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C# 经典排序算法大全
选择排序
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
namespace sorter
{
public class SelectionSorter
{
private int min;
public void Sort(int[] arr)
{
for (int i = 0; i < arr.Length - 1; ++i)
{
min = i;
for (int j = i + 1; j < arr.Length; ++j)
{
if (arr[j] < arr[min])
{
min = j;
}
}
int t = arr[min];
arr[min] = arr[i];
arr[i] = t;
}
}
}
class Program
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
int[] arrInt = new int[] { 4, 2, 7, 1, 8, 3, 9, 0, 5, 6 };
SelectionSorter selSor = new SelectionSorter();
selSor.Sort(arrInt);
foreach (int i in arrInt)
{
Console.WriteLine(i);
}
Console.ReadKey();
}
}
}
冒泡排序
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
namespace sorter
{
public class EbullitionSorter
{
public void Sort(int[] arr)
{
int i, j, temp;
bool done = false;
j = 1;
while ((j < arr.Length) && (!done)) // 推断长度
{
done = true;
for (i = 0; i < arr.Length - j; i++)
{
if (arr[i] > arr[i + 1])
{
done = false;
temp = arr[i];
arr[i] = arr[i + 1]; // 交换数据
arr[i + 1] = temp;
}
}
j++;
}
}
}
class Program
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
int[] arrInt = new int[] { 4, 2, 7, 1, 8, 3, 9, 0, 5, 6 };
EbullitionSorter selSor = new EbullitionSorter();
selSor.Sort(arrInt);
foreach (int i in arrInt)
{
Console.WriteLine(i);
}
Console.ReadKey();
}
}
}
高速排序
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
namespace sorter
{
public class QuickSorter
{
private void swap(ref int l, ref int r)
{
int temp;
temp = l;
l = r;
r = temp;
}
public void Sort(int[] list, int low, int high)
{
int pivot; // 存储分支点
int l, r;
int mid;
if (high <= low)
{
return;
}
else if (high == low + 1)
{
if (list[low] > list[high])
{
swap(ref list[low], ref list[high]);
}
return;
}
mid = (low + high) >> 1;
pivot = list[mid];
swap(ref list[low], ref list[mid]);
l = low + 1;
r = high;
do
{
while (l <= r && list[l] < pivot)
{
l++;
}
while (list[r] >= pivot)
{
r--;
}
if (l < r)
{
swap(ref list[l], ref list[r]);
}
} while (l < r);
list[low] = list[r];
list[r] = pivot;
if (low + 1 < r)
{
Sort(list, low, r - 1);
}
if (r + 1 < high)
{
Sort(list, r + 1, high);
}
}
}
class Program
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
int[] arrInt = new int[] { 4, 2, 7, 1, 8, 3, 9, 0, 5, 6 };
QuickSorter selSor = new QuickSorter();
selSor.Sort(arrInt, 0, arrInt.Length - 1);
foreach (int i in arrInt)
{
Console.WriteLine(i);
}
Console.ReadKey();
}
}
}
插入排序
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
namespace sorter
{
public class InsertionSorter
{
public void Sort(int[] arr)
{
for (int i = 1; i < arr.Length; i++)
{
int t = arr[i];
int j = i;
while ((j > 0) && (arr[j - 1] > t))
{
arr[j] = arr[j - 1]; // 交换顺序
--j;
}
arr[j] = t;
}
}
}
class Program
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
int[] arrInt = new int[] { 4, 2, 7, 1, 8, 3, 9, 0, 5, 6 };
InsertionSorter selSor = new InsertionSorter();
selSor.Sort(arrInt);
foreach (int i in arrInt)
{
Console.WriteLine(i);
}
Console.ReadKey();
}
}
}
希尔排序
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
namespace sorter
{
public class ShellSorter
{
public void Sort(int[] arr)
{
int inc;
for (inc = 1; inc <= arr.Length / 9; inc = 3 * inc + 1) ;
for (; inc > 0; inc /= 3)
{
for (int i = inc + 1; i <= arr.Length; i += inc)
{
int t = arr[i - 1];
int j = i;
while ((j > inc) && (arr[j - inc - 1] > t))
{
