MYSQL集群的备份与恢复最终版本

中午刚刚弄明白了MYSQL集群的备份与恢复。

写下来，以后就不用为这个问题浪费时间了。

1、在管理节点上进行备份。

ndb_mgm> start backup nowait

ndb_mgm> Node 3: Backup 4 started from node 1

Node 3: Backup 4 started from node 1 completed

StartGCP: 43010 StopGCP: 43013

#Records: 2138 #LogRecords: 0

Data: 53068 bytes Log: 0 bytes

ndb_mgm> shutdown

Node 3: Cluster shutdown initiated

Node 4: Cluster shutdown initiated

Node 4: Node shutdown completed.

Node 3: Node shutdown completed.

2 NDB Cluster node(s) have shutdown.

Disconnecting to allow management server to shutdown.

ndb_mgm> exit

2、删掉SQL节点的数据。

DROP DATABASE TEST_CLUSTER;

3、关闭MYSQLD服务器。

[root@localhost bin]# service mysqld stop

Shutting down MySQL… SUCCESS!

4、重新顺序启动所有节点。

[root@localhost mysql]# /usr/local/mysql/ndb_mgmd -f /etc/config.ini

[root@localhost data]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/ndbd –initial

我发现如果不带这个 –initial选项的话，恢复会失败。

[root@localhost bin]# service mysqld start

Starting MySQL SUCCESS!

4、在NDBD节点上进行恢复。（每个节点都得执行一次，因为数据分散在两个节点上）

第一个节点：

[root@localhost BACKUP]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/ndb_restore -n3 -b4 -r -m –backup_path=/usr/local/mysql/data/BACKUP/BACKUP-4/
-r开关是记录集合。
-m是元数据。就是表和库的SCHEMA。
Nodeid = 3

Backup Id = 4

backup path = /usr/local/mysql/data/BACKUP/BACKUP-4/

Ndb version in backup files: Version 5.1.21

Connected to ndb!!

Successfully restored table `test_cluster/def/lk4_test`

…

Successfully created index `PRIMARY` on `lk4_test`

…

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Processing data in table: test_cluster/def/lk4_test54) fragment 1

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…

Restored 37 tuples and 0 log entries

NDBT_ProgramExit: 0 – OK

第二个节点：

[
root@localhost BACKUP-1]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/ndb_restore -n4 -b4 -r –backup_path=/usr/local/mysql/data/BACKUP/BACKUP-4/

Nodeid = 4

Backup Id = 4

backup path = /usr/local/mysql/data/BACKUP/BACKUP-4/

Ndb version in backup files: Version 5.1.21

Connected to ndb!!

_____________________________________________________

Processing data in table: sys/def/NDB$EVENTS_0(1) fragment 1

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Processing data in table: mysql/def/ndb_apply_status(4) fragment 1

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Processing data in table: mysql/def/NDB$BLOB_2_3(3) fragment 1

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Processing data in table: test/def/t11(5) fragment 1

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Processing data in table: sys/def/SYSTAB_0(0) fragment 1

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Processing data in table: mysql/def/ndb_schema(2) fragment 1

Restored 2 tuples and 0 log entries

NDBT_ProgramExit: 0 – OK

mysql> create database test_cluster;

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.33 sec)

mysql> select * from cs_comment;

Empty set (0.00 sec)

不过MYSQL的backup 程序现在还只能进行完全备份。

[root@localhost BACKUP]# du -h

76K     ./BACKUP-2

96K     ./BACKUP-6

180K    ./BACKUP-4

172K    ./BACKUP-3

76K     ./BACKUP-1

60K     ./BACKUP-5

668K    .

6、在NDBD节点上进行恢复的时候有一个要注意的问题。

因为NDBD节点以 –initial 方式启动的时候不会自动删除undo 和 data 文件（即保存到磁盘上的表数据），所以得手动在每个NDBD节点上进行RM操作：

[root@node239 ndb_6_fs]# rm -rf *.dat

然后开始备份。

在MASTER上备份的时候要加 -m 开关。

在SLAVE上要加-d 而且不要-m开关。

具体步骤如下：

MASTER :

[root@localhost ndb_3_fs]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/ndb_restore -n3 -b1 -r -m –backup_path=/usr/local/mysql/data/BACKUP/BACKUP-1/

Nodeid = 3

Backup Id = 1

backup path = /usr/local/mysql/data/BACKUP/BACKUP-1/

Ndb version in backup files: Version 5.1.21

Connected to ndb!!

Creating logfile group: lg_1…done

Creating tablespace: ts_1…done

Creating datafile “data_1.dat”…done

Creating undofile “undo_1.dat”…done

Successfully restored table `test/def/t11`

Successfully restored table event REPL$test/t11

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Processing data in table: sys/def/NDB$EVENTS_0(1) fragment 0

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Processing data in table: mysql/def/NDB$BLOB_2_3(3) fragment 0

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Processing data in table: sys/def/SYSTAB_0(0) fragment 0

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Processing data in table: mysql/def/ndb_schema(2) fragment 0

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Processing data in table: mysql/def/ndb_apply_status(4) fragment 0

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Processing data in table: test/def/t11(10) fragment 0

Restored 26 tuples and 0 log entries

NDBT_ProgramExit: 0 – OK

其他的SLAVE上的操作：

[root@node239 ndb_6_fs]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/ndb_restore -n6 -b1 -r -d –backup_path=/usr/local/mysql/data/BACKUP/BACKUP-1/

Nodeid = 6

Backup Id = 1

backup path = /usr/local/mysql/data/BACKUP/BACKUP-1/

Ndb version in backup files: Version 5.1.21

Connected to ndb!!

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Processing data in table: sys/def/NDB$EVENTS_0(1) fragment 3

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Processing data in table: mysql/def/NDB$BLOB_2_3(3) fragment 3

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Processing data in table: sys/def/SYSTAB_0(0) fragment 3

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Processing data in table: mysql/def/ndb_schema(2) fragment 3

_____________________________________________________

Processing data in table: mysql/def/ndb_apply_status(4) fragment 3

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Processing data in table: test/def/t11(10) fragment 3

Restored 20 tuples and 0 log entries