int main(){
    char str[256] = { 0 };
    int data = 1024;
    //将data转换为字符串
    sprintf(str,"%d",data);
    //获取data的十六进制
    sprintf(str,"0x%X",data);
    //获取data的八进制
    sprintf(str,"0%o",data);
    const char *s1 = "Hello";
    const char *s2 = "World";
    //连接字符串s1和s2
    sprintf(str,"%s %s",s1,s2);
    cout<<str<<endl; 
    return 0;
} 

int main(){
    char s[15] = "123.432,432";
    int n;
    double f1;
    int f2;
    sscanf(s, "%lf,%d%n", &f1, &f2, &n);
    cout<<f1<<" "<<f2<<" "<<n;
    return 0;
} 

int main(){
    string s = "1 23 # 4";
    stringstream ss;
    ss<<s;
    while(ss>>s){
        cout<<s<<endl;
        int val = convert<int>(s);
        cout<<val<<endl;
    }
    return 0;
}

/**
* Definition of TreeNode:
* class TreeNode {
* public:
*     int val;
*     TreeNode *left, *right;
*     TreeNode(int val) {
*         this->val = val;
*         this->left = this->right = NULL;
*     }
* }
*/
class Solution {
public:
/**
* This method will be invoked first, you should design your own algorithm 
* to serialize a binary tree which denote by a root node to a string which
* can be easily deserialized by your own "deserialize" method later.
*/
bool first;
template<typename out_type, typename in_value>
out_type convert(const in_value & t){
stringstream stream;
stream<<t;//向流中传值
out_type result;//这里存储转换结果
stream>>result;//向result中写入值
return result;
}
void pre_order(TreeNode *root, string &s){
if(root){
string tmp = convert<string>(root->val);
if(!first)
s+= " "+tmp;
else {
first = false;
s+=tmp;
}
pre_order(root->left, s);
pre_order(root->right, s);
} else {
if(first)
s+='#';
else {
first = false;
s+=" #";
}
}
}
string serialize(TreeNode *root) {
// write your code here
string s="";
first = true;
pre_order(root, s);//先序实现序列化
return s;
}
stringstream ss;
void buildT(TreeNode * &T){
string s;
ss>>s;
if(s == "#") return ;
int val = convert<int>(s);
T = new TreeNode(val);
buildT(T->left);
buildT(T->right);
}
/**
* This method will be invoked second, the argument data is what exactly
* you serialized at method "serialize", that means the data is not given by
* system, it's given by your own serialize method. So the format of data is
* designed by yourself, and deserialize it here as you serialize it in 
* "serialize" method.
*/
TreeNode *deserialize(string data) {
// write your code here
TreeNode *T = NULL;
ss.str("");
ss<<data;
buildT(T);
return T;
}
};