arr[j - 1] = arr[j - inc - 1]; // 交换数据
j -= inc;
}
arr[j - 1] = t;
}
}
}
}
class Program
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
int[] arrInt = new int[] { 4, 2, 7, 1, 8, 3, 9, 0, 5, 6 };
ShellSorter selSor = new ShellSorter();
selSor.Sort(arrInt);
foreach (int i in arrInt)
{
Console.WriteLine(i);
}
Console.ReadKey();
}
}
}
归并排序
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
namespace Merge
{
public class Function
{
private int Groups;
private int CopyGroups;
private int mergerows;
private int[] Array27;
private static Random ran = new Random();
public Function(int length)
{
Array27 = new int[length];
for (int i = 0; i < length; i++)
Array27[i] = ran.Next(1, 100);
}
//选择
public void ToMergeSort()
{
MergeSort(Array27);
}
public void ToRecursiveMergeSort()
{
RecursiveMergeSort(Array27, 0, Array27.Length - 1);
}
public void ToNaturalMergeSort()
{
NaturalMergeSort(Array27);
}
/// <summary>
/// 归并排序(递归）
/// 核心思想：（分治）
/// 将待排序元素（递归直至元素个数为１）分成左右两个大小大致同样的2个子集合。然后。
/// 分别对2个子集合进行排序，终于将排好序的子集合合并成为所要求的排好序的集合．
/// 核心算法时间复杂度：
/// T(n)=O(nlogn)
/// </summary>
/// <param name="Array"></param>
/// <param name="left"></param>
/// <param name="right"></param>
public void RecursiveMergeSort(int[] Array, int left, int right)
{
int middle = (left + right) / 2;
if (left < right)
{
//对前半部分递归拆分
RecursiveMergeSort(Array, left, middle);
//对后半部分递归拆分
RecursiveMergeSort(Array, middle + 1, right);
MergeOne(Array, left, middle, right);
}
}
public void MergeOne(int[] Array, int left, int middle, int right)
{
int leftindex = left;
int rightindex = middle + 1;
//动态暂时二维数组存放切割为两个小Array的数组排列顺序后的数据
int[] merge = new int[right + 1];
int index = 0;
//对两个小数组合并排序
while (leftindex <= middle && rightindex <= right)
merge[index++] = (Array[leftindex] - Array[rightindex]) >= 0 ? Array[rightindex++] : Array[leftindex++];
//有一側子数列遍历完后，将另外一側子数列剩下的数依次放入暂存数组中（有序）
if (leftindex <= middle)
{
for (int i = leftindex; i <= middle; i++)
merge[index++] = Array[i];
}
if (rightindex <= right)
{
for (int i = rightindex; i <= right; i++)
merge[index++] = Array[i];
}
//将有序的数列 写入目标数组 ，即原来把Array数组分为两个小Array数组后又一次有序组合起来(覆盖原数组）
index = 0;
for (int i = left; i <= right; i++)
Array[i] = merge[index++];
}
/// <summary>
/// 归并排序(非递归）
/// 核心思想：（分治）
/// 对n个数的数列每相邻两个元素排序。组成n/2个或（n+1)/2个子数组，单个的不比了直接进入下一轮。
/// 然后对每一个相邻的子数组再排序，以此类推最后得到排好序的数列
/// forexample： 59 35 54 28 52
/// 排序And分： 35 59. 28 54. 52
/// 排序And分： 28 35 54 59. 52
/// 结果： 28 35 52 54 59
/// 核心算法时间复杂度：
/// T(n)=O(nlogn)
/// </summary>
/// <param name="Array"></param>
public void MergeSort(int[] Array)
{
//index固定的数组
int[] merge = new int[Array.Length];
int P = 0;
while (true)
{
int index = 0;
//子数组元素的个数
int ENumb = (int)Math.Pow(2, P);
//一个子数组中的元素个数与数组的一半元素个数比較大小
//最糟糕的情况最右边的数组仅仅有一个元素
if (ENumb < Array.Length)
{
while (true)
{
int TorFAndrightindex = index;
//最后一个子数组的第一个元素的index与数组index相比較
if (TorFAndrightindex <= Array.Length - 1)
MergeTwo(Array, merge, index, ENumb);
else
break;
index += 2 * ENumb;
}
}
else
break;
P++;
}
}
public void MergeTwo(int[] Array, int[] merge, int index, int ENumb)
{
//换分两个子数组的index(千万不能用middle = (right + left) / 2划分）
// 1
int left = index;
int middle = left + ENumb - 1;
//（奇数时）
//排除middleindex越界
if (middle >= Array.Length)
{
middle = index;
}
//同步化merge数组的index
int mergeindex = index;
// 2
int right;
int middleTwo = (index + ENumb - 1) + 1;
right = index + ENumb + ENumb - 1;
//排除最后一个子数组的index越界.
