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ElasticSearch 9种查询搜索管理

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ElasticSearch 9种查询搜索管理

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1. 查询所有文档

    //查询所有document
    @Test
    public void testSearch() throws IOException {
        //设置查询索引库和类型
        SearchRequest xc_course = new SearchRequest("xc_course");
        xc_course.types("doc");

        //设置查询范围
        SearchSourceBuilder searchSourceBuilder = new SearchSourceBuilder();
        searchSourceBuilder.query(QueryBuilders.matchAllQuery());
        //要查询的出来的映射和不想要查询出来的映射
        searchSourceBuilder.fetchSource(new String[]{"name", "studymodel", "price", "timestamp", "pic"}, new String[]{});

        //索引绑定条件
        xc_course.source(searchSourceBuilder);

        //开始搜素
        SearchResponse searchResponse = restHighLevelClient.search(xc_course);
        SearchHits hits = searchResponse.getHits();
        System.out.println(hits.getTotalHits());
        System.out.println("============================================");
        SearchHit[] hitsHits = hits.getHits();
        for (SearchHit hitsHit : hitsHits) {
            System.out.println(hitsHit.getId());
            Map<String, Object> sourceAsMap = hitsHit.getSourceAsMap();
            System.out.println(sourceAsMap.get("name"));
            System.out.println(sourceAsMap.get("description"));
            System.out.println(sourceAsMap.get("studymodel"));
            System.out.println(sourceAsMap.get("price"));
            System.out.println(sourceAsMap.get("timestamp"));
            System.out.println(sourceAsMap.get("pic"));
            System.out.println("=============================================");
        }
    }

2. 分页查询

分页是SearchSourceBuilder的一个功能

//分页查询
    @Test
    public void testPageSearch() throws IOException {
        //设置查询索引库和类型
        SearchRequest xc_course = new SearchRequest("xc_course");
        xc_course.types("doc");

        //设置查询范围
        SearchSourceBuilder searchSourceBuilder = new SearchSourceBuilder();
        searchSourceBuilder.query(QueryBuilders.matchAllQuery());
        //要查询的出来的映射和不想要查询出来的映射
        searchSourceBuilder.fetchSource(new String[]{"name", "studymodel", "price", "timestamp", "pic"}, new String[]{});

        //设置分页参数
        int page = 1;
        int size = 1;
        int from = (page - 1) * size;
        searchSourceBuilder.from(from);
        searchSourceBuilder.size(size);

        //索引绑定条件
        xc_course.source(searchSourceBuilder);

        //开始搜素
        SearchResponse searchResponse = restHighLevelClient.search(xc_course);
        SearchHits hits = searchResponse.getHits();
        System.out.println(hits.getTotalHits());
        System.out.println("============================================");
        SearchHit[] hitsHits = hits.getHits();
        for (SearchHit hitsHit : hitsHits) {
            System.out.println(hitsHit.getId());
            Map<String, Object> sourceAsMap = hitsHit.getSourceAsMap();
            System.out.println(sourceAsMap.get("name"));
            System.out.println(sourceAsMap.get("description"));
            System.out.println(sourceAsMap.get("studymodel"));
            System.out.println(sourceAsMap.get("price"));
            System.out.println(sourceAsMap.get("timestamp"));
            System.out.println(sourceAsMap.get("pic"));
            System.out.println("=============================================");
        }
    }

3. Term Query

//查询name为spring的document -- 精准查询 --不再将关键词分词
    @Test
    public void testExectlySearch() throws IOException {
        //设置查询索引库和类型
        SearchRequest xc_course = new SearchRequest("xc_course");
        xc_course.types("doc");

        //设置查询范围
        SearchSourceBuilder searchSourceBuilder = new SearchSourceBuilder();
        searchSourceBuilder.query(QueryBuilders.termQuery("name", "spring"));
        searchSourceBuilder.fetchSource(new String[]{"name", "studymodel", "price", "timestamp", "pic"}, new String[]{});

        //索引绑定条件
        xc_course.source(searchSourceBuilder);

        //开始搜素
        SearchResponse searchResponse = restHighLevelClient.search(xc_course);
        SearchHits hits = searchResponse.getHits();
        System.out.println(hits.getTotalHits());
        System.out.println("============================================");
        SearchHit[] hitsHits = hits.getHits();
        for (SearchHit hitsHit : hitsHits) {
            System.out.println(hitsHit.getId());
            Map<String, Object> sourceAsMap = hitsHit.getSourceAsMap();
            System.out.println(sourceAsMap.get("name"));
            System.out.println(sourceAsMap.get("description"));
            System.out.println(sourceAsMap.get("studymodel"));
            System.out.println(sourceAsMap.get("price"));
            System.out.println(sourceAsMap.get("timestamp"));
            System.out.println(sourceAsMap.get("pic"));
            System.out.println("=============================================");
        }
    }

