new SecretKeySpec(AES_KEY, "AES");
Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance("AES/ECB/NoPadding");
cipher.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, skeySpec);
byte[] decrypted = cipher.doFinal(bs);
return BytetohexString(decrypted);
}
// 字节数组按照一定格式转换拼装成字符串
private static String BytetohexString(byte[] b) {
int len = b.length;
StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();
for (int i = 0; i < len; i++) {
if (i < len - 1){
sb.append(b[i]);
sb.append(",");
}else{
sb.append(b[i]);
}
}
return sb.toString();
}
public static byte[] hex2Bytes(String src){  
byte[] res = new byte[src.length()/2];  
char[] chs = src.toCharArray();  
int[] b = new int[2];  
for(int i=0,c=0; i<chs.length; i+=2,c++){              
for(int j=0; j<2; j++){  
if(chs[i+j]>='0' && chs[i+j]<='9'){  
b[j] = (chs[i+j]-'0');  
}else if(chs[i+j]>='A' && chs[i+j]<='F'){  
b[j] = (chs[i+j]-'A'+10);  
}else if(chs[i+j]>='a' && chs[i+j]<='f'){  
b[j] = (chs[i+j]-'a'+10);  
}  
}
b[0] = (b[0]&0x0f)<<4;  
b[1] = (b[1]&0x0f);  
res[c] = (byte) (b[0] | b[1]);  
}  
return res;  
} 
}