if (right >= Array.Length - 1)
{
right = Array.Length - 1;
}
//排序两个子数组并拷贝到merge数组
while (left <= middle && middleTwo <= right)
{
merge[mergeindex++] = Array[left] >= Array[middleTwo] ? Array[middleTwo++] : Array[left++];
}
//两个子数组中当中一个比較完了（Array[middleTwo++] 或Array[left++]）。
//把当中一个数组中剩下的元素复制进merge数组。
if (left <= middle)
{
//排除空元素.
while (left <= middle && mergeindex < merge.Length)
merge[mergeindex++] = Array[left++];
}
if (middleTwo <= right)
{
while (middleTwo <= right)
merge[mergeindex++] = Array[middleTwo++];
}
//推断是否合并至最后一个子数组了
if (right + 1 >= Array.Length)
Copy(Array, merge);
}
/// <summary>
/// 自然归并排序:
/// 对于初始给定的数组,通常存在多个长度大于1的已自然排好序的子数组段.
/// 比如,若数组a中元素为{4,8,3,7,1,5,6,2},则自然排好序的子数组段
/// 有{4,8},{3,7},{1,5,6},{2}.
/// 用一次对数组a的线性扫描就足以找出全部这些排好序的子数组段.
/// 然后将相邻的排好序的子数组段两两合并,
/// 构成更大的排好序的子数组段({3,4,7,8},{1,2,5,6}).
/// 继续合并相邻排好序的子数组段,直至整个数组已排好序.
/// 核心算法时间复杂度：
/// T(n)=○(n);
/// </summary>
public void NaturalMergeSort(int[] Array)
{
//得到自然划分后的数组的index组（每行为一个自然子数组）
int[,] PointsSymbol = LinearPoints(Array);
//子数组仅仅有一个。
if (PointsSymbol[0, 1] == Array.Length - 1)
return;
//多个(至少两个子数组）...
else
//能够堆栈调用吗？
NaturalMerge(Array, PointsSymbol);
}
public void NaturalMerge(int[] Array, int[,] PointsSymbol)
{
int left;
int right;
int leftend;
int rightend;
mergerows = GNumberTwo(Groups);
CopyGroups = Groups;
//固定状态
int[] TempArray = new int[Array.Length];
//循环取每一个自然子数组的index
while (true)
{
// int Temprow = 1;
//仅仅记录合并后的子数组(”《应该为》“动态的）
int[,] TempPointsSymbol = new int[mergerows, 2];
int row = 0;
do
{
//最重要的推断：最后(一组子数组)是否可配对
if (row != CopyGroups - 1)
{ //以上条件也能够含有(& 和&&的差别)短路运算
//參考:http://msdn.microsoft.com/zh-cn/library/2a723cdk(VS.80).aspx
left = PointsSymbol[row, 0];
leftend = PointsSymbol[row, 1];
right = PointsSymbol[row + 1, 0];
rightend = PointsSymbol[row + 1, 1];
MergeThree(Array, TempArray, left, leftend, right, rightend);
MergePointSymbol(PointsSymbol, TempPointsSymbol, row);
}
else
{
////默认剩下的单独一个子数组已经虚拟合并。然后Copy进TempArray。
int TempRow = PointsSymbol[row, 0];
int TempCol = PointsSymbol[row, 1];
while (TempRow <= TempCol)
TempArray[TempRow] = Array[TempRow++];
//TempPointSymbol完整同步
TempPointsSymbol[row / 2, 0] = PointsSymbol[row, 0];
TempPointsSymbol[row / 2, 1] = PointsSymbol[row, 1];
break;//又一次開始新一轮循环。
}
row += 2;
// Temprow++;
//合并到仅仅有一个子数组时结束循环
if (TempPointsSymbol[0, 1] == Array.Length - 1)
break;
}//推断别进入越界循环(能够进孤单循环）这里指的是PointsSymbol的子数组个数
while (row <= CopyGroups - 1);
//
Copy(Array, TempArray);
//更新子数组index，row为跳出循环的条件（最后单个子数组或下一个越界的第一个）
UpdatePointSymbol(PointsSymbol, TempPointsSymbol, row);
//改变TempPointsSymbol的行数（合并后子数组数）
mergerows = GNumber(mergerows);
CopyGroups = GNumberTwo(CopyGroups);
//合并到仅仅有一个子数组时结束循环
if (PointsSymbol[0, 1] == Array.Length - 1)
break;
}
//输出
}
public int GNumber(int Value)
{
if (Value % 2 == 0)
Value /= 2;
else
Value -= 1;
return Value;
}
public int GNumberTwo(int Value)
{
if (Value % 2 == 0)
mergerows = Value / 2;
else
mergerows = Value / 2 + 1;
return mergerows;
}
public void MergeThree(int[] Array, int[] Temp, int left, int leftend, int right, int rightend)
{
//合并语句
int index = left;
while (left <= leftend && right <= rightend)
Temp[index++] = Array[left] >= Array[right] ? Array[right++] : Array[left++];
while (left <= leftend)
Temp[index++] = Array[left++];