根据id精确查询

//根据id查询
    @Test
    public void testIDSearch() throws IOException {
        //设置查询索引库和类型
        SearchRequest xc_course = new SearchRequest("xc_course");
        xc_course.types("doc");

        //设置查询范围
        SearchSourceBuilder searchSourceBuilder = new SearchSourceBuilder();
        String[] ids = {"1", "3"};
        searchSourceBuilder.query(QueryBuilders.termsQuery("_id", ids));
        searchSourceBuilder.fetchSource(new String[]{"name", "studymodel", "price", "timestamp", "pic"}, new String[]{});

        //索引绑定条件
        xc_course.source(searchSourceBuilder);

        //开始搜素
        SearchResponse searchResponse = restHighLevelClient.search(xc_course);
        SearchHits hits = searchResponse.getHits();
        System.out.println(hits.getTotalHits());
        System.out.println("============================================");
        SearchHit[] hitsHits = hits.getHits();
        for (SearchHit hitsHit : hitsHits) {
            System.out.println(hitsHit.getId());
            Map<String, Object> sourceAsMap = hitsHit.getSourceAsMap();
            System.out.println(sourceAsMap.get("name"));
            System.out.println(sourceAsMap.get("description"));
            System.out.println(sourceAsMap.get("studymodel"));
            System.out.println(sourceAsMap.get("price"));
            System.out.println(sourceAsMap.get("timestamp"));
            System.out.println(sourceAsMap.get("pic"));
            System.out.println("=============================================");
        }
    }

4. match Query

match Query即全文检索，它的搜索方式是先将搜索字符串分词，再使用各各词条从索引中搜索。 match query与Term query区别是match query在搜索前先将搜索关键字分词，再拿各各词语去索引中搜索。

4.1 基础使用

operator：or 表示 只要有一个词在文档中出现则就符合条件，and表示每个词都在文档中出现则才符合条件。

 //matchQuery 基础使用
    @Test
    public void testMatchSearch01() throws IOException {
        //设置查询索引库和类型
        SearchRequest xc_course = new SearchRequest("xc_course");
        xc_course.types("doc");

        //设置查询范围
        SearchSourceBuilder searchSourceBuilder = new SearchSourceBuilder();
        searchSourceBuilder.query(QueryBuilders
                .matchQuery("name", "spring开发")
                .operator(Operator.AND));//operation可以是AND或者OR，根据字面理解
        searchSourceBuilder.fetchSource(new String[]{"name", "studymodel", "price", "timestamp", "pic"}, new String[]{});

        //索引绑定条件
        xc_course.source(searchSourceBuilder);

        //开始搜素
        SearchResponse searchResponse = restHighLevelClient.search(xc_course);
        SearchHits hits = searchResponse.getHits();
        System.out.println(hits.getTotalHits());
        System.out.println("============================================");
        SearchHit[] hitsHits = hits.getHits();
        for (SearchHit hitsHit : hitsHits) {
            System.out.println(hitsHit.getId());
            Map<String, Object> sourceAsMap = hitsHit.getSourceAsMap();
            System.out.println(sourceAsMap.get("name"));
            System.out.println(sourceAsMap.get("description"));
            System.out.println(sourceAsMap.get("studymodel"));
            System.out.println(sourceAsMap.get("price"));
            System.out.println(sourceAsMap.get("timestamp"));
            System.out.println(sourceAsMap.get("pic"));
            System.out.println("=============================================");
        }
    }

4.2 minimum_should_match

上边使用的operator = or表示只要有一个词匹配上就得分，如果实现三个词至少有两个词匹配如何实现？
使用minimum_should_match可以指定文档匹配词的占比。

//matchQuery minimum_should_match
    @Test
    public void testMatchSearch02() throws IOException {
        //设置查询索引库和类型
        SearchRequest xc_course = new SearchRequest("xc_course");
        xc_course.types("doc");

        //设置查询范围
        SearchSourceBuilder searchSourceBuilder = new SearchSourceBuilder();
        searchSourceBuilder.query(QueryBuilders
                .matchQuery("description", "前台页面开发框架构")
                .minimumShouldMatch("40%"));
        searchSourceBuilder.fetchSource(new String[]{"name", "studymodel", "price", "timestamp", "pic"}, new String[]{});

        //索引绑定条件
        xc_course.source(searchSourceBuilder);

        //开始搜素
        SearchResponse searchResponse = restHighLevelClient.search(xc_course);
        SearchHits hits = searchResponse.getHits();
        System.out.println(hits.getTotalHits());
        System.out.println("============================================");
        SearchHit[] hitsHits = hits.getHits();
        for (SearchHit hitsHit : hitsHits) {
            System.out.println(hitsHit.getId());
            Map<String, Object> sourceAsMap = hitsHit.getSourceAsMap();
            System.out.println(sourceAsMap.get("name"));
            System.out.println(sourceAsMap.get("description"));
            System.out.println(sourceAsMap.get("studymodel"));
            System.out.println(sourceAsMap.get("price"));
            System.out.println(sourceAsMap.get("timestamp"));
            System.out.println(sourceAsMap.get("pic"));
            System.out.println("=============================================");
        }
    }

5. multi Query

上边学习的termQuery和matchQuery一次只能匹配一个Field，本节学习multiQuery，一次可以匹配多个字段。

5.1 基础使用，并提高field的权重boost倍

单项匹配是在一个field中去匹配，多项匹配是拿关键字去多个Field中匹配。

//查询多个域
    @Test
    public void testMultiSearch() throws IOException {
        //设置查询索引库和类型
        SearchRequest xc_course = new SearchRequest("xc_course");
        xc_course.types("doc");

        //设置查询范围
        SearchSourceBuilder searchSourceBuilder = new SearchSourceBuilder();
        searchSourceBuilder.query(QueryBuilders
                .multiMatchQuery("spring css", "name", "description")//之前的Query构造方法都是字段名在前面，multiMatchQuery是字段名在后面
                .minimumShouldMatch("50%")
                .field("name", 10));//这里是将name这个字段的相关度(权重)提高10倍
        searchSourceBuilder.fetchSource(new String[]{"name", "studymodel", "price", "timestamp", "pic"}, new String[]{});

        //索引绑定条件
        xc_course.source(searchSourceBuilder);

        //开始搜素
        SearchResponse searchResponse = restHighLevelClient.search(xc_course);
        SearchHits hits = searchResponse.getHits();
        System.out.println(hits.getTotalHits());
        System.out.println("============================================");
        SearchHit[] hitsHits = hits.getHits();
        for (SearchHit hitsHit : hitsHits) {
            System.out.println(hitsHit.getId());
            System.out.println(hitsHit.getScore());
            Map<String, Object> sourceAsMap = hitsHit.getSourceAsMap();
            System.out.println(sourceAsMap.get("name"));
            System.out.println(sourceAsMap.get("description"));
            System.out.println(sourceAsMap.get("studymodel"));
            System.out.println(sourceAsMap.get("price"));
            System.out.println(sourceAsMap.get("timestamp"));
            System.out.println(sourceAsMap.get("pic"));
            System.out.println("=============================================");
        }
    }

6. 布尔查询

布尔查询对应于Lucene的BooleanQuery查询，实现将多个查询组合起来。

must：表示必须，多个查询条件必须都满足。（通常使用must）

should：表示或者，多个查询条件只要有一个满足即可。

must_not：表示非。

//多种查询条件查询所有document
    @Test
    public void testMustSearch() throws IOException {
        //设置查询索引库和类型
        SearchRequest xc_course = new SearchRequest("xc_course");
        xc_course.types("doc");

        //设置查询范围
        SearchSourceBuilder searchSourceBuilder = new SearchSourceBuilder();
        BoolQueryBuilder boolQuery = QueryBuilders.boolQuery();
        MultiMatchQueryBuilder multiMatchQueryBuilder = QueryBuilders
                .multiMatchQuery("spring css", "name", "description")
                .minimumShouldMatch("50%")
                .field("name", 10);
        TermQueryBuilder termQueryBuilder = QueryBuilders.termQuery("studymodel", "201001");
        boolQuery.must(multiMatchQueryBuilder).must(termQueryBuilder);
        searchSourceBuilder.query(boolQuery);
        searchSourceBuilder.fetchSource(new String[]{"name", "studymodel", "price", "timestamp", "pic"}, new String[]{});

        //索引绑定条件
        xc_course.source(searchSourceBuilder);