while (right <= rightend)
Temp[index++] = Array[right++];
}
public void MergePointSymbol(int[,] PointsSymbol, int[,] TempPointsSymbol, int row)
{
int rowindex = row / 2;
TempPointsSymbol[rowindex, 0] = PointsSymbol[row, 0];
TempPointsSymbol[rowindex, 1] = PointsSymbol[row + 1, 1];
}
public void UpdatePointSymbol(int[,] PointsSymbol, int[,] TempPointsSymbol, int rows)
{
int row = 0;
//if (mergerows % 2 == 0)
//{
for (; row < TempPointsSymbol.GetLength(0); row++)
{
for (int col = 0; col < 2; col++)
PointsSymbol[row, col] = TempPointsSymbol[row, col];
}
//后面的清零
for (; row < PointsSymbol.GetLength(0); row++)
{
for (int col2 = 0; col2 < 2; col2++)
PointsSymbol[row, col2] = 0;
}
//}
////补剩下的index组，
//else
//{
// for (int row2 = 0; row2 < TempPointsSymbol.GetLength(0); row2++)
// {
// for (int col3 = 0; col3 < 2; col3++)
// PointsSymbol[row2, col3] = TempPointsSymbol[row2, col3];
// }
// //最后一个子数组的index仅仅有一个。 // int row3 = TempPointsSymbol.GetLength(0); // PointsSymbol[row3, 0] = PointsSymbol[rows, 0]; // PointsSymbol[row3, 1] = PointsSymbol[rows, 1]; // //后面的清零 // for (int row4 = row3 + 1; row4 < PointsSymbol.GetLength(0); row4++) // { // for (int col4 = 0; col4 < 2; col4++) // PointsSymbol[row4, col4] = 0; // } //} } public int[,] LinearPoints(int[] Array) { Groups = 1; int StartPoint = 0; int row = 0; int col = 0; //最糟糕的情况就是有Array.Length行。 int[,] PointsSet = new int[Array.Length, 2]; //线性扫描Array，划分数组 //初始前index=0 PointsSet[row, col] = 0; do { //推断升序子数组终于的index开关 bool Judge = false; //从Array第二个数推断是否要结束或者是否是升序子数组. while (++StartPoint < Array.Length && Array[StartPoint] < Array[StartPoint - 1]) { //打开第一个升序子数组结束的index开关 Judge = true; //又一次開始第二个升序子数组的前index PointsSet[row, col + 1] = StartPoint - 1; //计算子数组个数 Groups++; //换行记录自然子数组的index row++; break; //--StartPoint; } //升序子数组结束index if (Judge) PointsSet[row, col] = StartPoint; //else // --StartPoint; } while (StartPoint < Array.Length); //终于index=StartPoint - 1，可是糟糕情况下还有剩余若干行为： 0,0 ... PointsSet[row, col + 1] = StartPoint - 1; //调用展示方法 DisplaySubarray(Array, PointsSet, Groups); return PointsSet; } public void DisplaySubarray(int[] Array, int[,] PointsSet, int Groups) { Console.WriteLine("Subarray is {0}:", Groups); //展示子数组的前后index for (int r = 0; r < Groups; r++) { for (int c = 0; c < PointsSet.GetLength(1); c++) { Console.Write(PointsSet[r, c]); if (c < PointsSet.GetLength(1) - 1) Console.Write(","); } Console.Write("\t\t"); } Console.WriteLine(); //展示分出的子数组 for (int v = 0; v < Groups; v++) { int i = 1; for (int r = PointsSet[v, 0]; r <= PointsSet[v, 1]; r++) { Console.Write(Array[r] + " "); i++; } if (i <= 3) Console.Write("\t\t"); else Console.Write("\t"); if (PointsSet[v, 1] == Array.Length) break; } } public void Copy(int[] Array, int[] merge) { //一部分排好序的元素替换掉原来Array中的元素 for (int i = 0; i < Array.Length; i++) { Array[i] = merge[i]; } } //输出 public override string ToString() { string temporary = string.Empty; foreach (var element in Array27) temporary += element + " "; temporary += "\n"; return temporary; } } class Program { static void Main(string[] args) { while (true) { Console.WriteLine("请选择："); Console.WriteLine("1.归并排序（非递归）"); Console.WriteLine("2.归并排序（递归）"); Console.WriteLine("3.归并排序（自然合并）"); Console.WriteLine("4.