        //开始搜素
        SearchResponse searchResponse = restHighLevelClient.search(xc_course);
        SearchHits hits = searchResponse.getHits();
        System.out.println(hits.getTotalHits());
        System.out.println("============================================");
        SearchHit[] hitsHits = hits.getHits();
        for (SearchHit hitsHit : hitsHits) {
            System.out.println(hitsHit.getId());
            Map<String, Object> sourceAsMap = hitsHit.getSourceAsMap();
            System.out.println(sourceAsMap.get("name"));
            System.out.println(sourceAsMap.get("description"));
            System.out.println(sourceAsMap.get("studymodel"));
            System.out.println(sourceAsMap.get("price"));
            System.out.println(sourceAsMap.get("timestamp"));
            System.out.println(sourceAsMap.get("pic"));
            System.out.println("=============================================");
        }
    }

7. 过滤器

过虑是针对搜索的结果进行过虑，过虑器主要判断的是文档是否匹配，不去计算和判断文档的匹配度得分，所以过虑器性能比查询要高，且方便缓存，推荐尽量使用过虑器去实现查询或者过虑器和查询共同使用。

过滤器的配置是在boolQueryBuilder配置

        //过滤器
        boolQueryBuilder.filter(QueryBuilders.rangeQuery("price").gte(60).lte(100));
        searchSourceBuilder.query(boolQueryBuilder);

8. 排序

排序是SearchSourceBuilder的一个功能

	//排序
        searchSourceBuilder.sort("price", SortOrder.DESC);

9. 高亮显示

高亮显示可以将搜索结果一个或多个字突出显示，以便向用户展示匹配关键字的位置。 在搜索语句中添加highlight即可实现

 //运用所有查询方式
    @Test
    public void testFilterSearch() throws IOException {
        //设置查询索引库和类型
        SearchRequest xc_course = new SearchRequest("xc_course");
        xc_course.types("doc");

        //设置查询范围
        SearchSourceBuilder searchSourceBuilder = new SearchSourceBuilder();
        //查询所有
        MatchQueryBuilder matchQueryBuilder = QueryBuilders.matchQuery("name", "开发");
        BoolQueryBuilder boolQueryBuilder = QueryBuilders.boolQuery();
        boolQueryBuilder.must(matchQueryBuilder);
        //过滤器
        boolQueryBuilder.filter(QueryBuilders.rangeQuery("price").gte(60).lte(100));
        searchSourceBuilder.query(boolQueryBuilder);
        //排序
        searchSourceBuilder.sort("price", SortOrder.DESC);
        searchSourceBuilder.fetchSource(new String[]{"name", "studymodel", "price", "timestamp", "pic"}, new String[]{});
        //高亮显示
        HighlightBuilder highlightBuilder=new HighlightBuilder();
        highlightBuilder.preTags("<tag>");
        highlightBuilder.postTags("</tag>");
        highlightBuilder.fields().add(new HighlightBuilder.Field("name"));

        searchSourceBuilder.highlighter(highlightBuilder);

        //索引绑定条件
        xc_course.source(searchSourceBuilder);

        //开始搜素
        SearchResponse searchResponse = restHighLevelClient.search(xc_course);
        SearchHits hits = searchResponse.getHits();
        System.out.println("一共有"+hits.getTotalHits()+"条记录");
        System.out.println("============================================");
        SearchHit[] hitsHits = hits.getHits();
        for (SearchHit hitsHit : hitsHits) {
            System.out.println("document的id:"+hitsHit.getId());
            Map<String, Object> sourceAsMap = hitsHit.getSourceAsMap();
            System.out.println("原本的name:"+sourceAsMap.get("name"));
            Map<String, HighlightField> highlightFields = hitsHit.getHighlightFields();
            if(highlightFields!=null||highlightFields.size()!=0){
                HighlightField highlightField = highlightFields.get("name");
                if(highlightField!=null){
                    Text[] fragments = highlightField.getFragments();
                    StringBuilder stringBuilder=new StringBuilder();
                    for (Text text : fragments) {
                        stringBuilder.append(text);
                    }
                    System.out.println("高亮显示的name:"+stringBuilder.toString());
                }
            }
            System.out.println(sourceAsMap.get("description"));
            System.out.println(sourceAsMap.get("studymodel"));
            System.out.println(sourceAsMap.get("price"));
            System.out.println(sourceAsMap.get("timestamp"));
            System.out.println(sourceAsMap.get("pic"));
            System.out.println("=============================================");
        }
    }

转载于:https://my.oschina.net/edisonOnCall/blog/3043250

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