退出"); int Arraynum = Convert.ToInt32(Console.ReadLine()); switch (Arraynum) { case 4: Environment.Exit(0); break; case 1: Console.WriteLine("Please Input Array Length"); int Leng271 = Convert.ToInt32(Console.ReadLine()); Function obj1 = new Function(Leng271); Console.WriteLine("The original sequence:"); Console.WriteLine(obj1); Console.WriteLine("'MergeSort' Finaly Sorting Result:"); obj1.ToMergeSort(); Console.WriteLine(obj1); break; case 2: Console.WriteLine("Please Input Array Length"); int Leng272 = Convert.ToInt32(Console.ReadLine()); Function obj2 = new Function(Leng272); Console.WriteLine("The original sequence:"); Console.WriteLine(obj2); Console.WriteLine("'RecursiveMergeSort' Finaly Sorting Result:"); obj2.ToRecursiveMergeSort(); Console.WriteLine(obj2); break; case 3: Console.WriteLine("Please Input Array Length"); int Leng273 = Convert.ToInt32(Console.ReadLine()); Function obj3 = new Function(Leng273); Console.WriteLine("The original sequence:"); Console.WriteLine(obj3); obj3.ToNaturalMergeSort(); Console.WriteLine(); Console.WriteLine(); Console.WriteLine("'NaturalMergeSort' Finaly Sorting Result:"); Console.WriteLine(obj3); break; } } } }}
基数排序
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
namespace Merge
{
public class RadixSorter
{
//基数排序
public int[] RadixSort(int[] ArrayToSort, int digit)
{
//low to high digit
for (int k = 1; k <= digit; k++)
{
//temp array to store the sort result inside digit
int[] tmpArray = new int[ArrayToSort.Length];
//temp array for countingsort
int[] tmpCountingSortArray = new int[10] { 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 };
//CountingSort
for (int i = 0; i < ArrayToSort.Length; i++)
{
//split the specified digit from the element
int tmpSplitDigit = ArrayToSort[i] / (int)Math.Pow(10, k - 1) - (ArrayToSort[i] / (int)Math.Pow(10, k)) * 10;
tmpCountingSortArray[tmpSplitDigit] += 1;
}
for (int m = 1; m < 10; m++)
{
tmpCountingSortArray[m] += tmpCountingSortArray[m -
1];
}
//output the value to result
for (int n = ArrayToSort.Length - 1; n >= 0; n--)
{
int tmpSplitDigit = ArrayToSort[n] / (int)Math.Pow(10, k - 1) -
(ArrayToSort[n] / (int)Math.Pow(10, k)) * 10;
tmpArray[tmpCountingSortArray[tmpSplitDigit] - 1] = ArrayToSort
[n];
tmpCountingSortArray[tmpSplitDigit] -= 1;
}
//copy the digit-inside sort result to source array
for (int p = 0; p < ArrayToSort.Length; p++)
{
ArrayToSort[p] = tmpArray[p];
}
}
return ArrayToSort;
}
}
class Program
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
int[] intArray = new int[] { 5, 3, 7, 4, 8, 2, 9, 1, 0, 6 };
int[] newIntArray = intArray;
RadixSorter rS=new RadixSorter();
newIntArray = rS.RadixSort(intArray, intArray.Length);
foreach (int i in intArray)
{
Console.Write(i + " ");
}
Console.ReadKey();
}
}
}
计数排序
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
namespace Merge
{
class Program
{
/// <summary>
/// 计数排序。 /// 要求: /// arrayToSort的元素必须大于等于0。或者经过一定的转换使其元素在 /// 大于等于0范围内。比如有例如以下序列(-1,-8,10,11),那么依据最小值8, /// 将各个数字加8转化为(7,0,18,19),然后进行计数排序。结果为(0,7,18,19), /// 然后再将结果个数字减8即为(-8,-1,10,11) /// </summary> /// <param name="arrayToSort">要排序的数组</param> /// <param name="maxValue">数组的最大值加一</param> /// <returns>计数排序后的结果</returns> public static int[] CountingSort(int[] arrayToSort, int k) { // 排序后的结果存储 int[] sortedArray = new int[arrayToSort.Length]; // 计数数组 int[] countingArray = new int[k]; // 计数数组初始化 for (int i = 0; i < countingArray.Length; i++) { countingArray[i] = 0; } // 单个元素计数(经过该步骤countingArray[i]的含义为数字i的个数为countingArray[i]) for (int i = 0; i < arrayToSort.Length; i++) { countingArray[arrayToSort[i]] = countingArray[arrayToSort[i]] + 1; } // 计算小于等于某数的个数(经过该步骤countingArray[i]的含义为小于等于数字i的元素个数为countingArray[i]) for (int i = 1; i < countingArray.Length; i++) { countingArray[i] += countingArray[i - 1]; } // 得到排序后的结果 for (int i = 0; i < sortedArray.Length; i++) { int numIndex = countingArray[arrayToSort[i]] - 1; sortedArray[numIndex] = arrayToSort[i]; countingArray[arrayToSort[i]] = countingArray[arrayToSort[i]] - 1; } return sortedArray; } static void Main(string[] args) { int[] intArray = new int[] { 5, 3, 7, 4, 8, 2, 9, 1, 0, 6 }; int[] intNewArray = intArray; intNewArray = CountingSort(intArray, intArray.Length); foreach (int i in intNewArray) { Console.Write(i + " "); } Console.ReadKey(); } }}
堆排序
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
namespace Merge
{
class Program
{
//堆排序算法（传递待排数组名，即：数组的地址。故形參数组的各种操作反应到实參数组上）
private static void HeapSortFunction(int[] array)
{
try
{
BuildMaxHeap(array); //创建大顶推（初始状态看做：总体无序）
for (int i = array.Length - 1; i > 0; i--)
{
Swap(ref array[0], ref array[i]); //将堆顶元素依次与无序区的最后一位交换（使堆顶元素进入有序区）
MaxHeapify(array, 0, i); //又一次将无序区调整为大顶堆
}
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
Console.Write(ex.Message);
}
}
///<summary>
/// 创建大顶推（根节点大于左右子节点）
///</summary>
///<param name="array">待排数组</param>
private static void BuildMaxHeap(int[] array)
{
try
{
//依据大顶堆的性质可知：数组的前半段的元素为根节点，其余元素都为叶节点
for (int i = array.Length / 2 - 1; i >= 0; i--) //从最底层的最后一个根节点開始进行大顶推的调整
{
MaxHeapify(array, i, array.Length); //调整大顶堆
}
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
Console.Write(ex.Message);
}
}
///<summary>
/// 大顶推的调整过程
///</summary>
///<param name="array">待调整的数组</param>
///<param name="currentIndex">待调整元素在数组中的位置（即：根节点）</param>
///<param name="heapSize">堆中全部元素的个数</param>
private static void MaxHeapify(int[] array, int currentIndex, int heapSize)
{
try
{
int left = 2 * currentIndex + 1; //左子节点在数组中的位置
int right = 2 * currentIndex + 2; //右子节点在数组中的位置
int large = currentIndex; //记录此根节点、左子节点、右子节点 三者中最大值的位置
if (left < heapSize && array[left] > array[large]) //与左子节点进行比較
{
large = left;
}
if (right < heapSize && array[right] > array[large]) //与右子节点进行比較
{
large = right;
}
if (currentIndex != large) //假设 currentIndex != large 则表明 large 发生变化（即：左右子节点中有大于根节点的情况）
{
Swap(ref array[currentIndex], ref array[large]); //将左右节点中的大者与根节点进行交换（即：实现局部大顶堆）
MaxHeapify(array, large, heapSize); //以上次调整动作的large位置（为此次调整的根节点位置），进行递归调整
}
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
Console.Write(ex.Message);
}
}
///<summary>
/// 交换函数
///</summary>
///<param name="a">元素a</param>
///<param name="b">元素b</param>
private static void Swap(ref int a, ref int b)
{
int temp = 0;
temp = a;
a = b;
b = temp;
}
static void Main(string[] args)
{
int[] intArray = new int[] { 5, 3, 7, 4, 8, 2, 9, 1, 0, 6 };
HeapSortFunction(intArray);
foreach (int i in intArray)
{
Console.Write(i + " ");
}
Console.ReadKey();
}
}
}
排序的分类/稳定性/时间复杂度和空间复杂度总结
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